Neste Oy

Upm-kymmene Corporation

Upm-kymmene Oyj Corporation

Kemira Oy

Neste Oil Oyj

Fortum Oil & Gas Oy

Pekka Knuuttila

Jaakko Nousiainen

Petri Kukkonen

Jukka Hietala

Pekka Jokela

Arto Rissanen

Eeva-Liisa Lakomaa

Hilkka R Knuuttila

Andrea Gutierrez

Heli Laumola

Outi Krause

Tuomo Suntola

Teemu Lindberg

Aila Ali-Hokka

Suvi P Haukka

Markku Leskelä

Pekka Aalto

Sven Lindfors

Marina Lindblad

Rami Piilola

Eija Koivusalmi

Salme Koskimies

Harri Hokkanen

Simo Jokinen

Jukka-Pekka Nieminen

Leila Lahtinen

Erkki Halme

Vesa-Pekka Judin

Ulf Hotanen

Lars Peter Lindfors

Juhatuomas Vuorisalo

Simo Salanne

Anja Linna

Arla Kytokivi

Ari Lehtonen

Marko Fabritius

Reijo Sillanpaa

Steven Gust

Arla Kyt&ouml;kivi

Jyrki Hiltunen

Jatta Partanen

The invention relates to the use of biomethanol from the pulp industry in the production of biohydrogen. The preferred biomethanol comprises purified biomethanol derived from black liquor. The invention also relates to a process for the production of biohydrogen from crude biomethanol recovered from black liquor and to a process for producing hydrocarbon biofuel using such biohydrogen as a hydrogen source. The invention further relates to a biofuel production facility for producing fuel from biohydrogen and biohydrocarbon, and to biofuel so produced. The invention makes it possible to produce a biofuel, wherein 100% of the raw material stems from non-fossil sources.

Use of methanol in the production of hydrogen and fuel, processes and plants for the production of hydrogen and fuel

A process for catalytically converting crude tall oil into hydrocarbons suitable as biofuel components. The crude tall oil is treated in a reactor system including a catalytically active guard bed phase and a catalytically active main reaction phase. At least one of the phases includes a catalyst bed with a combination of hydrodeoxygenating (HDO) and hydrodewaxing (HDW) catalysts. The process provides biofuel with acceptable ignition and cold flow properties.

Process for producing biofuel and biofuel components

The present invention relates to a process for producing mixture of fuel components, which process comprises providing a feed of biological origin; subjecting said feed of biological origin and a hydrogen gas feed to a single step of hydroprocessing in the presence of a catalyst system comprising dewaxing catalyst to form a mixture of fuel components. The present invention relates also to an apparatus for producing a mixture of fuel components from a feed of biological origin. The invention relates also to the use of the fuel components.

Process and apparatus for producing fuel from a biological origin through a single hydroprocessing step in the presence of a NiW catalyst

The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing hydrocarbon components in the presence of a hydrodesulphurization catalyst. The components obtained by the process are suitable for use as fuel composition as such or as an additive in fuel compositions, and in cosmetics or pharmaceutical products.

Process and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons by hydrogenating a terpene feed

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing liquid hydro carbonaceous product () such as biofuel from solid biomass (). The method comprises a gasifying step for gasifying solid biomass () in a gasifier () to produce raw synthesis gas (), conditioning of the raw synthesis gas () to purify the raw synthesis gas () to obtain purified synthesis gas () having a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide between 2.5 to 1 and 0.5 to 1, preferably to between 2.1 to 1 and 1.8 to 1, more preferably about 2 to 1, and subjecting purified synthesis gas () to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor () to produce liquid hydro carbonaceous product ().

Method and apparatus for producing liquid biofuel from solid biomass

The invention relates to a process for producing hydrocarbon components, comprising: providing a feedstock comprising tall oil and terpene-based compounds; subjecting the feedstock and a hydrogen gas feed to a hydroprocessing treatment in the presence of a hydroprocessing catalyst to produce hydrocarbon components including n-paraffins, and subjecting the hydrocarbon components including n-paraffins to isomerisation in the presence of a dewaxing catalyst to form a mixture of hydrocarbon components. The invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing the process. The invention further relates to a use of the hydrocarbon components produced by the process as a fuel or as an additive in fuel compositions. The invention also relates to a use of a NiW catalyst on a support selected from AlO, zeolite, zeolite-AlO, and AlO&#x2014;SiOfor producing fuel or an additive for fuel compositions from a feedstock comprising tall oil and terpene-based compounds.

Process and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from feed-stocks comprising tall oil and terpene-compounds

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas () from biomass (). The method comprises a step for producing raw product gas (), and a purifying step comprising several processing steps performed in gas processing means () for converting the raw product gas () to synthesis gas (). One processing step is a carbon dioxide removal step for separating carbon dioxide from the stream of raw product gas () in a gas processing means comprising a gas purificator (). The method comprises a step for feeding a stream of the carbon dioxide () from the gas purificator () to at least one part of the apparatus, said at least one part of the apparatus being selected from: the biomass supply system (), the gasifier () and at least one of the gas processing means ().

Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas from biomass

The present invention relates to a process for catalytically converting material of biological origin into hydrocarbons useful as fuel components. The process includes hydrodeoxygenation and isomerization of the material. The present invention relates also to a reactor and an apparatus suitable for use in the process.

Process and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons

A method for preparing fuel components from crude tall oil. Feedstock containing tall oil including unsaturated fatty acids is introduced to a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation to convert unsaturated fatty acids, rosin acids and sterols to fuel components. Crude tall oil is purified in a purification by washing the crude tall oil with washing liquid and separating the purified crude tall oil from the washing liquid. The purified crude tall oil is introduced directly to the catalytic hydrodeoxygenation as a purified crude tall oil feedstock. An additional feedstock may be supplied to the catalytic hydrodeoxygenation.

Method and apparatus for preparing fuel components from crude tall oil

Treatment of waste water from a biomass-to-liquid process, said process comprising producing synthesis gas from biomass and conversion of said synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons by a Fisher-Tropsch process. The waste waters obtained are purified in common with waste waters from another industrial process to which said biomass-to-liquid process is integrated, such as in forestry, power and/or heat generation, waste incineration or a process in a metal-, petrochemical and/or oil refining industry. The biomass-to-liquid. process and said another industrial process may have a common feed water process unit, a common cooling water process unit and a common waste water treatment unit. The waste water treatment process may comprise a biological purification process and said Fischer-Tropsch process may utilize a cobalt catalyst. An integrated factory comprising a biomass-to-liquid plant and another industrial facility in which both plants are connected to a common waste water treatment facility is also described.

Waste water treatment from a biomass-to-liquid process comprising synthesis gas production and integrated factory facility

The invention relates to a process for producing base oils, comprisings the steps where feedstock selected from ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters of carboxylic acids and anhydrides of carboxylic acids, alpha olefins, metal salts of carboxylic acids and corresponding sulphur compounds, corresponding nitrogen compounds and combinations thereof, is subjected to a condensation step and subsequently subjected to a combined hydrodefunctionalization and isomerization step.

Process for producing branched hydrocarbons

The invention relates to a process and to an apparatus for preparing a heterogeneous catalyst having at least one catalytically active species bound to the surface of a support material. According to the process, the surface of the support is first pretreated. A catalyst reagent containing the catalytically active species or its precursor is vaporized and the vapor is routed into a reaction chamber where it is brought to interact with the support material. The catalyst reagent not bound to the support is withdrawn from the reaction chamber in gaseous form. If necessary, the species bound to the support is posttreated in order to convert it into a catalytically active form. According to the invention, the amount of catalyst reagent brought into the reaction chamber is at least equal to, preferably in excess of the number of available binding sites on the surface. The temperature of the support of kept higher than the condensation temperature of the vapor and at the same time at a sufficiently high level to attain the thermal activation energy needed for forming bonds between the active species and the support. By binding the catalytically active species in this way to the support it is possible to provide a heterogeneous catalyst having a high activity even at small amounts of the active species.

Process and apparatus for preparing heterogeneous catalysts

The present invention concerns a method for preparing heterogeneous catalysts. According to the method, preparation is carried out under such process conditions in which the bonding of compounds from the gas phase onto the surface of a support material is primarily determined by the properties of the support surface. The constituents contained in the reagent are then selectively bonded to the bonding sites of the support material surface, thus forming stable surface bonds. According to the invention, the number of surface-bond sites available for preparing a stable product with surface bonds is controlled by varying the reaction temperature and/or selecting a suitable reagent. The invention makes it possible to control the metal content of the end product at a predetermined level.

Method for preparing heterogeneous catalysts of desired metal content

The present invention concerns a heterogeneous catalyst particularly suited to the metathetic reactions of olefins in liquid or gas phase. Such a catalyst generally includes catalytically active species of tungsten on an inorganic support. The catalyst in accordance with the invention is prepared by vaporizing a precursor of tungsten, such as tungsten oxychloride or hexachloride and then routing the vapor of the tungsten-containing reagent into a reaction space, where the vapor is brought to interaction with the support material at approximately 160.degree. to 500.degree. C. The vapor pressure of the tungsten-containing reagent is kept sufficiently high, and the duration of interaction with the support sufficiently long, to keep the amount of the reagent at least equal to the number of available bonding sites of the support, whereby the bonding of the tungsten-containing reagent to the support surface is determined by the surface properties of the support. The catalyst can be posttreated after its preparation to modify its catalytic activity. The specific activity of the catalytic metal species of the catalyst according to the invention is high.

Catalyst for metathetic reactions of olefins

The invention relates to a catalyst to be utilized in the metathesis reactions of olefines, the catalyst comprising an after-treated tungsten complex containing diol ligands and hydrocarbon ligands, which are benzenes substituted with a lower alkyl group. The invention also relates to a method for preparing a heterogenous catalyst to be used in the metathesis reaction of olefines as well as to a metathesis process for the conversion of olefines.

Catalyst for metathesis reactions of olefines and a method for preparing

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Porvoo, Finland

Pekka Knuuttila