Apple Inc.

E Ink Corporation

Alien Technology Corporation

Lg Display Co., Ltd.

Other

Ruizhang Technology Limited Company

Paul Stephen Drzaic

Fletcher R Rothkopf

Hoon Sik Kim

Joseph M Jacobson

Scott A Myers

Yung-Yu Hsu

Peter T Kazlas

Stephen Brian Lynch

Jonathan D Albert

Benjamin M Rappoport

Ian D Morrison

Karl Raymond Amundson

John Patrick Ternus

Barrett O Comiskey

Andrew L Loxley

Gregg Michael Duthaler

Mark Alfred Hadley

Daniel D Sunshine

Libing Zhang

Kathryn P Crews

Russell J Wilcox

Barrett Comiskey

David M Kindlon

Kenneth David Schatz

Daniel A Podhajny

Anna-Katrina Shedletsky

Jean-Pierre Simon Guillou

Jeremy C Franklin

Erik G De Jong

Paolo Sacchetto

Chieh-Wei Chen

Shih Chang Chang

Dinesh C Mathew

Wei Chen

Victor H Yin

Chaohao Wang

Young Bae Park

Brett W Degner

Adam T Garelli

Jonathan S Steckel

Andrew P Ritenour

Joshua G Wurzel

Gordon S W Craig

David W Lum

Bartley K Andre

Mikael M Silvanto

John Z Zhong

Wei Hsin Yao

Jerrold Von Hauck

Guy Cote

Jun Qi

Chris A Ligtenberg

Ron Alan Hopkinson

Chun-Yao Huang

Bryan W Posner

Ian C Hendry

Derek William Wright

Christopher D Jones

Christopher P Tann

Michelle Rae Goldberg

Holly G Gates

Szu-Hsien Lee

Jae Won Choi

Arthur L Spence

Douglas Joseph Weber

Teodor Dabov

Vasudha Gupta

Sunggu Kang

Michael L Steiner

Saemleenuri Lee

Sangcheon Youn

Marc Joseph DeVincentis

Mahdi Farrokh Baroughi

Kuo-Hua Sung

Xin Zhao

Terry L Gilton

Michael G Hack

Tsung-Ting Tsai

Chin-Wei Lin

Hopil Bae

Stephen Robert McClure

Thomas Henry Whitesides

Brian Richards Land

Robert Waverly Zehner

Christopher Schultz

Abbas Jamshidi Roudbari

Guy Danner

Ramin Samadani

Giovanni M Agnoli

Warren S Rieutort-Louis

Marc Albrecht

Sheng Zhang

Yang Li

Hao Chen

Prashant Mandlik

Que Anh S Nguyen

Michael D McCreary

Nicolas P Bonnier

ByoungSuk Kim

Michael J Brown

Display structures and methods of operation with micro light emitting diode (LED) sidewall gating are described. In an embodiment, a display structure includes a vertically oriented micro LED mounted on a display substrate, in which the micro LED includes a p-n diode with top and bottom electrode sides, and a sidewall gate electrode spanning a sidewall of the p-n diode where the active layer is included. In various embodiments, a bias may be applied to the sidewall gate electrode while driving the micro LED to deplete a minority carrier concentration from the sidewall of the p-n diode.

Active / passive control of micro LED performance through sidewall gating

An electronic device may have a hinge that allows the device to be flexed about a bend axis. A display may span the bend axis. To facilitate bending about the bend axis without damage, the display may include a display cover layer with a flexible portion. The flexible portion of the display cover layer may be interposed between first and second rigid portions of the display cover layer. The display cover layer may also include a layer with self-healing properties. The layer of self-healing material may be formed across the entire display cover layer or may be formed only in the flexible region of the display cover layer. The display cover layer may include a layer of elastomer in the flexible region of the display cover layer for increased flexibility. Self-healing may be initiated or expedited by externally applied heat, light, electric current, or other type of external stimulus.

Electronic devices with flexible display cover layers

Systems, methods, and devices are provided in which photodetectors disposed throughout a display are used to control the display brightness. The photodetectors are to be used for ambient light sensing, proximity sensing, or to compensate for aging OLEDs. In some embodiments, photodiodes are fabricated with OLEDs during the TFT fabrication process. In some embodiments, the photodetectors may be disposed throughout the display in zones containing OLEDs. The photodetectors are used to control the display brightness and color for the OLEDs in areas around each photodetector based on ambient light, aging, and/or nearby objects. A controller makes driving strength adjustments to the OLEDs in each zone independent of other zones. Photodetectors disposed throughout the display may improve proximity sensing and provide additional functionality to the device.

Organic light emitting diode display having photodiodes

Methods and structures are described to facilitate the transfer of device layer coupons with controlled vertical position. In an embodiment, a plurality of device layer coupons is bonded to a receiving substrate with an adhesive layer, where distance between front surfaces of the plurality of device layer coupons and a bulk layer of the receiving substrate is controlled by a plurality of rigid mechanical spacers.

Methods for die-to-wafer device layer transfer with precise control of device layer vertical position

Optical components such as components that emit light and components that detect light may be provided. Optical components that emit light may include displays having arrays of display pixels with respective light-emitting devices such as crystalline semiconductor light-emitting diodes. Optical components that detect light may include image sensors or other components with arrays of photodetectors. The light-emitting devices and photodetectors in the optical components may be overlapped by metalenses such as multielement metalenses. A multielement metalens may have a first metalens element formed from a first layer of nanostructures arranged and an overlapping second metalens element formed from a second layer of nanostructures. Light sources may be provided on a semiconductor and metalens nanostructures may be formed on an opposing surface of the semiconductor.

Electronic device with stacked metasurface lenses

An electronic device is provided with a display and a light sensor that receives light that passes through the display. The display includes features that increase the amount of light that passes through the display. The features may be translucency enhancement features that allow light to pass directly through the display onto a light sensor mounted behind the display or may include a light-guiding layer that guides light through the display onto a light sensor mounted along an edge of the display. The translucency enhancement features may be formed in a reflector layer or an electrode layer for the display. The translucency enhancement features may include microperforations in a reflector layer of the display, a light-filtering reflector layer of the display, or a reflector layer of the display that passes a portion of the light and reflects an additional portion of the light.

Electronic devices with light sensors and displays

In devices with flexible displays, multilayer adhesive stacks may be included. A multilayer adhesive may attach a flexible display panel to the display cover layer in an electronic device. Including multiple layers of adhesive in the adhesive stack (as opposed to a single layer) provides more degrees of freedom for the tuning and optimization of the properties of the adhesive stack. The multilayer adhesive stack therefore has better performance than if only a single layer of adhesive is used. The multilayer adhesive stack may include one or more layers of soft adhesive, hard adhesive, hard elastomer, hard polymer, and/or glass to optimize the mechanical and optical performance of the multilayer adhesive stack. Soft adhesive layers may be included to optimize lateral decoupling (e.g., during folding and unfolding) of the adhesive stack. Harder layers may be included to provide rigidity and prevent denting during impact events.

Electronic devices with multilayer adhesive

A flexible display in a foldable electronic device may have a display cover layer and display panel that bend around a bend axis. The display panel may have an array of pixels configured to display an image through the display cover layer. The pixels may be formed from thin-film display circuitry that is supported by a flexible display panel substrate. The flexible substrate may be supported by a display support plate that bends about the bend axis. The display may be configured to allow attachment of the display panel substrate to the display support plate while helping to prevent undesired localized deformation of the thin-film display circuitry.

Electronic devices with deformation-resistant displays

A fabric-based item may include fabric layers and other layers of material. An array of electrical components may be mounted in the fabric-based item. The electrical components may be mounted to a support structure such as a flexible printed circuit. The flexible printed circuit may have a mesh shape formed from an array of openings. Serpentine flexible printed circuit segments may extend between the openings. The electrical components may be light-emitting diodes or other electrical devices. Polymer with light-scattering particles or other materials may cover the electrical components. The flexible printed circuit may be laminated between fabric layers or other layers of material in the fabric-based item.

Fabric-based items with electrical component arrays

A foldable electronic device may have a foldable housing. The foldable housing may be configured to bend about a bend axis. First and second portions of the housing that rotate relative to each other may be coupled by a hinge that is aligned with the bend axis. A foldable display may be coupled to the foldable housing and may be configured to bend along the bend axis as the foldable housing is folded. The display may have an array of pixels supported by a metal layer. The pixels may be interposed between a display cover layer and the metal layer. The foldable housing may have a support layer. To help support the display for bending about the bend axis while preventing damage to the display when the display is contacted by an external object, a spring layer may be interposed between the metal layer and the support layer.

Electronic devices with flexible displays

An electronic device display may have pixels formed from crystalline semiconductor light-emitting diode dies, organic light-emitting diodes, or other pixel structures. The pixels may be formed on a display panel substrate. A display panel may extend continuously across the display or multiple display panels may be tiled in two dimensions to cover a larger display area. Interconnect substrates may have outwardly facing contacts that are electrically shorted to corresponding inwardly facing contacts such as inwardly facing metal pillars associated with the display panels. The interconnect substrates may be supported by glass layers. Integrated circuits may be embedded in the display panels and/or in the interconnect substrates. A display may have an active area with pixels that includes non-spline pixels in a non-spline display portion located above a straight edge of the display and spline pixel in a spline display portion located above a curved edge of the display.

Electronic devices with borderless displays

A display may include light-emitting components such as light-emitting diodes on a transparent substrate. Conductive signal paths between the light-emitting components, driver integrated circuits for controlling the light-emitting components, and the light-emitting components themselves may be opaque. To mitigate diffraction artifacts caused by the opaque components, the opaque footprint of the display may be selected to include non-periodic portions. The non-periodic portions increase randomness and reduce periodicity within the opaque footprint, which mitigates perceptible diffraction artifacts when viewing the display. One or both of the component mounting portions and interconnect portions of the opaque footprint may be non-periodic. The component mounting portions may have random shapes. The interconnect portions may follow random paths between the component mounting portions.

Displays with non-periodic opaque structures

Protective cover layers for electronic devices are described. In an embodiment, an electronic device includes a display panel and a protective cover layer over the display panel. The protective cover layer includes a transparent support substrate and a hardcoat layer covering an exterior facing surface of the transparent support substrate. The display panel may be a flexible display panel and the protective cover layer may flex with the flexible display panel.

Hybrid coverlay/window structure for flexible display applications

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods to control brightness or color in foldable displays. An electronic device may include a foldable electronic display and processing circuitry. The foldable electronic display may have a first part and a second part that are foldable at a folding angle with respect to one another. The processing circuitry may provide image data to the foldable electronic display that varies based at least in part on the folding angle.

Methods for color or luminance compensation based on view location in foldable displays

Growing community of inventors

Morgan Hill, CA, United States of America

Paul Stephen Drzaic