Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

Crc for Waste Management and Pollution Control, Limited

Peter Osvath

Sebastian Mario Marcuccio

Helmut Weigold

Mary Rodopoulos

Alastair Hodges

This invention relates to a process for covalently coupling organic compounds which comprises: reacting an olefinic compound having at least one carbon to carbon double bond or an acetylenic compound having at least one carbon to carbon triple bond with a diboron derivative in the presence of a Group 8-11 metal catalyst to form an organoboron intermediate having an organoboronate residue on at least one carbon atom of the respective double or triple bond; and reacting the organoboron intermediate with an organic compound having a halogen or halogen-like substituent at a coupling position in the presence of a Group 8-11 metal catalyst and a suitable base, whereby the olefinic or acetylenic compound is coupled to the organic compound via a direct bond between the carbon atom having the organoboronate residue and the coupling posiitijno. This invention also relates to a process for preparing an organoboron derivative which comprises reacting an olefinic compound having a leaving group in at the allylic position with a diboron derivative in the presence of a Group 8-11 metal catalyst such that the leaving gruop is replaced with an organoboronate residue. The invention further relates to organoborn intermediates and their preparation.

Organoboron derivatives and process for coupling organic compounds

A method of treating an ion exchange material, the method including: (a) positioning at least two regions of ion exchange material between an anode and cathode electrode, wherein at least a portion of the two regions being in electrical contact and being separated by a non-ion specific permeable interface; (b) supplying water to the at least two regions; (c) applying an electric potential between the electrodes thereby causing generation of hydrogen ions at the anode and hydroxide ions at the cathode, which ions are caused to move through each region towards the oppositely-charged electrode and thereby displacing at least a portion of any anions or cations associated with the ion exchange material in each region such that the displaced anions and cations are also caused to move through the regions towards the oppositely charged electrode; and (d) removing at least some of the cations and/or anions formed during step (c) which reach the interface.

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South Yarra, Australia

Peter Osvath