International Standard Electric Corporation

International Standard Electric Company

Peter J Ayliffe

William A Crossland

David Coates

Peter W Ross

John R Brocklehurst

Jack R Peters

Arthur Atkinson

A ferro-electric liquid crystal display in which the individual pixels are addressed via an address matrix that includes one field effect transistor for each pixel, and a plurality of row and column conductors whereby data is written into each pixel to change or to maintain its display condition.

Ferro-electric liquid crystal display with steady state voltage on front

A matrix array type liquid crystal device whose liquid crystal layer is ferro-electric is addressed using strobing pulses applied serially to the members of a set of electrodes on one side of the layer while balanced bipolar data pulses are applied in parallel to the members of a set of electrodes on the other side. The data pulses are twice the length of the strobing pulses. This provides a way of minimizing the exposure of the pixels to `wrong` voltages between consecutive addressing that would tend to drive them to their opposite states.

Method of addressing liquid crystal displays

A relatively shallow arrangement for providing illumination for a light scattering type display cell employs a transparent sheet in optical contact with the front surface of the cell and a matte black sheet out of contact with the rear surface. The assembly acts as a light guide for light launched into at least one of the transparent sheet from at least one strip lamp. The only light escaping from the display, etc. in the direction of the observer is a proportion of that scattered into non-guided directions by regions of liquid crystal layer selectively set into a scattering state.

Illuminated liquid/crystal display device using internal reflection and

A coherent light image generator for signal processing such as image correlation directs laser light onto a specularly reflecting matrix addressed dyed nematic liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a transparent electroded front plate and an active single crystal silicon wafer incorporating NMOS circuitry.

Coherent light image generation

A co-ordinate matrix addressing system is used to address a liquid crystal display cell containing a positive dielectric anisotropy smectic material. For this purpose one or more direct voltage pulses are applied across selected elemental volumes of the display to convert them from a focal-conic scattering state to a homeotropically aligned state. Prior to this all elements are electrically driven into the turbulent scattering state which relaxes into the focal-conic scattering state upon removal of the driving field. The driving field may also take the form of direct voltage pulses. Unselected elemental volumes may be refreshed to substantially their original level of focal-conic scattering by means of a suitable blanking potential applied to both selected and unselected elemental volumes which nevertheless leaves previously restored elemental volumes in the homeotropically aligned state.

Co-ordinate addressing of smectic display cells

A curtailed drive scheme for a matrix array liquid crystal display cell in which the field developed across each picture element is maintained for only a fraction of the time interval between consecutive addressings. This reduces the effects of differences in time constants across the display for addressing schemes in which the average time constant is short compared with this time interval between consecutive addressings.

Scanning liquid crystal display cells

A co-ordinate matrix addressing system is used to address a liquid crystal display cell containing a positive dielectric anisotropy smectic material. For this purpose one or more direct voltage pulses are applied across selected elemental volumes of the display to convert them from a focal-conic scattering state to a homeotropically aligned state. Prior to this all elements are electrically driven into the turbulent scattering state which relaxes into the focal-conic scattering state upon removal of the driving field. The driving field may also take the form of direct voltage pulses.

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Bishop's Stortford, United Kingdom

Peter J Ayliffe