Wacker Chemie Ag

Peter Gigler

Jürgen Stohrer

Juergen Stohrer

Eckhard Hanelt

Dominik Jantke

Stefan Haufe

Dennis Troegel

Maria Leute

Rebecca Bernhard

The invention relates to methods for producing non-aggregated, modified silicon particles by treating non-aggregated silicon particles which have volume-weighted particle size distributions with diameter percentiles dof 1.0 &#x3bc;m to 10.0 &#x3bc;m at 80&#xb0; C. to 900&#xb0; C. with an oxygen-containing gas.

Methods for modifying silicon particles

The invention relates to silicon/graphite/carbon composites (Si/G/C-composites), containing graphite (G) and non-aggregated, nanoscale silicon particles (Si), wherein the silicon particles are embedded in a carbon matrix (C). The invention also relates to a method for producing said type of composite, electrode material for lithium ion batteries containing said type of composite and to a lithium ion battery.

Si/G/C-composites for lithium-ion-batteries

Silicon is produced by magnesiothermic reduction of silicon dioxide, wherein to achieve magnesiothermic reduction a reactant mixture is employed which contains silicon dioxide (SiO) and magnesium (Mg) and, as moderators, magnesium oxide (MgO) and silicon (Si), and optionally further moderators.

Processes for producing silicon

A process for selective transvinylation of a reactant carboxylic acid with a reactant vinyl ester to give a product vinyl ester and the corresponding acid of the reactant vinyl ester in the presence of one or more ruthenium catalysts, wherein a) the reactant vinyl ester, the reactant carboxylic acid and the ruthenium catalyst are supplied to a reactor, wherein b) the molar ratio of reactant vinyl ester to reactant carboxylic acid is 1:3 to 3:1, and c) the transvinylation reaction is conducted, d) on completion of the transvinylation reaction, the reactant vinyl ester and the corresponding acid are separated from the reaction mixture by distillation, e) the product vinyl ester is separated by distillation from the bottom product of the distillation, and f) the remaining reaction mixture is recycled into the reactor.

Process for ruthenium-catalysed transvinylation of carboxylic acids

A process for selective transvinylation of a reactant carboxylic acid with a reactant vinyl ester to give a product vinyl ester and the corresponding acid of the reactant vinyl ester in the presence of one or more ruthenium catalysts, wherein a) the reactant vinyl ester, the reactant carboxylic acid and the ruthenium catalyst are supplied to a reactor, and b) the transvinylation reaction is conducted, wherein c) the transvinylation reaction is conducted at a conversion of more than 50%, d) on completion of the transvinylation reaction, the reactant vinyl ester and the corresponding acid are separated from the reaction mixture by distillation, e) the product vinyl ester is separated by distillation from the bottom product of the distillation, and f) the remaining reaction mixture is recycled into the reactor.

The invention relates to a method for separating a mixture containing at least one carboxylic acid vinyl ester of general formula R'&#x2014;C(O)O&#x2014;CH&#x2550;CHand at least one carboxylic acid of general formula R&#x2032;&#x2014;COOH, wherein R&#x2032; in either case can be an aliphatic group having 12 to 22 C atoms or a cycloaliphatic group having 12 to 22 C atoms, or an aromatic group having 12 to 22 C atoms, and R&#x2032; can be identical or different, characterized in that the carboxylic acid is converted to its anhydride R&#x2032;&#x2014;C(O)&#x2014;O&#x2014;C(O)&#x2014;R&#x2032; and the carboxylic acid vinyl ester is subsequently separated.

Method for separating high-boiling carboxylic acid vinyl ester/carboxylic acid mixtures

The invention relates to a method for providing a ruthenium catalyst solution which is active during the transvinylation of a surfactant vinyl ester with a surfactant carboxylic acid, comprising an Ru metal concentration of more than 0.5 wt. % based on the total weight of the ruthenium catalyst solution. The invention is characterized in that a) at least one ruthenium (III) halogenide with at least one inorganic or organic base, at least one surfactant vinyl ester, and at least one surfactant carboxylic acid is reacted at a temperature of 70&#xb0; C. to 170&#xb0; C.; b) the molar ratio of surfactant vinyl ester to surfactant carboxylic acid is 1:1.8 to 1.8:1; and c) the ruthenium (III) halogenide is used in a quantity of &#x3e;0.5 wt. % of Ru metal based on the total weight of the surfactant vinyl ester and surfactant carboxylic acid.

Method for providing an active ruthenium catalyst solution for the transvinylation of carboxylic acids

The invention relates to a process for transvinylation of a carboxylic acid feedstock with a vinyl ester feedstock to obtain a vinyl ester product and the corresponding acid of the vinyl ester feedstock in the presence of one or more ruthenium catalysts, wherein a) the vinyl ester feedstock, the carboxylic acid feedstock and a ruthenium catalyst are fed to the reactor, and b) the transvinylation reaction is carried out, characterized in that a carbonyl-free Ru(III) carboxylate is used as the ruthenium catalyst and in that no carbon monoxide is supplied, c) the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 110 to 170&#xb0; C., d) upon completion of the transvinylation reaction, the vinyl ester feedstock and the corresponding acid are separated from the reaction mixture by distillation, e) the vinyl ester product is separated by distillation from the bottom product of the distillation, and f) the remaining reaction mixture is recycled into the reactor.

Growing community of inventors

Dachau, Germany

Peter Gigler