Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Rahul Jasvantrai Sanghavi

Pushpito Kumar Ghosh

Vadakke Puthoor Mohandas

Maheshkumar Ramniklal Gandhi

Himanshu Labhshanker Joshi

Sohan Lal Daga

Sumesh Chandra Upadhyay

Koushik Halder

Rajinder Nath Vohra

Kishorkumar Manmohandas Majeethia

Indrajit Mukhopadhyay

Hasina Hajibhai Deraiya

Sreekumaran Thampy

Rohit Harshadray Dave

Gadde Ramachandraiah

Abdulhamid Usmanbhai Hamidani

Rohit Harshadrai Dave

Babulal Rebary

Babulal Surabhai Makwana

Sandhya Chandrikaprasad Mishra

Vinod Kumar Shahi

Venkata Rama Krishna Sarma Susarla

Puthoor Mohandas Vadakke

Imran Pancha

Subbarayappa Adimurthy

Arvind Kumar

Jignesh Jasvantrai Shukla

Divesh Narayan Srivastava

Ruma Pal

Ramkrishna Sen

Hasina Hajibhai Deriya

Girdhar Joshi

Venkata Rama Susarla

Harshad Brahmbhatt

Manoj Kunjabihari Agrawal

Paresh Ukabhai Patoliya

The present invention relates to natural crude salt formulations arid their cost-effective preparation. In particular, the invention discloses the fractionation of seawater into three fractions which can thereafter be suitably combined to reconstitute seawater in its pristine form for its various applications such as growth of marine microbes, flora and fauna in a marine environment, especially where such environments have to be created in locations far removed from the sea and/or where there is a requirement to modify the composition of seawater to better its performance. The fractions can also be blended appropriately to exclude the major constituent, namely sodium chloride, and thereby be useful for mineralization/re-mineralization of waters which are deficient in mineral nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulphate and bicarbonate including rain water and desalinated waters obtained through thermal/RO desalination. The invention can be practiced most cost-effectively in solar salt works operated on sea brine.

Process for the preparation of natural salt formulations for seawater substitution, mineral fortification

The invention discloses an improvement over the existing process of producing solar salt of high purity from seawater and minimizes the need for downstream purification. More particularly, the invention teaches the practical utility of recrystallization of salt in solar salt pans using seawater itself as the dissolving medium. The resultant recrystallized salt is obtained with a yield up to 80% and with much reduced levels of impurities. Special mention is made of the bromide level which is reduced 7-10 fold. The invention is most ideal for trace impurities which reside in the salt crystal lattice and are difficult to dislodge by conventional methods adopted for salt purification and where conventional recrystallization would be cost ineffective and scalability would pose a problem. The invention can be practiced by solar salt works based on seawater and where spare land is available to set up additional crystallizers required for the purpose of recrystallization.

Production of high purity salt with reduced levels of impurities

The process of the invention deals with significant improvements in salt purity and whiteness brought about through treatment of brine with alum prior to charging into crystallizers for solar salt production. The improvements realized are partly on account of elimination of suspended impurities like gypsum and clayey matter in the brine, which may otherwise be carried along with the brine in the crystallizer and finally end up in the salt, and partly due to the improved crystal size and morphology that minimizes embedded impurities in the salt. Rain washing of the heaped salt has resulted in a salt with greatly reduced calcium and sulphate impurity levels hitherto not achieved in solar salt production. Alum treatment by the process of the invention requires no additional time or infrastructure and the cost of the treatment works out to &#x3c;3 U.S. cents per ton of salt. The process can be implemented in any solar salt works.

Process for the preparation of solar salt having high purity and whiteness

The process of the invention is an improvement over the existing process of producing salt of high purity from alum-treated brine disclosed recently in the prior art. More particularly, the invention rectifies the ratio of Cato Mgfrom a value &#x3c;1 to a value in the range of 2-3 desired by chlor-alkali and soda ash industries. The improved process involves the adjustment of pH of clarified brine with aqueous HCl so as to carry out salt crystallization at a pH of 6.5 instead of at the natural pH of 7. The pH adjustment reduces the Mgimpurity in salt while slightly raising the Caimpurity in the salt and thereby achieving the desired ratio.

Process for the preparation of common salt of high purity from brines in solar salt pans

A new process for recovery of Low Sodium Salt from bittern has been described in the present invention, the said process comprising desulphatation of bittern (by-product of salt industry), evaporation of bittern in solar pans and processing of solid mixture with water to produce a mixture of sodium and potassium chlorides and optionally preparing 'free flowing' and iodized, by known techniques.

Process for recovery of low sodium salt from bittern

The present invention relates to a non-hazardous brominating reagent from an aqueous alkaline bromine byproduct solution obtained from bromine recovery plant and containing 25 to 35% bromine dissolved in aqueous lime or sodium hydroxide containing alkali bromide and alkali bromate mixture having bromide to bromate stoichiometric ratio in the range of 5:1 to 5.1:1 or 2:1 to 2.1:1 and a pH ranging between 8-12 and also relates to a method for borminating aromatic compounds by using the above brominating agent.

Preparation of non-hazardous brominating reagents

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Gujarat, India

Rahul Jasvantrai Sanghavi