Neste Oy

Fortum Oil & Gas Oy

Outi Krause

Tapani Pakkanen

Leila Alvila

Matteus Joutsimo

Pekka Knuuttila

Hilkka R Knuuttila

Tuomo Suntola

Eeva-Liisa Lakomaa

Hanneli Seppanen

Tapani Venalainen

Suvi P Haukka

Sven Lindfors

Petri Lindqvist

Marina Lindblad

Juha Jakkula

Jukka Hietala

Juhani Aittamaa

Harri Hokkanen

Matti Koskinen

Lars Peter Lindfors

Antti Pyh&auml;lahti

Arla Kyt&ouml;kivi

Reetta Karinen

Pipsa Hirva

Jyrki Ignatius

Mauri Sourander

Juha Linnekoski

The invention relates to process for dimerizing olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock, to hydrocarbon compositions and to fuel components produced by the process. According to the invention, fresh olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock is fed to a reaction zone of a system including at least one reaction zone and at least one distillation zone. The olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock is contacted with an acidic catalyst in the presence of an oxygenate at conditions in which at least a part of the olefins dimerizes. The effluent from the reaction zone is conducted to the distillation zone where dimerized reaction product is separated from effluent, and at least one flow comprising oxygenate is withdrawn from the side of at least one distillation column. The flow is circulated from distillation zone back to dimerization. The reaction mixture is recovered and optionally hydrogenated to form a parafinic reaction product.

Process for producing a fuel component

The invention relates to a process and to an apparatus for preparing a heterogeneous catalyst having at least one catalytically active species bound to the surface of a support material. According to the process, the surface of the support is first pretreated. A catalyst reagent containing the catalytically active species or its precursor is vaporized and the vapor is routed into a reaction chamber where it is brought to interact with the support material. The catalyst reagent not bound to the support is withdrawn from the reaction chamber in gaseous form. If necessary, the species bound to the support is posttreated in order to convert it into a catalytically active form. According to the invention, the amount of catalyst reagent brought into the reaction chamber is at least equal to, preferably in excess of the number of available binding sites on the surface. The temperature of the support of kept higher than the condensation temperature of the vapor and at the same time at a sufficiently high level to attain the thermal activation energy needed for forming bonds between the active species and the support. By binding the catalytically active species in this way to the support it is possible to provide a heterogeneous catalyst having a high activity even at small amounts of the active species.

Process and apparatus for preparing heterogeneous catalysts

The present invention concerns a method for preparing heterogeneous catalysts. According to the method, preparation is carried out under such process conditions in which the bonding of compounds from the gas phase onto the surface of a support material is primarily determined by the properties of the support surface. The constituents contained in the reagent are then selectively bonded to the bonding sites of the support material surface, thus forming stable surface bonds. According to the invention, the number of surface-bond sites available for preparing a stable product with surface bonds is controlled by varying the reaction temperature and/or selecting a suitable reagent. The invention makes it possible to control the metal content of the end product at a predetermined level.

Method for preparing heterogeneous catalysts of desired metal content

The present invention concerns a process for the etherification of olefins. According to the process, an olefin or a mixture of olefins is reacted with an alcohol or a mixture of alcohols in the presence of a catalyst. According to the invention, a catalyst is used which comprises a grafted polymer fiber, there being functional groups attached to the grafted polymer fiber. By means of the invention it is possible to speed up the etherification process of, in particular, heavier ethers.

Process for the etherification of olefins

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of a catalyst for water gas and hydroformylation reactions, which catalyst includes as active components a ruthenic carbonyl and a heterocyclic base on a solid carrier. The catalyst is formed by one or more successive reactions in which the ruthenic carbonyl is fixed from a gas phase onto the carrier and the heterocyclic base is fixed onto the carrier either from a gas phase in the same was as in the case of the ruthenic carbonyl, or from a solution or melt of the heterocyclic base.

Method for the preparation of a catalyst for water gas and

The present invention concerns a catalyst system and a process for selectively producing alcohols from olefines and synthesis gas. The catalyst system comprises one or several metal cluster compounds belonging to the cobalt group on an inorganic carrier and an amine of the form NR.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3, where R.sub.1,R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are either hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

Catalyst system and process for producing alcohols from olefines and

Procedure for producing alcohols and aldehydes from alkenes and

Catalyst for polymerization of .alpha.-olefines, comprising an organoaluminum compound, an electron donor, as well as a solid catalyst component which is obtained when a compound containing magnesium reacts with a titanium halogen compound. A method for producing the catalyst is also provided. The catalyst component is manufactured by reacting with a titanium halogen compound in the presence of an internal electron donor, a solid catalyst component which has been produced by the steps of

Method of polmerizing olefines

Catalyst for polymerization of .alpha.-olefines, comprising an organoaluminum compound, an electron donor, as well as a solid catalyst component which is obtained when a compound containing magensium reacts with a titanium halogen compound. A method for producing the catalyst is also provided. The catalyst component is manufactured by reacting with a titanium halogen compound in the presence of an internal electron donor, a solid catalyst component which has been produced by the steps of

Catalysts for polymerizing olefines and method for the preparation

A two step process for producing isobutylene from propylene and synthesis gas. In the first step, propylene is contacted with synthesis gas at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst system containing a mixture of monometal compounds M.sub.4 (CO).sub.12 and M'.sub.4 (CO).sub.12 and/or bimetal compound M.sub.2 M'.sub.2 (CO).sub.12 where M and M' are different metals of the cobalt group. The alcohol mixture thus-obtained is dehydrated in the second step, to produce a product fraction containing a large amount of isobutylene.

Two step process for producing isobutylene from propylene and sythesis

A catalyst for directly converting olefins to alcohols by hydroformylation in a single step, the catalys comprising a mixture of two monometal cluster compounds M.sub.4 (CO).sub.12 and M'.sub.4 (CO).sub.12 where M and M' are compounds of the cobalt group.

Catalyst for producing alcohol from olefins by hydroformylation

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Sipoo, Finland

Outi Krause