Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.

Raj Pai

Marian Morys

Michael Thomas Pelletier

William Joseph Schaecher

Christopher Michael Jones

David L Perkins

George David Goodman

William Joseph Soltmann

James E Masino

Homi Phiroze Cooper

John Thomas

Phap Hung Lien

Luis Emilio San Martin

Wei Zhang

James Martin Price

Robert S Atkinson

Aditya B Nayak

Carl Dodge

Stephen A Zannoni

Myrick L Monroe

Humberto E Rosa

Systems, tools, and methods are presented for processing a plurality of spectral ranges from an electromagnetic radiation that has been interacted with a fluid. Each spectral range within the plurality corresponds to a property of the fluid or a constituent therein. In one instance, a series of spectral analyzers, each including an integrated computational element coupled to an optical transducer, forms a monolithic structure to receive interacted electromagnetic radiation from the fluid. Each spectral analyzer is configured to process one of the plurality of spectral ranges. The series is ordered so spectral ranges are processed progressively from shortest wavelengths to longest wavelengths as interacted electromagnetic radiation propagates therethrough. Other systems, tools, and methods are presented.

Optical processing of multiple spectral ranges using integrated computational elements

In a downhole environment, utilizing one or more ICE modules, in response to detecting light by one or more channels of a light to voltage converter, the detected light is converted into one or more voltages. The light has previously interacted with a downhole substance and has been processed by an integrated computational element. The one or more voltages are converted into one or more analog frequencies. The one or more analog frequencies are converted into one or more digital frequencies. One or more intensities are determined from one or more digital frequencies. One or more components of the substance are determined in response to the determined one or more intensities.

Frequency based measurement of characteristics of a substance

In some embodiments, apparatus and systems, as well as methods, may operate to select from multiple optical detectors and/or multiple detector amplifiers to form combinations of detectors and amplifiers as part of an optical detection system. The selection may be based on minimizing noise equivalent power (NEP) of the optical detector or a combination of an optical detector and a detector amplifier over a desired temperature range. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Detector, preamplifier selection apparatus, systems, and methods

Optical detection apparatus () comprising an optical detector (), a detector amplifier (), and switching means, e.g., a multiplexer (), for dynamically selecting at least one of the optical detector or the detector amplifier by switching from among at least two alternative optical detectors and/or at least two detector amplifiers such as to minimize noise equivalent power (NEP) of a selected detector or combination of detector and amplifier under given operating conditions.

Various methods and tools optically analyze downhole fluid properties in situ. Some disclosed downhole optical radiometry tools include a tool body having a sample cell for fluid flow. A light beam passes through the sample cell and a spectral operation unit (SOU) such as a prism, filter, interferometer, or multivariate optical element (MOE). The resulting light provides a signal indicative of one or more properties of the fluid. A sensor configuration using electrically balanced thermopiles offers a high sensitivity over a wide temperature range. Further sensitivity is achieved by modulating the light beam and/or by providing a reference light beam that does not interact with the fluid flow. To provide a wide spectral range, some embodiments include multiple filaments in the light source, each filament having a different emission spectrum. Moreover, some embodiments include a second light source, sample cell, SOU, and detector to provide increased range, flexibility, and reliability.

Downhole optical radiometry tool

In some embodiments, apparatus and systems, as well as methods, may operate to receive radiation at an active detector of a pair of radiation detectors to provide a first signal proportional to an intensity of the radiation, to receive none of the radiation at a blind detector of the pair of radiation detectors to provide a second signal proportional to the reception of no radiation, and to combine the first signal and the second signal to provide an output signal representing the difference between the first signal and the second signal. The pair of radiation detectors may comprise thermopile detectors. Combination may occur via differential amplification. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Compensated optical detection apparatus, systems, and methods

An apparatus and method for minimizing the effects of a common mode voltage signal in downhole logging tools utilized to determine the resistivity of an adjacent portion of a borehole wall. Two current electrodes are energized by an excitation source to create an oscillatory electric field in a borehole wall. A voltage drop across a segment of the borehole wall is measured by two voltage electrodes, and the differential voltage is used in combination with a measured current flow to determine a resistivity value for the borehole wall. A common mode voltage in front of the two voltage electrodes is measured and minimized by controlling the excitation source, thereby reducing the resistivity measurement error.

Oil based mud imaging tool with common mode voltage compensation

Oil-based mud imaging systems and methods having standoff compensation. In some embodiments, disclosed logging systems include a logging tool in communication with surface computing facilities. The logging tool is provided with a sensor array having at least two voltage electrodes positioned between two current electrodes energized by an excitation source to create an oscillatory electric field in a borehole wall. The two current electrodes are each shielded with conductive shields to prevent current leakage into the logging tool body. A common mode voltage is measured, and the phase and amplitude of the excitation source is controlled to reduce the difference between the common mode voltage and reference voltage of a voltage detector. The logging tool is further provided with electronics coupled to the voltage detector and the current electrodes to determine a differential voltage between the voltage electrodes and two current flows from separate ones of the current electrodes. From the differential voltage and multiple current flows, the computing facilities determine borehole wall resistivity, and may display the resistivity as a borehole wall image.

Growing community of inventors

Houston, TX, United States of America

Raj Pai