Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus Vtt Oy

Neste Oil Oyj

Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus

Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus Vtt

Neste Oyj

Pekka Simell

Esa Kurkela

Matti Reinikainen

Ilkka Hiltunen

Kristian Melin

Marjut Suomalainen

Sami Toppinen

Isto Eilos

Matti Putkonen

Johanna Kihlman

Sebastian Johansson

Muhammad Qureshi

Elmeri Pienihaekkinen

Elmeri Pienihäkkinen

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a hydrocarbons product from plastic containing material, wherein the plastic containing material is subjected into a pyrolysis reactor, steam is fed into the pyrolysis reactor, and the plastic containing material is pyrolyzed in the presence of the steam by using a catalytic pyrolysis with a mildly acidic catalyst comprising at least aluminium oxide, aluminium silicate, zirconium oxide or their combinations to convert the plastic containing material to the hydrocarbon product comprising wax. Further, the invention relates to the use of the product obtained by the method.

Method and apparatus for producing hydrocarbon product and use

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from plastic containing material, wherein the plastic containing material () is subjected into a pyrolysis reactor (), steam () is fed into the pyrolysis reactor, and the plastic containing material is pyrolyzed with the steam by using a catalytic pyrolysis with a basic catalyst to convert the plastic containing material to a product () comprising hydrocarbons. Further, the invention relates to the use of the product obtained by the method.

Method and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons and use

An apparatus for purifying gas where gas is treated in a multistage treatment having at least two ejector stages, a motive medium including liquid, steam or gaseous agent at high pressure injected by an ejector of the ejector stage, and the gas is sucked into the same ejector and mixed with the motive medium for forming a mixture, at least a part of gas and/or liquid phase of the mixture is supplied to a second ejector stage having so that a second motive medium which includes liquid, steam or gaseous agent is injected to the ejector and the gas and/or the liquid phase is sucked into the same ejector in which the gas and/or liquid phase is mixed with the second motive medium for forming a second mixture, at least one of the mixtures includes an additive for removing impurities of the gas, and a purified gas is formed.

Apparatus for purifying gas

A method and apparatus for purifying gas where gas is treated in a multistage treatment having at least two ejector stages, a motive medium including liquid, steam or gaseous agent at high pressure injected by an ejector of the ejector stage, and the gas is sucked into the same ejector and mixed with the motive medium for forming a mixture, at least a part of gas and/or liquid phase of the mixture is supplied to a second ejector stage having so that a second motive medium which includes liquid, steam or gaseous agent is injected to the ejector and the gas and/or the liquid phase is sucked into the same ejector in which the gas and/or liquid phase is mixed with the second motive medium for forming a second mixture, at least one of the mixtures includes an additive for removing impurities of the gas, and a purified gas is formed.

Method and apparatus for purifying gas

Provided is a method forming a catalytic nanocoating on a surface of a metal plate, wherein the method comprises pretreating the surface of the metal plate by means of heat treatment at 500-800&#xb0; C., forming a metaloxide support by washcoating on the surface of the metal plate, and coating the surface of the metal plate by depositing catalytically active metals and/or metaloxides on the metaloxide support by means of an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method in order to form a thin and conformal catalyst layer on the metal plate. Further, the invention relates to a catalyst and a use.

Method for forming catalytic nanocoating

Provided is a method and apparatus for producing a hydrocarbon fraction. The hydrocarbon fraction is formed from biomass based synthesis gas, the synthesis gas is fed through at least two catalyst layer, the first catalyst layer includes Fe-based catalyst, the second catalyst layer includes Co-based catalyst, and the synthesis gas is treated by supplying the synthesis gas through the first and second catalyst layers in order to form a hydrocarbon composition including the hydrocarbon fraction. Further, provided is a hydrocarbon fraction and its use.

Method and apparatus for producing a hydrocarbon fraction and a hydrocarbon fraction and its use

Method of producing a hydrocarbon composition in which a biomass raw-material is gasified to produce a raw syngas containing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, the hydrogen-to-carbon monoxide ratio being about 0.5 to 1.7. A part of the impurities is removed to produce a clean syngas which is fed into a Fischer-Tropsch reactor where a significant part of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen is converted to a hydrocarbon composition containing C-Chydrocarbons. A hydrocarbon composition is recovered which mainly contains hydrocarbons which are solid or semisolid at ambient temperature and pressure and an off-gas of the Fischer-Tropsch reactor, including hydrocarbons which are gaseous at ambient temperature and pressure, is used for producing hydrogen gas. By introducing hydrogen into the clean syngas, the hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio can be increased and by using off-gas-produced hydrogen, the capacity of the process is significantly improved.

Method of producing a hydrocarbon composition

A method of reforming a gasification gas, in order to decompose the impurities contained therein, and a use of a noble metal catalyst in the pre-reforming of gasification gas. The gas is brought into contact with a metal catalyst in the presence of an oxidizing agent. The reformation is carried out in several stages, wherein in at least one of the first stages a noble metal catalyst is used, and in a second stage which follows the first stage the catalyst used is a metal catalyst. The use of a noble metal catalyst can reduce the risk of deactivation of the metal catalysts and can increase the operating life of the catalyst.

Method of reforming gasification gas

The invention relates to a method of reforming a gas containing tarry impurities, such as the gasification gas obtained by gasifying a fuel. In the method, oxygen or an oxygenous gas () is added to a gas flow (), after which the gas is brought into contact with a solid catalyst () at a high temperature. According to the invention, the reformation takes place in stages so that, in the first pre-reforming stage, the gas is brought into contact with a zirconium-based catalyst (), such as zirconium oxide, for example, and, in the next stage, with a metal catalyst (), such as metallic nickel. The two-stage reformation is used for preventing the deactivation of the metal catalyst and the formation of carbon deposits in the reforming reactor. The invention also includes the use of the zirconium compound in pre-reforming the tar-bearing gas to achieve the said goals.

Multiple stage method of reforming a gas containing tarry impurities employing a zirconium-based catalyst

The invention relates to a method for the purification of gasification gas obtained from a carbonaceous material. The purification is carried out by adding oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas to the gasification gas and by contacting the gas mixture with a solid catalyst. According to the invention the catalyst contains at least one zirconium compound, such as zirconium oxide, which is used in particulate form as such or, for example, combined with an inert, honeycomb-structured support. By the purification, ammonia and organic tarry impurities can be removed from the gas simultaneously.

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Espoo, Finland

Pekka Simell