Hewlett-packard Development Company, L.p.

Peridot Print LLC

Rachael Donovan

Shannon Reuben Woodruff

Carolin Fleischmann

Erica Montei Fung

Jesiska Tandy

Ali Emamjomeh

Greg Scott Long

Kenneth Flack

Carmina Querol Esparch

Yi Feng

Emre Hiro Discekici

Stephen G Rudisill

Alay Yemane

Three-dimensional printing kits can include a powder bed material and a fusing agent to selectively apply to the powder bed material. The powder bed material can include polymer build particles and cellulose particles. The cellulose particles can be chemically and thermally stable at a melting point temperature of the polymer build particles. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber to absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat.

Three-dimensional printing with cellulose-based additives

An example of a kit for 3D printing includes a build material composition and a fusing agent to be applied to at least a portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The build material composition of the kit includes a polyamide 6,13 material, a phosphorus-containing antioxidant, and a sulfur-containing antioxidant, or a polyamide 6 material, the sulfur-containing antioxidant, and a phenolic antioxidant. The fusing agent includes a radiation absorber to absorb radiation to melt or fuse the build material composition in the at least the portion.

Three-dimensional printing

An example of a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional (3D) printing includes an elasticity agent to be applied to at least a portion of a build material composition during 3D printing and a fusing agent to be applied to the at least the portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The elasticity agent includes a plasticizer having: a formula (I): wherein n is an integer ranging from 3 to 8; or a formula (II): wherein m is an integer ranging from 3 to 8. The fusing agent includes an energy absorber.

Compositions including polyamides and methods of employing compositions including polyamides are described herein. For instance, composition for three-dimensional (3D) printing can include a polymer build material comprising of at least two polyamides including a first polyamide and a second polyamide, where the first polyamide is present in an amount ranging of from about 95% to about 99% of a total weight of the polymer build material and where the second polyamide is present in an amount ranging of from about 1% to about 5% of the total weight of the polymer build material.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing

An example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing kit includes a build material composition and a fusing agent to be applied to at least a portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The build material composition includes a semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymer having a predicted total dimension change during 3D printing ranging from about &#x2212;4% to about 9%. The fusing agent includes an energy absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation to coalesce the semi-crystalline or amorphous thermoplastic polymer in the at least the portion. The fusing agent is a core fusing agent and the energy absorber has absorption at least at wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 780 nm; or the fusing agent is a primer fusing agent and the energy absorber has absorption at wavelengths ranging from 800 nm to 4000 nm and has transparency at wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 780 nm.

An example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing kit includes a build material composition and a fusing agent to be applied to at least a portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The build material composition includes a thermoplastic elastomer having: an avalanche angle ranging from about 49 degrees to about 59 degrees; a break energy ranging from about 55 kJ/kg to about 78 kJ/kg; and an avalanche energy ranging from about 10 kJ/kg to about 27 kJ/kg. The fusing agent includes an energy absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation to coalesce the thermoplastic elastomer in the at least the portion.

An example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing composition includes a build material composition and a fusing agent to be applied to at least a portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The build material composition includes one of: (i) a thermoplastic elastomer having a flow parameter characterized by a consolidation resistance value ranging from about 8 to about 30, and a tap density characterized by an n1/2 value ranging from 5 taps to 30 taps; or (ii) a polyamide-like material having a flow parameter characterized by a consolidation resistance value ranging from about 75 to about 120, and a tap density characterized by an n1/2 value ranging from 5 taps to 30 taps. The fusing agent includes an energy absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation to coalesce the thermoplastic elastomer or the polyamide-like material in the at least the portion.

An example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing kit includes a build material composition and a fusing agent to be applied to at least a portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The build material composition includes a polyamide having a melt enthalpy ranging from greater than 5 J/g to less than 150 J/g. The fusing agent includes an energy absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation to coalesce the polyamide in the at least the portion. The fusing agent is a core fusing agent and the energy absorber has absorption at least at wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 780 nm; or the fusing agent is a primer fusing agent and the energy absorber is a plasmonic resonance absorber having absorption at wavelengths ranging from 800 nm to 4000 nm and having transparency at wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 780 nm.

An example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing kit includes a build material composition and a fusing agent to be applied to at least a portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The build material composition includes composite particles of titanium dioxide at least partially coated with a polyether block amide polymer. The fusing agent includes an energy absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation to coalesce the composite particles in the at least the portion.

An example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing kit includes a build material composition and a fusing agent to be applied to at least a portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The build material composition includes a polyamide having: an avalanche angle ranging from about 35 degrees to about 55 degrees; a break energy ranging from about 25 kJ/kg to about 57 kJ/kg; and an avalanche energy ranging from about 7 kJ/kg to about 22 kJ/kg. The fusing agent includes an energy absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation to coalesce the polyamide in the at least the portion.

A material set can include a powder bed material, including a polymer powder and a fusing agent. The polymer powder can have a particle size distribution having the following profile: D10 of 30 &#x3bc;m or more, D50 from 50 &#x3bc;m to 65 &#x3bc;m, and D90 of 100?m or less. Other parameters can include a melting point from 100&#xb0; C. to 300&#xb0; C., a processing window temperature of 20&#xb0; C. or more, an energy density absorption of 20% or less, and a melt flow index from 10 cc to 80 cc at 10 minutes. The fusing agent can include an energy absorber capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation to produce heat.

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San Diego, CA, United States of America

Rachael Donovan