Foster Wheeler Energia Oy

Amec Foster Wheeler Energia Oy

Pertti Kinnunen

Pentti Lankinen

Kari Kauppinen

Matti A Hiltunen

Juha Sarkki

Teemu Nevalainen

A circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a furnace for combusting solid carbonaceous fuel in a fast fluidized bed. A solids separator is adjacent to a sidewall of the furnace and separates solids entrained with exhaust gas discharged via an outlet channel. A gas seal conveys at least a portion of the separated solids to a first fluidized bed heat exchange chamber that is arranged downstream of the gas seal and has internal heat exchange surfaces. A first lift channel has a lower end connected to a bottom portion of the first fluidized bed heat exchange chamber and an upper end connected to an upper end of a first return channel for discharging solids from the first fluidized bed heat exchange chamber and taking the cooled solids to a lower portion of the furnace. A second fluidized bed heat exchange chamber is arranged adjacent to a lower sidewall of the furnace.

Circulating fluidized bed boiler having two external heat exchangers for hot solids flow

A circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a rectangular furnace having multiple particle separators connected to an upper portion of each of a front wall and a back wall of the furnace. Each particle separator includes a gas outlet, and a flue gas duct system connected to the gas outlets for conducting cleaned flue gas to a back pass. The particle separators are arranged in pairs. Each pair includes a front separator arranged adjacent to the front wall and a back separator arranged adjacent to the back wall. The flue gas duct system includes cross over ducts, each duct connecting the gas outlet of a front separator of a pair of particle separators, across and over the furnace, to the gas outlet of the back separator of the same pair of particle separators, and to the back pass, which back pass is arranged on the back wall side of the furnace.

Circulating fluidized bed boiler

A fluidized bed reactor includes a bottom portion, a roof portion, and side walls vertically extending between the bottom portion and the roof portion, forming a reaction chamber of the reactor. At least one side wall of the reaction chamber forms at least one vertical indentation in the reaction chamber, which indentation extends from the plane of the at least one side wall towards the reaction chamber. The indentation extending from the plane of the at least one side wall towards the reaction chamber is formed of a portion of the at least one side wall, protruding from the plane of the at least one side wall towards the reaction chamber, and the portion of the at least one side wall includes at least two substantially vertical indenting wall portions deviating from the plane of the at least one side wall at vertical lines within a distance from each other.

Fluidized bed reactor

A fluidized bed boiler plant and a method of combusting sulfurous fuel in the fluidized bed boiler plant, a furnace of which plant is provided with a fluidized bed of particles. Sulfurous fuel, CaCO-containing sulphur-binding agent and combusting air are introduced to the bed of particles, whereby fuel burns and generates flue gases and the sulphur-binding agent calcinates to CaO and binds SOgenerated in the combustion. Energy is recovered to a heat exchange medium circulating in heat exchange tubes of a condensing heat exchanger arranged in a flue gas channel, and a water solution of acid condensing on outer surfaces is neutralized by mixing it in a mixing vessel to a CaO-containing ash from a plant, preferably, fly ash collected by a dust separator.

Fluidized bed boiler plant and method of combusting sulfurous fuel in a fluidized bed boiler plant

A method of combusting oil shale in a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Fuel, including oil shale, is introduced into a furnace of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, primary oxygenous gas is introduced through a bottom grid of the furnace, and secondary oxygenous gas is introduced to the furnace at a first level above the level of the bottom grid. The primary oxygenous gas is introduced to the furnace at a rate providing below the first level a fluidizing velocity of less than 2.5 m/s, and the primary and secondary oxygenous gases are introduced to the furnace in such a way that a circulating fluidized bed is formed, and the fluidizing velocity at the first level is less than 70% of the fluidizing velocity in the upper portion of the furnace.

Method of combusting oil shale in a circulating fluidized bed boiler

A method of reducing sulfur dioxide emissions of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Sulfur-containing carbonaceous fuel is fed to a furnace of the boiler, and calcium carbonate is fed to the furnace at a rate relative to the first stream such that the molar ratio of calcium in the second stream to sulfur in the first stream is at most about 1.0. The fuel is combined so that the sulfur is oxidized to form sulfur dioxide. The calcium carbonate is calcined to form calcium oxide and the calcium oxide is used to sulfate the sulfur dioxide to form calcium sulfate. Flue gas particles are separated using a hot loop separator, and the separated particles are returned to the furnace. A sulfur-reduction stage downstream of the furnace further reduces the sulfur content of the flue gases.

Method of reducing sulfur dioxide emissions of a circulating fluidized bed boiler

A boiler plant, including a combustion section, a heat exchange section including heat exchange surfaces, arranged above the combustion section and having a flow direction from the bottom upwards, and a stationary supporting structure. The combustion section and the heat exchange section are separate chambers, flexibly joined with each other, and the chambers are each separately hung from their upper part to the stationary supporting structure.

Growing community of inventors

Varkaus, Finland

Pertti Kinnunen