Sandia Corporation

Xerox Corporation

National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC

University of Washington

The United States of America As Represented by the Department of Energy

Paul Charles Galambos

Mark S Derzon

George J Roller

Arthur M Gooray

Kevin R Zavadil

Richard C Givler

Murat Okandan

Joseph Michael Crowley

Frank J Peter

Gilbert L Benavides

Ronald Francis Renzi

Mark R Holl

Fred K Forster

Bernhard Hans Weigl

Kenneth A Peterson

Randy J Shul

Robert D Watson

John A Emerson

Rachel Knudsen Giunta

Phillip Harris Paul

Paul Yager

Anthony L Lentine

James P Brody

James H Smith

James Joe Allen

Leonard M Carreira

Stephen Montague

Conrad D James

Randolph R Kay

Brandon R Rohrer

Liam D Claus

Thomas W Krygowski

Deepesh K Kholwadwala

Jeffrey W Lantz

Sean Yen

David Lee Zamora

Christopher A Nichols

Thomas B Crenshaw

Jerome F Jakubczak, Ii

Erik E Nishida

Damon J Burnett

Christi Gober Willison

Brent T Meyer

Gwendolyn Hummel

Robin B Jacobs-Gedrim

Gilbert V Herrera

Keith Ortiz

Marcel Philippe Breton

Raymond W Wong

Jeffry Joseph Sniegowski

Ronald P Manginell

Barry Louis Spletzer

Eric Altendorf

Christine E Bedford

Michael Baker

Nathan J Price

Andrew Kamholz

Clinton G Hobart

Alex Robinson

Gabriel A Johnston

Gregory Robert Bogart

Margaret A Kenny

W Kent Schubert

Khalid Mikhiel Hattar

Caicai Wu

William M Lindenfelser

Carlton F Brooks

Diane M Zebert

Andrew Jay Leenheer

Jason W Wheeler

Dale L Hetherington

Michael Shaw

Sean J Hearne

Bernhard Jokiel, Jr

Markku Juhani Koskelo

Katherine L Jungjohann

Subhash L Shinde

William Mook

Gregory Hixson

David Schutte

D Russell Humphreys

Darin C Graf

Aaron Powledge

Christi Willison Gober

Claire Chisholm

Lorenzo Gutierrez

Kenneth R Pohl

Chris J Bourdon

Joseph M Crowley, Jr

Nigel Reuel

Troy A Lionberger

Ronald P Kensek

Mary-Anne Mitchell

Mark A Grohman

Thomas Kerr Lemp

Jerome F Jakubczak Ii

A maze-based switch generally having three functional blocks is disclosed. The first functional block handles communications by accepting an entered maze pattern from an external system controller and outputting the entered maze pattern (and optionally its directional complement) to the second functional block. The second functional block stores the maze pattern (and optionally its directional complement) to a permanent storage element and outputs the stored, entered maze pattern and its directional complement to a series of transistors in the third functional block. The third functional block is an electronic maze in which a correct maze pattern and its directional complement must be received by the transistors for the transistors to pass electrical power through the electronic maze to a connected element. The third functional block may alternatively be implemented with optical elements, optoelectronic elements, microelectromechanical elements, or elements formed by other microsystem technologies.

Solid-state information pattern discriminating switch

A system, method, and algorithm for detecting and identifying special nuclear material (SNM) (including fissionable material), explosives, or drugs is disclosed. This material detection system relies on active interrogation of material using a short, intense neutron pulse, and characterization of the resulting prompt gamma response in two short time windows, the first concurrent with and the second immediately following the end of the neutron pulse, optionally subject to a total transit delay time of the neutrons from the neutron source to the target and from the target to the gamma detector. A high data rate analysis system implements data stream analysis and statistical correlations of the two short time window gamma responses to rapidly detect or identify SNM, explosives, or drugs. The duration of the neutron pulse is so short that minimal dose results. Various shields help to minimize the background signal falling on the gamma detector to improve sensitivity.

System, algorithm, and method using short pulse interrogation with neutrons to detect and identify matter

A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device can be used for quantitative mechanical testing of materials within a controlled (chemical and temperature) environment, with the ability for electrochemical control to the specimen, that is coupled with a complimentary in-situ characterization technique.

Active mechanical-environmental-thermal MEMS device for nanoscale characterization

Apparatus for detecting radiation includes a sensor medium disposed within a cavity in a silicon-based substrate. An electrode arrangement is provided for collecting charge generated within the sensor medium by interactions with impinging radiation and drifted through the sensor medium. The electrode arrangement is constituted, in part, by a silicon portion of the substrate that is doped to increase its electrical conductivity and that defines part of the cavity wall.

Compact radiation detector

An apparatus for detecting radiation is provided. In embodiments, at least one sensor is disposed on a surface of a wafer-like substrate. At least one sensor medium is fixed relative to the substrate, optically or electrically coupled to the sensor, and separated from the sensor by no more than the substrate thickness. An electronic signal-processing circuit is connected to the sensor and configured to produce an output when the sensor is stimulated by a product of an interaction between the sensor medium and impinging radiation. The sensor is configured to collect, from the sensor medium, charge and/or light produced within the sensor medium by interactions with impinging radiation.

A radiation generator useful for medical applications, among others, is provided. The radiation generator includes a catheter; a plasma discharge chamber situated within a terminal portion of the catheter, a cathode and an anode positioned within the plasma discharge chamber and separated by a gap, and a high-voltage transmission line extensive through the interior of the catheter and terminating on the cathode and anode so as to deliver, in operation, one or more voltage pulses across the gap.

Catheterized plasma X-ray source

The various technologies presented herein relate to a sensor for measurement of high forces and/or high load shock rate(s), whereby the sensor utilizes silicon as the sensing element. A plate of Si can have a thinned region formed therein on which can be formed a number of traces operating as a Wheatstone bridge. The brittle Si can be incorporated into a layered structure comprising ductile and/or compliant materials. The sensor can have a washer-like configuration which can be incorporated into a nut and bolt configuration, whereby tightening of the nut and bolt can facilitate application of a compressive preload upon the sensor. Upon application of an impact load on the bolt, the compressive load on the sensor can be reduced (e.g., moves towards zero-load), however the magnitude of the preload can be such that the load on the sensor does not translate to tensile stress being applied to the sensor.

Silicon force sensor and method of using the same

Silicon force sensor

A directional neutron detector has an ion chamber formed in a dielectric material; a signal electrode and a ground electrode formed in the ion chamber; a neutron absorbing material filling the ion chamber; readout circuitry which is electrically coupled to the signal and ground electrodes; and a signal processor electrically coupled to the readout circuitry. The ion chamber has a pair of substantially planar electrode surfaces. The chamber pressure of the neutron absorbing material is selected such that the reaction particle ion trail length for neutrons absorbed by the neutron absorbing material is equal to or less than the distance between the electrode surfaces. The signal processor is adapted to determine a path angle for each absorbed neutron based on the rise time of the corresponding pulse in a time-varying detector signal.

Compact ion chamber based neutron detector

A neutron detector with monolithically integrated readout circuitry, including: a bonded semiconductor die; an ion chamber formed in the bonded semiconductor die; a first electrode and a second electrode formed in the ion chamber; a neutron absorbing material filling the ion chamber; and the readout circuitry which is electrically coupled to the first and second electrodes. The bonded semiconductor die includes an etched semiconductor substrate bonded to an active semiconductor substrate. The readout circuitry is formed in a portion of the active semiconductor substrate. The ion chamber has a substantially planar first surface on which the first electrode is formed and a substantially planar second surface, parallel to the first surface, on which the second electrode is formed. The distance between the first electrode and the second electrode may be equal to or less than the 50% attenuation length for neutrons in the neutron absorbing material filling the ion chamber.

Ion chamber based neutron detectors

Various technologies described herein pertain to a micro gas-puff based source of neutrons, x-rays, and/or energetic particles. The micro gas-puff based source can generate plasma, which can emit neutrons, x-rays, and the like. The micro gas-puff based source includes a diode, which further includes an anode and a cathode. Further, a chamber is between the anode and the cathode. Moreover, a MEMS gas supply can inject a puff of gas between the anode and the cathode within the chamber, where the MEMS gas supply shapes the puff of gas to form a quasispherical density profile of gas created in various of geometries. Further, a pulsed power supply applies a voltage across the anode and the cathode to cause compression of the puff of gas to form the plasma.

Micro gas-puff based source

Systems and methods for combining dielectrophoresis, magnetic forces, and hydrodynamic forces to manipulate particles in channels formed on top of an electrode substrate are discussed. A magnet placed in contact under the electrode substrate while particles are flowing within the channel above the electrode substrate allows these three forces to be balanced when the system is in operation. An optical detection scheme using near-confocal microscopy for simultaneously detecting two wavelengths of light emitted from the flowing particles is also discussed.

Portable dual field gradient force multichannel flow cytometer device with a dual wavelength low noise detection scheme

A dielectrophoretic columnar focusing device uses interdigitated microelectrodes to provide a spatially non-uniform electric field in a fluid that generates a dipole within particles in the fluid. The electric field causes the particles to either be attracted to or repelled from regions where the electric field gradient is large, depending on whether the particles are more or less polarizable than the fluid. The particles can thereby be forced into well defined stable paths along the interdigitated microelectrodes. The device can be used for flow cytometry, particle control, and other process applications, including cell counting or other types of particle counting, and for separations in material control.

Dielectrophoretic columnar focusing device

Footwear comprises a sole and a plurality of sealed cavities contained within the sole. The sealed cavities can be incorporated as deformable containers within an elastic medium, comprising the sole. A plurality of micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensors are respectively contained within the sealed cavity plurality, and can be adapted to measure static and dynamic pressure within each of the sealed cavities. The pressure measurements can provide information relating to the contact pressure distribution between the sole of the footwear and the wearer's environment.

Micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensor for footwear

Growing community of inventors

Albuquerque, NM, United States of America

Paul Charles Galambos