Ppg Industries, Inc.

Conoco Inc.

Preston S White

William B Darlington

Donald W DuBois

Patrick E Hillman

Disclosed is method of preparing a solid polymer electrolyte by depositing catalyst particles in hydrophilic, thermoplastic ion exchange material on the solid polymer electrolyte permionic membrane or a current collector-catalyst carrier. Also disclosed is the solid polymer electrolyte electrolytic cell prepared thereby.

Solid polymer electrolyte cell

Disclosed is method of preparing a solid polymer electrolyte by codepositing catalyst particles and a hydrophilic, thermoplastic ion exchange material onto the solid polymer electrolyte permionic membrane or a current collector-catalyst carrier. Also disclosed is the solid polymer electrolyte electrolytic cell prepared thereby.

Solid polymer electrolyte cell and electrode for same

Disclosed is a method of preparing a permionic membrane by contacting the permionic membrane with a plasticizer and an electroconductive material, and hot pressing the permionic membrane, the plasticizer, and the electroconductive material.

Method of forming a permionic membrane

Precipitation of aluminum corrosion products from phosphate-borate ethylene glycol based antifreeze formulations is retarded by incorporating in the antifreeze a precipitation retarding amount of alkylene diphosphonic acid, e.g., 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid.

Antifreeze formulation useful for retarding precipitation of aluminum

Disclosed is a method of electrolyzing alkali metal chloride brine in permionic membrane cell where the permionic membrane is hydrolyzed in situ. The membrane is hydrolyzed by electrodialytically drawing alkali metal ions through the membrane. Thereafter, electrolysis is commenced.

Treatment of permionic membrane

Disclosed is a solid polymer electrolyte electrolytic cell where the cathodic reaction takes place at a three phase catholyte-cathode catalyst-permionic membrane interface. The structure to carry this out may have electroconductive but electrolytically inactive portions of the cathode bonded to and embedded in the solid polymer electrolyte, and electrolytically active portions of the cathode extending outward from the permionic membrane into the catholyte. Alternatively, the cathode may compressively bear on a gel of permionic membrane material. Preferably the electrolytically active portions of the cathode extend out to about 1000 Angstroms into the catholyte, whereby to maintain the electrolysis within about 1000 Angstroms of the permionic membrane. The formation of hydroxyl ion within the permionic membrane is substantially avoided.

Electrolytically producing chlorine using a solid polymer

Phenylenediamine is obtained in high yield and in high purity from an aqueous alkaline solution of phenylenediamine by liquid-liquid extraction of said solution with a C.sub.1 chlorinated solvent.

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Corpus Christi, TX, United States of America

Preston S White