Gm Global Technolgoy Operations, Inc.

Peng Lu

Michael P Balogh

Haijing Liu

Zhiqiang Yu

Joseph F Szczerba

Mei Cai

Xingcheng Xiao

Xiaosong Huang

Fang Dai

Li Yang

Wayne Cai

Bob Ross Powell

Teresa J Rinker

Thomas J Chapaton

Meng Jiang

Daad B Haddad

Eric G Hartnagle

Nicholas P W Pieczonka

Tricia E Neiiendam

Jung Hyun Kim

An electrolyte can be pretreated by contacting with an oxide species (e.g., SiO, SiO, where 1&#x2264;x&#x2264;2, TiO). The electrolyte comprises LiPFand a carbonate solvent. A reaction occurs to form a pretreated electrolyte comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of: MPOF, MPOFCH, and combinations thereof, where when P in the formula is normalized to 1 so that x' is equal to about 1, 0&#x3c;y&#x2264;4, 0&#x3c;z&#x2264;6, 0&#x2264;a&#x2264;3, 0 &#x2264;n&#x2264;20, 0&#x2264;m&#x2264;42, and M is selected from Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, B, Ti, Al, and combinations thereof. Lithium-ion electrochemical cells including lithium titanate oxide (LTO) using such a pretreated electrolyte have reduced reactivity and gas formation.

Methods to stabilize lithium titanate oxide (LTO) by electrolyte pretreatment

Methods of pretreating an electroactive material comprising lithium titanate oxide (LTO) include contacting a surface of the electroactive material with a pretreatment composition. In one variation, the pretreatment composition includes a salt of lithium fluoride salt selected from the group consisting of: lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF), and combinations thereof, and a solvent. In another variation, the pretreatment composition includes an organophosphorus compound. In this manner, a protective surface coating forms on the surface of the electroactive material. The protective surface coating comprises fluorine, oxygen, phosphorus or boron, as well as optional elements such as carbon, hydrogen, and listed metals, and combinations thereof.

Methods to stabilize lithium titanate oxide (LTO) by surface coating

Electrochemical cells that cycle lithium ions are provided. The electrochemical cells have an electrode that includes a silicon-containing electroactive material that undergoes volumetric expansion and contraction during the cycling of the electrochemical cell; and an electrolyte system that promotes passive formation of a flexible protective layer comprising a lithium fluoride-polymer composite on one or more exposed surface regions of the silicon-containing electroactive material. The electrolyte system includes a lithium salt, at least one cyclic carbonate, and two or more linear carbonates. At least one of the two or more linear carbonate-containing co-solvents is a fluorinated carbonate-containing co-solvent. The electrolyte system accommodates the volumetric expansion and contraction of the silicon-containing electroactive material to promote long term cycling stability.

Electrolyte system for silicon-containing electrodes

Systems and methods are provided for controlling a vehicle based on a physiological trait. The method includes: receiving physiological data from one or more physiological sensors; processing the received physiological data, by a processor, to determine one or more physiological conditions; and based on the determined physiological condition, outputting one or more control signals to a vehicle system to control an operation of the vehicle system.

Systems and methods for vehicle system control based on physiological traits

A lithium-ion conducting, solid electrolyte is deposited on a thin, flexible, porous alumina membrane which is placed between co-extensive facing side surfaces of a porous, lithium-accepting, negative electrode and a positive electrode formed of a porous layer of particles of a compound of lithium, a transition metal element, and optionally, another metal element. A liquid electrolyte formed, for example, of LiPFdissolved in an organic solvent, infiltrates the electrode materials of the two porous electrodes for transport of lithium ions during cell operation. But the solid electrolyte permits the passage of only lithium ions, and the negative electrode is protected from damage by transition metal ions or other chemical species produced in the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell.

Thin and flexible solid electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries

A welding assembly includes a sonotrode, cleaning station, and controller. The controller periodically commands clamping of the sonotrode onto the cleaning block, and a transmission of ultrasonic energy into the cleaning block for a calibrated duration sufficient for removing residual amounts of metal from welding pads of the sonotrode. The cleaning block may include an aluminum bar coated with a polymeric material, e.g., porous polyethylene silica or alumina composite. A thin sacrificial layer of an anti-adhesion material, e.g., colloidal silica, may be periodically applied to the welding pads, particularly after a transition from welding a first metal to welding a second metal. The sacrificial layer may be applied via a sponge, a saturated surface, or spraying.

Elimination of tool adhesion in an ultrasonic welding process

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Troy, MI, United States of America

Peng Lu