Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Inc.

New England Deaconess Hospital Corporation

Other

Medical Foods, Inc.

R Armour Forse

Stacey J Bell

Bruce R Bistrian

Sambasiva R Chavali

Robert C Jones

Edward Anthony Mascioli

Peter Burke

Yeast-derived fiber has been demonstrated, as described herein, to effectively improve the serum lipid profile in humans, when provided as a dietary supplement, without some of the disadvantages known to accompany dietary supplementation with oat fiber or psyllium fiber. Described herein are dietary supplements comprising yeast fiber, e.g., &bgr;-glucan or glucomannan, and further comprising folic acid or a salt thereof, vitamin B,, vitamin B,, and vitamin E. The dietary supplements of the invention can further comprise fats, carbohydrates and proteins, for example, and other ingredients added to formulate a food product. Such food products can be in the form, for example, of solid or semi-solid foods, such as food bars, pudding, or spreads. By including folate and vitamin B,, the dietary supplement provides a second benefit of suppressing the level of homocysteine in the blood. A third benefit is provided by the anti-oxidant properties of vitamin E, particularly the effect of preserving low density lipoproteins from oxidation. Further embodiments of the invention are methods for improving the serum lipid profile in a human, methods for lowering risk of heart disease, and methods for improving cardiovascular health in a human, comprising administering to the human a dietary supplement of the invention.

Dietary supplement and method for lowering risk of heart disease

Methods for inhibiting &Dgr;-5-desaturase activity, for inhibiting arachidonic acid metabolism, for inhibiting PGE,levels and for inhibiting PLA,activity comprising administering sesamol are disclosed.

Sesamol inhibition of &Dgr;-5-desaturase activity and uses therefor

A novel diabetic supplement bar which includes about 10-60% by weight simple carbohydrate, about 1-25% by weight protein, about 2-40% by weight lipid and about 1-60%, preferably about 5-35% by weight complex carbohydrate. This formulation is particularly useful for the treatment or prevention of nighttime hypoglycemia in diabetic patients who require insulin injections.

Diabetic supplement bar

An improved enteral formulation that is low in fat and contains protein hydrolysates has been developed. The osmolality of the formulation is controlled to be below 500 mOs/kg H.sub.2 O, preferably about 300 mOs/kg H.sub.2 O. In a preferred embodiment, the formulation contains corn starch to control blood glucose levels. This formulation is particularly useful for treatment of critically ill patients and in minimizing a risk of pulmonary aspiration and/or gastrointestinal dysfunction in such patients.

Enteral formulation: low in fat and containing protein hydrolysates

A nutritional supplement is described comprising approximately from about 10 to about 75 grams carbohydrate; approximately from about 5 to about 50 grams protein; approximately from about 3 to about 30 grams fat; and therapeutic amount of antioxidant, for use in weight maintenance in individuals who will undergo major surgery to prevent or reduce postoperative complications.

Nutritional supplement for preoperative feeding

A nutritional supplement comprising approximately from about 5 to about 25 grams carbohydrate; approximately from about 1 to about 25 grams protein; and approximately from about 1 to about 10 grams fat, for use in treating low appetite that may result in weight loss, is described.

Nutritional supplement for use in the treatment of attention deficit

The uses of lignans of the sesamin family to treat infection and inflammation is disclosed. These lignans may be delivered enterally or parenterally and either in the form of sesame oil or in purified form. A total parenteral nutrition solution or dietary supplement are the preferred forms of administration.

Anti-inflammatory and infection protective effects of sesamin-based

The invention describes an herbal formulation and its use for reducing/alleviating symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and reactive arthritis and for reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Foods and beverages containing the herbal formulation are also described.

Formulation for alleviating symptoms associated with arthritis

The present invention features saponin containing enteral formulations for treatment of infection and inflammation. These saponin containing formulations are particularly useful in conjunction with oils rich in .omega.3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as fish oils and flax oil but also show benefits with .omega.6 rich oils such as borage oil, black currant seed oil, canola oil and rapeseed oil. These formulations may also contain a lignan from the sesamin family.

Enternal formulations for treatment of inflammation and infection

A method of pulsatile infusion of a drug or other therapeutic agent is described. The pulsatile infusion method minimizes tachyphylaxis, while enabling the target cell, tissue, or organ to benefit from the administered drug or other therapeutic agent. The drug or other therapeutic agent, an agonist or antagonist for a molecule of the receptor system, is administered in a succession of at least two pulses. The pulses have a selected amplitude and duration so that the binding affinity of the receptor system molecule is decreased by a predetermined amount in response to each pulse. This predetermined amount is less than the difference between the maximum binding affinity of the receptor system molecule, when it is not exposed to either the agonist or antagonist, and its minimum binding affinity for the agonist or antagonist, when it is continuously exposed to the agonist or antagonist. The pulses are spaced apart by a selected interpulse period wherein the binding affinity of the receptor system molecule increases to the maximum value.

Method of pulsatile drug infusion

Enteral formulations for treatment of inflammation and infection

Disclosed is a method of minimizing the effects of a catabolic illness in an individual by administering to the individual a diet which is controlled in the type of fatty acid intake. The diet comprises an oil rich in .omega.9 monounsaturated fatty acids, preferably oleic acid. Oils rich in monounsaturated fatty acids include olive oil, canola oil and high oleic acid safflower or high oleic acid sunflower oil. The diet can also be administered to an individual to minimize infection or to minimize the risk of infection in the individual. A dietary supplement useful in methods of the invention and a structured lipid are also disclosed.

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Brookline, MA, United States of America

R Armour Forse