Haynes International, Inc.

Cabot Corporation

Paul Crook

Richard D Zordan

Vinay P Deodeshmukh

Aziz I Asphahani

Steven J Matthews

David A Metzler

Narasi Sridhar

Nacera Sabrina Meck

Martin L Caruso

Ajit Mishra

Ramanathan Krishnamurthy

Nacera S Meck

A wrought-able, cobalt-based alloy is disclosed which has extraordinary resistant to high speed/self-coupled sliding wear. This alloy contains about 0.83 wt. % nickel, about 0.125 wt. % nitrogen, about 26.85 wt. % chromium, about 4.58 wt. % molybdenum, about 2.33 wt. % tungsten, about 2.97 wt. % iron, about 0.84 wt. % manganese, about 0.27 wt. % silicon, about 0.065 wt. % carbon, and about 0.11 wt. % aluminum, with the balance cobalt plus impurities.

Cobalt-chromium alloy resistant to high speed/self-coupled sliding wear

In a method for making a wrought nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy having homogeneous, two-phase microstructures the alloy in ingot form is subjected to a homogenization treatment at a temperature between 2025&#xb0; F. and 2100&#xb0; F., and then hot worked at start temperature between 2025&#xb0; F. and 2100&#xb0; F. The alloy preferably contains 18.47 to 20.78 wt. % chromium, 19.24 to 20.87 wt. % molybdenum, 0.08 to 0.62 wt. % aluminum, less than 0.76 wt. % manganese, less than 2.10 wt. % iron, less than 0.56 wt. % copper, less than 0.14 wt. % silicon, up to 0.17 wt. % titanium, less than 0.013 wt. % carbon, and the balance nickel.

Method for producing two-phase Ni&#x2014;Cr&#x2014;Mo alloys

A nickel-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy resistant to 70% sulfuric acid at 93&#xb0; C. and 50% sodium hydroxide at 121&#xb0; C. for acid and alkali neutralization in the field of waste management; the alloy contains, in weight percent, 27 to 33 chromium, 4.9 to 7.8 molybdenum, 3.1 to 6.0 wt. % copper (when chromium is between 30 and 33 wt. %) or 4.7 to 6.0 wt. % copper (when chromium is between 27 and 29.9 wt. %), up to 3.0 iron, 0.3 to 1.0 manganese, 0.1 to 0.5 aluminum, 0.1 to 0.8 silicon, 0.01 to 0.11 carbon, up to 0.13 nitrogen, up to 0.05 magnesium, up to 0.05 rare earth elements, with a balance of nickel and impurities. Titanium or another MC carbide former can be added to enhance thermal stability of the alloy.

Acid and alkali resistant Ni&#x2014;Cr&#x2014;Mo&#x2014;Cu alloys with critical contents of chromium and copper

A nickel&#x2014;chromium&#x2014;molybdenum&#x2014;copper alloy resistant to 70% sulfuric acid at 93&#xb0; C. and 50% sodium hydroxide at 121&#xb0; C. for acid and alkali neutralization in the field of waste management; the alloy contains, in weight percent, 27 to 33 chromium, 4.9 to 7.8 molybdenum, 3.1 to 6.0 wt. % copper (when chromium is between 30 and 33 wt. %) or 4.7 to 6.0 wt. % copper (when chromium is between 27 and 29.9 wt. %), up to 3.0 iron, 0.3 to 1.0 manganese, 0.1 to 0.5 aluminum, 0.1 to 0.8 silicon, 0.01 to 0.11 carbon, up to 0.13 nitrogen, up to 0.05 magnesium, up to 0.05 rare earth elements, with a balance of nickel and impurities. Titanium or another MC carbide former can be added to enhance thermal stability of the alloy.

A nickel-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy resistant to 70% sulfuric acid at 93&#xb0; C. and 50% sodium hydroxide at 121&#xb0; C. for acid and alkali neutralization in the field of waste management; the alloy contains, in weight percent, 27 to 33 chromium, 4.9 to 7.8 molybdenum, greater than 3.1 but no more than 6.0 copper, up to 3.0 iron, 0.3 to 1.0 manganese, 0.1 to 0.5 aluminum, 0.1 to 0.8 silicon, 0.01 to 0.11 carbon, up to 0.13 nitrogen, up to 0.05 magnesium, up to 0.05 rare earth elements, with a balance of nickel and impurities.

Acid and alkali resistant nickel-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloys

A nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy, capable of withstanding both strong oxidizing and strong reducing 2.5% hydrochloric acid solutions at 121&#xb0; C., contains 20.0 to 23.5 wt. % molybdenum and 13.0 to 16.5 wt. % chromium with the balance being nickel plus impurities and residuals of elements used for control of oxygen and sulfur.

Hybrid corrosion-resistant nickel alloys

A nickel-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy that is resistant to sulfuric acid and wet process phosphoric acid contains in weight percent 30.0 to 35.0% chromium, 5.0 to 7.6% molybdenum, 1.6 to 2.9% copper, up to 1.0% manganese, up to 0.4% aluminum, up to 0.6% silicon, up to 0.06% carbon, up to 0.13% nitrogen, up to 5.1% iron, up to 5.0% cobalt, with the balance nickel plus impurities.

Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu alloys resistant to sulfuric acid and wet process phosphoric acid

A nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy that is thermally stable and resistant to wet process phosphoric acid and chloride induced localized attack contains in weight percent 31.0 to 34.5% chromium, 7.0 to 10.0% molybdenum, up to 0.2% nitrogen, up to 3.0% iron, up to 1.0% manganese, up to 0.4% aluminum, up to 0.75% silicon, up to 0.1% carbon with the balance nickel plus impurities.

Ni-Cr-Mo alloys resistant to wet process phosphoric acid and chloride-induced localized attack

The C-type nickel base alloys of the type containing significant amounts of chromium (about 16 to 25%) and molybdenum (about 12 to 18%) may be improved by adding small but critical amounts of copper (about 1 to 3.5%) which their general corrosion resistance to a wide range of both oxidizing and non-oxidizing industrial media.

Copper-containing Ni-Cr-Mo alloys

Disclosed is a cobalt-base alloy that has a valuable combination of both corrosion- and wear-resistant properties. The alloy nominally contains, in percent by weight, 25.5 chromium, 8.5 nickel, 3.0 iron, 5 molybdenum, 2 tungsten, 0.40 silicon, 0.75 manganese, 0.06 carbon, 0.08 nitrogen and the balance cobalt plus normal impurities normally found in alloys of this class. The alloy may also contain copper and certain 'carbide formers' (i.e., columbium, tantalum, titanium, vanadium and the like) to tie up excess carbon and/or nitrogen that may be present.

Corrosion-and-wear-resistant cobalt-base alloy

Disclosed is an iron-base alloy eminently suited for use as components in nuclear energy installations. The alloy normally contains, in percent by weight, about 20% chromium, about 10% nickel, about 5.5% silicon, about 1.5% carbon, about 8% niobium plus vanadium, about 0.05% nitrogen, less than 1% cobalt as an impurity and the balance iron plus normal impurities found in alloys of this class.

Nuclear grade steel articles

Disclosed is a 'duplex' stainless steel especially suited for use in conditions requiring a high degree of wear and corrosion resistance; for example structural fasteners, such as nuts and bolts as used in chemical processing. The alloy typically contains, in weight percent, 12 cobalt, 20 chromium, 11 nickel, 5 silicon, 1.5 molybdenum, 2 copper, up to 0.2 nitrogen and up to 0.01 carbon. The 'duplex' structure preferably consists of about 30% ferrite and the balance essentially austenite.

Corrosion- and wear-resistant duplex steel

Nuclear grade steels

A high chromium stainless steel especially suited for use as wear (galling) resisting components, for example, valve parts. A typical alloy generally contains chromium, nickel, silicon, carbon, an effective cobalt content and the balance iron plus normal impurities. The alloy may be produced in the form of castings, P/M products, hardfacing and welding materials and wrought mill products.

Wear-resistant stainless steel

Disclosed is a cobalt-base superalloy containing about 32% cobalt, 8% nickel, 26.5% chromium, 2.5% tungsten, 5% niobium, about 1% each manganese and silicon, about 0.4% carbon, and the balance about 23% iron plus incidental impurities and modifiers normally found in alloys of this class. The alloy is readily processed in the form of wrought products, castings, metal powder and all forms of welding and hardfacing materials. The outstanding characteristics of the new alloy include the resistance to cavitation erosion and galling, low cost and minimal use of strategic metals.

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Paul Crook