Sumitomo Electric Industries, Limited

Brother Kogyo Kabushiki-kaisha

The Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated

Tokai Electric Wire Company, Ltd.

Fukami Patent Office

Sumitomo Electric Company, Limited

The Toyko Electric Power Company, Incorporated

Noriyuki Yoshida

Satoshi Takano

Noriki Hayashi

Kenichi Takahashi

Tsukushi Hara

Kenji Miyazaki

Shigeru Okuda

Takahiko Yamamoto

Kiyoshi Okaniwa

Hideo Ishii

Chikao Yamashita

Takao Sugaya

Kousou Fujino

Shinji Inazawa

Akira Mizoguchi

Jun Shioya

Yoichi Yamaguchi

Nori Inoue

Yasuharu Moriai

Atushi Sakatani

Naoji Fujimori

Kenichi Sato

Hideo Itozaki

Shuji Yazu

Takahiro Imai

Saburo Tanaka

Tetsuji Jodai

Keizo Harada

Kazuo Sawada

Nobuhiko Fujita

Takafumi Uemiya

Yutaka Fukuda

Yoshio Ito

Yoshimi Asai

Misako Osoegawa

Kengo Okura

Sekiya Yamazaki

A membrane switch comprising a pair of electrode plates and a spacer separating the plates, wherein the operating force required to operate the membrane switch by pressing it with a rod having a hemispherical tip with a radius of curvature of 5 mm is within the range of 0.03 to 0.2 kg. The spacer is in the form of a film, the film has through holes, and the aperture ratio of the through holes is 50% or above. The effect is that a membrane switch exhibiting no malfunction, negligible variation in the operating force, and excellent in durability can be obtained.

Membrane switch and production method thereof

A thin film strongly orienting specific crystal axes is deposited on a polycrystalline or amorphous base material in accordance with laser deposition in a simpler device through a simpler process. A target is irradiated with a laser beam, for forming a thin film in accordance with laser ablation of depositing a substance scattered from the target on a base material. In order to form the thin film, prepared are conditions capable of forming a film orienting a specific crystal axis substantially perpendicularly to the base material in substantially parallel arrangement of the target and the base material. Under the conditions, a film is deposited on the base material which is inclined at a prescribed angle .theta. with respect to the target. It is possible to deposit a film strongly orienting a specific crystal axis in a plane substantially parallel to the base material surface by inclining the base material under the specific film forming conditions.

Method of forming single-crystalline thin film

Disclosed herein is an apparatus for manufacturing an oxide superconducting film employing laser ablation method. This apparatus has a thin film forming chamber having a laser-transparent laser entrance window, a target being provided in the thin film forming chamber and containing components of an oxide superconductor, a laser beam source for irradiating the target with a laser beam from the exterior of the thin film forming chamber through the laser entrance window, and apparatus for controlling power of the laser beam which is applied to the target for preventing the power of the laser beam, being applied to the target, from reduction by contamination of the entrance window caused by scattered particles. According to the present invention, it is possible to form an oxide superconducting film having high and uniform characteristics even if a long time is required for film formation, thereby attaining a remarkable effect in improvement of superconductivity of a large area oxide superconducting film.

Oxide superconducting film manufacturing apparatus

An oxide superconducting film is formed using laser deposition of applying an excimer laser beam (1, 21) onto a target (3, 23) through a converging lens (2, 22) and depositing atoms and/or molecules scattered from the target (3, 23) on the base material (5). The converging lens (2) is prepared by a cylindrical lens, or the converging lens (22) is moved, so that a portion (4, 25) irradiated with the laser beam (1, 21) on the target (3, 23) is linearized. Thus, it is possible to form an oxide superconducting film which is homogeneous over a region having a relatively large area on the base material (5) not only in film thickness but also in property.

Method of fabricating oxide superconducting films by laser deposition

An apparatus for manufacturing an oxide superconducting film employing laser ablation method having a thin film forming chamber having a laser-transparent laser entrance window, a target being provided in the thin film forming chamber and containing components of an oxide superconductor, a laser beam source for irradiating the target with a laser beam from the exterior of the thin film forming chamber through the laser entrance window, and a controller for controlling power of the laser beam which is applied to the target for preventing the power of the laser beam, being applied to the target, from reduction by contamination of the entrance window caused by scattered particles. According to the present invention, it is possible to form an oxide superconducting film having high and uniform characteristics even if a long time is required for film formation, thereby attaining a remarkable effect in improvement of superconductivity of a large area oxide superconducting film.

Disclosed herein is a method of forming a single-crystalline thin film having excellent crystallinity on a base material without depending on the material for and crystallinity of the base material. In this method, a base material is provided thereon with a mask which can prevent chemical species contained in a vapor phase from adhering to the base material. The base material is continuously moved along arrow A, to deliver a portion covered with the mask into the vapor phase for crystal growth. Thus, a thin film is successively deposited on the portion of the base material, which is delivered from under the mask, from the vapor phase. A crystal growth end is formed on a boundary region between a portion of the base material which is covered with the mask and that which is exposed to the vapor phase, so that a crystal having the same orientation as the growth end is grown on a portion of the base material newly exposed by the movement.

In a method of preparing an oxide superconducting thin film having a composition of Y-Ba-Cu-O, for example, using laser ablation, which comprises the steps of applying a laser beam to a target containing components of an oxide superconductive material and depositing particles, being thereby scattered from the target, on a substrate, the oxygen gas flow rate during film deposition is set to be at least 50 SCCM, the oxygen gas pressure during film deposition is set to be 10 to 1000 mTorr, the distance between a target 9 and a substrate 10 is set to be 40 to 100 mm, the temperature of the substrate 10 is set to be 600.degree. to 800.degree. C., the energy density of a laser beam 7 on the surface of the target 9 is set to be at least 1 J/cm.sup.2, and the laser pulse energy is set to be at least 10 mJ.

In-situ laser ablation method for forming oxide superconducting films

In order to enable formation of a smooth and dense oxide superconducting film with no clear appearance of grain boundaries in a fine structure even at a high film forming rate, a laser ablation method is employed to apply a laser beam 2 to a target 1 containing components of an oxide superconductive material and deposit particles, which are thus scattered from the target 1, on a substrate 3, while gaseous oxygen is supplied from a gaseous oxygen inlet 7 toward laser plasma 6, which is generated by the application of the laser beam 2.

Method of and apparatus for preparing oxide superconducting film

A lock stitch machine that has a liquid crystal display screen capable of displaying pages respectively containing choices, instruction messages and guidance messages; a display controller for controlling the liquid crystal display according to the operation of control switches to display a desired page and to permit the selection of a desired choice contained in the displayed page; a task selection switch for selecting one of the choices contained in the page displayed on the liquid crystal display; and a page scrolling switch for scrolling the pages displayed on the liquid crystal display. The pages displayed on the liquid crystal display are scrolled sequentially by operating the page scrolling switch, and choices including kinds of workpieces, types of seams and kind of work contained in the pages are selected by operating the task selection switch. If trouble occurs, a troubleshooting page containing measures to eliminate the trouble can be displayed on the liquid crystal display. Thus, most operations for operating the lock stitch machine can be carried out without consulting the operation manual.

Programmed lock stitch sewing machine having display

In order to enable formation of a smooth and dense oxide superconducting film with no clear appearance of grain boundaries in a fine structure even at a high film forming rate, a laser ablation method is employed to apply a laser beam 2 to a target 1 containing components of an oxide superconductive material and deposit particles, which are thus scattered from the target 1, on a substrate 3, while gaseous oxygen is supplied from a gaseous oxygen inlet 7 toward laser plume 6, which is generated by the application of the laser beam 2, and to a portion of the target irradiated with said laser.

Method of preparing oxide superconducting films by laser ablation

A method of manufacturing a superconducting ceramics elongated body by forming a longitudinally continuous superconducting layer on at least a part of the surface of a flexible ceramics elongated substrate by evaporation under the presence of oxygen ions.

Method for forming superconducting ceramics elongated body

In order to prepare an elongated oxide superconducting material which exhibits a high critical current density, a tape-type substrate (7) of silver, for example, formed by unidirectional solidification is prepared and an excimer laser beam (9) is applied to target (8) of an oxide superconductor to deposit atoms and/or molecules being scattered from the target (8) on the substrate (7), thereby forming an oxide superconducting film on the substrate (7).

Laser ablation method of preparing oxide superconducting films on

In a sewing machine having a remote battery powered foot pedal control, that communicates with the sewing machine proper via a wireless signal, a monitoring system that periodically monitors the status of the battery and provides that information from the foot pedal control, along with speed instructions, to the sewing machine proper. A display on the sewing machine informs the operator when battery change time is approaching and when replacement is urgently needed. If the battery is not replaced when replacement is urgent, the sewing machine ceases operations.

Sewing machine having a wireless controller

A method of forming a superconducting circuit comprises the steps of preparing a ceramics body which is changed from a non-superconductive phase not superconducting at the working temperature into a superconducting phase superconducting at the working temperature by heat treatment and performing the heat treatment on a part of the ceramics body by applying a laser beam to the ceramics body to change the same into the superconductive phase, thereby to form a superconducting circuit consisting of the superconductive phase and the non-superconductive phase on the ceramics body.

Method of forming superconducting circuit

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Osaka, Japan

Noriyuki Yoshida