Southwest Research Institute

Qingwen Ni

Armando De Los Santos

James Derwin King

J Derwin King

Xingguo Cheng

Xiaodu Wang

Thomas B Potter

Magnetic calcium phosphate particles are provided including particles comprising iron oxide and calcium phosphate. A chitosan coating is present on the particles, wherein the particles are less than or equal to 1,000 nm, are magnetic and exhibit a positive charge in the range of 1 mVolts to 60 mVolts. The particles are provided by preparing a calcium hydroxide solution and filtering the calcium hydroxide solution in a membrane filter. An iron chloride solution is formed and combined with the filtered calcium hydroxide solution. In addition, the phosphoric acid solution is combined with the combined solutions of iron chloride and calcium hydroxide, forming a mixture including particles comprising iron oxide and calcium phosphate.

Magnetic calcium phosphate nanoparticles, applications and methods of preparation thereof

Magnetic resonance technology can be used to non-invasively measure bone porosity, pore size distribution, and other bone properties, including aging, in situ. Spin-lattice (T ) as well as spin-spin (T ) relaxation time data and spectra are used to determine porosity and pore size distribution in human bones, including compact bones.

Nuclear magnetic resonance technology for non-invasive characterization of bone porosity and pore size distributions

A method and apparatus ( ) for detecting and measuring the amount of crude oil in underground rock formations. EPR measurements are used to calculate the amount of crude oil, and may be calibrated to determine the particular type of crude oil. These measurements may be used in conjunction with NMR measurements, to provide accurate estimations of pore size and permeability.

Porosity and permeability measurement of underground formations containing crude oil, using EPR response data

Various flowmeters (,) each have an ESR sensor (,) for measuring the crude oil fraction and/or velocity of a fluid containing crude oil. In combination with an NMR sensor or other sensors, a complete set of flow fraction, flow velocity, and flow rate measurements can be obtained for multiphase fluids containing gas, oil, water or any combination thereof.

Measurement of flow fractions flow velocities and flow rates of a multiphase fluid using ESR sensing

Various flowmeters (10, 70, 80) each have at least one NMR sensor (12, 72, 82) for measuring the various flow parameters of a flowing fluid. The NMR sensor may be used to provide a gradient magnetic field, which provides separate velocities when the fluid is multiphase (FIG. 10). The flowmeters may also be used to measure flow rate directly. The flowmeters may also be used to determine the separate flow fractions of a multiphase fluid.

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Qingwen Ni