International Business Machines Corporation

Phillip J Nigh

Franco Motika

John Maxwell Cohn

Leendert M Huisman

Donato Orazio Forlenza

Leah M P Pastel

Thomas Gregory Sopchak

Greg Bazan

James William Adkisson

Anne Elizabeth Gattiker

David P Vallett

Jeffrey Alan Kash

Daniel Ray Knebel

Jody John Van Horn

Matthew Sean Grady

Pia Naoko Sanda

David E Sweenor

Mark David Jaffe

Peilin Song

Donald Lawrence Wheater

Monty Montague Denneau

Vikram Iyengar

Phong T Tran

Richard Frank Rizzolo

Timothy J Koprowski

Bryan J Robbins

Robert Dean Adams

Patrick R Hansen

Richard James Evans

Joseph E Eckelman

James Chen-Hsiang Tsang

John James Shushereba

Leo A Noel

Raymond J Bulaga

Howard B Druckerman

Steven Michnowski

Xiaodong Xiao

John L Harris

Thomas G Foote

Franco Molika

Francis Gravel

Kenneth Rowe

Rocco E DeStefano

David P Vallet

William J Thibault

A multiprocessor system comprising a plurality of processors is disclosed. The plurality of processors includes a first processor including first monitor on-chip and a second processor including a including a second monitor on-chip. The first monitor on-chip is configured to measure load on the second processor and the second monitor on-chip is configured to measure load on the first processor. The first monitor on-chip is configured to cause the second monitor on-chip to perform a self-test on the second processor if the load on the second processor is below a second processor load threshold value and the second monitor on-chip is configured to cause the first monitor on-chip to perform a self-test on the first processor if the load on the first processor is below first processor load threshold value.

Online multiprocessor system reliability defect testing

A method of diagnosing semiconductor device functional testing failures by combining deterministic and functional testing to create a new test pattern based on functional failure by determining the location of the type of error in the failing circuit. This is accomplished by identifying the failing vector during the functional test, observing the states of the failed device by unloading the values of the latches from the LSSD scan chain before the failing vector, generating a LOAD from the unloaded states of the latches, applying the generated LOAD as the first event of a newly created independent LSSD deterministic pattern, applying the primary inputs and Clocks that produced the failure to a correctly operating device, unloading the output of the correctly operating device to generate a deterministic LSSD pattern; and applying the generated deterministic LSSD pattern to the failing device to diagnose the failure using existing LSSD deterministic tools.

Functional pattern logic diagnostic method

A method is disclosed for designing scan chains in an integrated circuit chip with specific parameter sensitivities to identify fabrication process defects causing test fails and chip yield loss. The composition of scan paths in the integrated circuit chip is biased to allow them to also function as on-product process monitors. The method adds grouping constraints that bias scan chains to have common latch cell usage where possible, and also biases cell routing to constrain scan chain routing to given restricted metal layers for interconnects. The method assembles a list of latch design parameters which are sensitive to process variation or integrity, and formulates a plan for scan chain design which determines the number and the length of scan chains. A model is formulated of scan chain design based upon current state of yield and process integrity, wherein certain latch designs having dominant sensitivities are chosen for specific ones of the scan chains on the chip. The model is provided as input parameters to a global placement and wiring program used to lay out the scan chains. Test data on the chip is then analyzed to determine and isolate systematic yield problems denoted by attributes of a statistically significant failing population of a specific type of scan chain.

Designing scan chains with specific parameter sensitivities to identify process defects

A method and system for defect evaluation using IDDQ voltage linearity provides improved IDDQ testing for determining whether manufacturing defects in a VLSI device are likely to cause functional faults. IDDQ data is collected at multiple power plane voltages (VDDs) for a test vector at which a fault is activated. The IDDQ vs. VDD is then examined and a range of VDDs over which the characteristic IDDQs are non-linear with respect to VDD is determined. Peaks in the first derivative of the IDDQ vs. VDD curve indicate a particular VDD at which the onset of non-linearity in the IDDQ occurs. The VDD point below which the curve is non-linear indicates the relative resistance of a fault with respect to the driving point resistance of the node at which the fault is located. The relative resistance is directly determinative of additional circuit delay cause by the fault and/or whether the fault will cause a logic level transmission failure. Therefore, the range of VDDs for which the IDDQ curve is linear provides a pass/fail indication that can be used to reject devices in manufacturing test.

Method and system for defect evaluation using quiescent power plane current (IDDQ) voltage linearity

A method for defect diagnosis of semiconductor chip. The method comprises the steps of (a) identifying M design structures and N physical characteristics of the circuit design, wherein M and N are positive integers, wherein each design structure of the M design structures is testable as to pass or fail, and wherein each physical characteristic of the N physical characteristics is present in at least one design structure of the M design structures; (b) for each design structure of the M design structures of the circuit design, determining a fail rate and determining whether the fail rate is high or low; and (c) if every design structure of the M design structures in which a physical characteristic of the N physical characteristics is present has a high fail rate, then flagging the physical characteristic as being likely to contain at least a defect.

Defect diagnosis for semiconductor integrated circuits

A method of diagnosing semiconductor device functional testing failures by combining deterministic and functional testing to create a new test pattern based on the functional failure by determining the location of and type of error in the failing circuit. This is accomplished by identifying the failing vector during the functional test, observing the states of the failed device by unloading the values of the latches from the LSSD scan chain before the failing vector, generating a LOAD from the unloaded states of the latches, applying the generated LOAD as the first event of a newly created independent LSSD deterministic pattern, applying the primary inputs and Clocks that produced the failure to a correctly operating device, unloading the output of the correctly operating device to generate a deterministic LSSD pattern; and applying the generated deterministic LSSD pattern to the failing device to diagnose the failure using existing LSSD deterministic tools.

A circuit and a method for monitoring defects in an integrated circuit chip. The circuit including a defect monitor portion and a sense element portion, the defect monitor portion either coupled to inputs of sense elements arranged in a chain or coupled between sense elements and forming portions of the chain.

Circuit and method for monitoring defects

A method for testing and diagnosing shift register latch chains coupled to logic circuits in an integrated circuit, the method including: (a) determining which of the shift register latch chains are failing by propagating a test pattern of zeros and ones through the shift register latch chains while gating which of the shift register latch chains contents are propagated into the means for generating a test signature; and (b) for each failing shift register latch chain: (b) propagating a test pattern through the shift register latch chains while gating a selected sequential group of latches in a failing shift register latch to propagate into the means for generating a test signature; (b) reducing the number of latches in the sequential group of latches; and (b) repeating steps (b) and (b) until all failing latches of the failing shift register latch chain have been determined.

Diagnostic method for structural scan chain designs

A system for modifying the power up and diagnostic procedure of systems such that the system voltage is lowered to a predetermined voltage level that has been shown to detect delay faults. The system conducts the normal procedure of power up/diagnostic routines at the described VLV condition and then logs failures to this VLV condition. Upon completion of the VLV power up, the system is shut down normally and then subsequently powered up again at the normal voltage conditions. Discrepancies between the VLV power up/diagnostics are noted in the system log and communicated appropriately.

AC defect detection and failure avoidance power up and diagnostic system

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is a method for LBIST testing integrated circuit. The method includes generating a plurality of multi-bit test patterns and grouping the multi-bit test patterns by a plurality of test pattern partitions including a first test pattern partition having a first number of bits and a second test pattern partition having second number of bits greater than the first number. The first test pattern partition is applied to the integrated circuit to generate a first signature that is compared to a first reference signature to detect a failure. The second test pattern partition is applied to the integrated circuit to generate a second signature that is compared to a second reference signature to detect a failure in the integrated circuit.

Method and system for determining repeatable yield detractors of integrated circuits

A method of and apparatus ( ) for detecting one or more defects ( ) in a plurality of chips ( ) on a wafer ( ). The method comprises a first step of simultaneously providing electrical power to the plurality of chips, thereby generating one or more light signals ( ) corresponding to the one or more defects in the plurality of chips. The second step is simultaneously forming an image ( ) of the plurality of chips so as to simultaneously detect the one or more light signals. The apparatus ( ) for carrying out the method comprises electrical probes ( ) for providing electrical power to the plurality of chips, a detector ( ) to detect the one or more light signals emitted by the chips as a result of electrical power interacting with the one or more defects, and an imaging system ( ) arranged so as to form an image of the plurality of chips, including the light signals, onto the detection surface ( ).

Integrated circuit device defect detection method and apparatus employing light emission imaging

A system and method for determining the location of a particular device on an integrated circuit chip is described. The system and method utilize apparatus for detecting the emission of light during switching events of devices in the circuit during the circuit's processing of an input calculated to actuate the device whose location is desired. Light emissions from the circuit can be temporally and spatially indexed so as to allow deduction, in combination with the a priori knowledge of the logical operation of the circuit, of the location of the desired element. In another embodiment of the invention, a series of images of the circuit can be accumulated, representing the circuit's response to a series of different input signals, each input signal being designed to result in the switching of the desired element. The series of images can be compared to determine the location of the desired element. Also in accordance with the invention, the elements to be located can be either actual functional circuit elements, or fiducials added to the chip for test purposes.

Using time resolved light emission from VLSI circuit devices for navigation on complex systems

A method and system are provided that minimize wafer or package level test time without adversely impacting yields in downstream manufacturing processes or degrading outgoing quality levels. The method provides optimization by determining, a priority, the most effective set of tests for a given lot or wafer. The invention implements a method using a processor-based system involving the integration of multiple sources of data that include: historical and realtime, product specific and lot specific, from wafer fabrication data (i.e., process measurements, defect inspections, and parametric testing), product qualification test results, physical failure analysis results and manufacturing functional test results. These various forms of data are used to determine an optimal set of tests to run using a test application sequence, on a given product to optimize test time with minimum risk to yield or product quality.

Method for test optimization using historical and actual fabrication test data

Disclosed is an alternating current (AC) scan diagnostic system in which one or a plurality of scan chains are tested by serially propagating predetermined bit patterns through the scan chain and comparing the output against an expected result. The system comprises identification phase, verifications and localization, and a characterization phases. The system is adaptable for use with on-board diagnostics and is adaptable for use with on-product clock generation systems.

AC scan diagnostic method

LBIST resource parameters are used to control the data inputs for the signature generation process. These resource parameters include a LBIST pattern cycle counter, a channel input selected to input the MISR, and a channel load/unload shift counter. Properly setting one or more of these resource parameters to conditionally control those latch content values that get clocked into the MISR during the unload operation generates a three dimensional signature space.

Logic built-in self test selective signature generation

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Williston, VT, United States of America

Phillip J Nigh