Energy Development Associates

Peter Carr

Chen H Chi

Philip C Symons

Harry K Bjorkman, Jr

John W Rowan

David J Aller

Alfred F Laethem

Michael C Chi

A method of forming chlorine hydrate is described which generally comprises, combining liquid chlorine with an aqueous liquid, and removing the heat of hydrate formation. This method may also include the steps of mixing the liquid chlorine with the aqueous liquid, and cooling the chlorine hydrate to provide a pressure decrease. However, in accordance with the present invention, no refrigeration of the aqueous liquid is required, as the heat of formation may be released to a substantially room temperature environment.

Formation of dense chlorine hydrate

An improved chlorine producing plant having at least one electrolytic cell adapted to generate chlorine in combination with a zinc-chloride battery stack and electrolyte circulation system is disclosed. Conduit means is provided for permitting the chlorine generated by the battery stack during the charging of the battery stack to supplement the amount of chlorine generated by the electrolytic cell, and for permitting the electrolytic cell to supply chlorine to the battery stack during the discharge of the battery stack. Additionally, power conditioning means may be interposed between the electrolytic cell and the zinc-chloride battery stack for permitting the zinc-chloride battery stack to supplement the supply of electrical power to the electrolytic cell during the discharging of the battery stack. In operation, the zinc-chloride battery stack is charged substantially during off-peak electrical energy consuming hours and discharged substantially during on-peak electrical energy consuming hours. The principals of the present invention are also applicable to chlorine consuming plants having a means for conveying chlorine from a source of chlorine, such as a tank car containing liquified chlorine. A zinc-chloride battery stack is provided in combination with conduit means for permitting the chlorine generated by the battery stack during the charging of the battery stack to supplement the amount of chlorine to the chlorine consuming plant, and for permitting the conveying means to supply chlorine to the battery stack during the discharging of the battery stack.

Zinc-chloride battery in a chlorine producing/consuming plant

A metal halogen battery construction containing a novel reactor means having at least two reaction zones with a reaction initiator device in each zone, whereby the reactor permits controlled recombination of hydrogen gas and halogen gas in the system to form hydrogen halide, which is then dispersed into the aqueous electrolyte of the battery.

Hydrogen/halogen reactor system for metal halogen batteries

A method of removing inert gases from a metal halogen electrolyte battery system in which hydrogen is generated along with other inerts such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and oxygen, said method comprising, pressurizing the gas space above the sump to a preset pressure above ambient, and subsequently venting the hydrogen and other inert gases from the gas space through an absorber means which removes trace quantities of chlorine from the gases.

Inert gas rejection system for metal halogen batteries

A method of minimizing the effect of parasitic currents in secondary batteries having a plurality of cells connected electrically in series and a common electrolyte in communication with the cells is described. Specifically, the parasitic currents flowing through the battery cause a cell imbalance over the charge/discharge cycle. This cell imbalance is minimized by first separating the cells of the battery into two equal groups. Then the battery is charged with the two groups of cells connected electrically in series, and subsequently discharged with the two groups of cells reconnected electrically in series in an inverted sequence.

Method of minimizing the effects of parasitic currents

Described is an electrode assembly comprising;

Control of edge effects of oxidant electrode

Described is a method of activating a carbonaceous electrode comprising the steps;

Activating carbonaceous electrodes

Method for control of edge effects of oxidant electrode

A zinc-chlorine battery system in which chlorine gas evolved from the cell structure of the battery during charging of the battery is combined with a stored supply of water to form solid chlorine hydrate. During the discharge cycle of the battery, the chlorine hydrate is decomposed to replenish the chlorine content of the electrolyte.

Operational zinc chlorine battery based on a water store

A bipolar electrode element has an electrically conductive, chemically inert, generally flat wall having first and second opposing faces, each of the first and second faces having a plurality of spaced, parallel grooves therein with the spaced grooves in the first face being laterally staggered from the spaced grooves in the second face, first and second spaced and substantially parallel electrodes having first edges disposed within first and second respective grooves of said spaced parallel grooves in said first face and extending generally perpendicular from the plane of the inert wall; and a third electrode having a first edge disposed within a groove in said second face and extending generally perpendicular from the plane of the inert wall. A battery stack is obtained by positioning a plurality of the bipolar battery elements such that their electrodes are interdigitated.

Comb type bipolar electrode elements and battery stacks thereof

A circulating electrolyte type battery is disclosed in which the cell containing two electrodes is divided into compartments by a porous separator and in which the outlet lines from the two compartments to the electrolyte storage reservoir have different resistance to electrolyte flow.

Growing community of inventors

Utica, MI, United States of America

Peter Carr