Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Norbert Muller

Hans-Joachim Henkel

Berthold Wolfram

Jurgen Schweiger

Helmut Ehringer

Ultrasonic monitoring system for the interior of a motor vehicle

A monitoring system for monitoring window panes of an interior of a space or chamber having a plurality of window panes and lateral and/or upper and/or lower walls surrounding the window panes, such as an interior of a motor vehicle to be monitored for intruders, includes at least one microphone configuration for detecting vibrations typically produced when a pane is broken. The microphone configuration is fastened in the interior and/or to at least one of the walls of the space in each case without mechanical contact with the window panes to be monitored, in such a way that the respective microphone configuration can receive essentially only the vibrations transmitted by the air in the interior. The number of the microphone configurations used to detect acoustic vibrations typically produced when a pane is broken and transmitted by the air in the interior is less than the number of window panes and/or door panes and/or roof panes to be monitored for pane breakage.

Monitoring system for monitoring the window panes of an interior, for

The invention relates to electric insulation with a polyolefin base for medium and high voltage from about 10 kV up. In insulation of this type the formation of so-called water trees is to be prevented on the one hand and on the other hand, the dielectric losses are to be kept as low as possible. For this purpose it is provided that silicic acid prepared in the following manner is added to the insulation: SiO.sub.2 -containing mineral substances are melted with additions of aluminum oxide, boron oxide and carbonates and/or oxides of alkali and earth-alkali metals to form a homogeneous glass phase; from the glass melt, glass bodies with a large surface are made; the glass bodies are subjected to a leaching process with mineral acid; the porous SiO.sub.2 bodies produced are washed and dried and optionally milled. The electric insulation according to the invention is particularly well suited for use in cables and wires.

Electric insulation with a silicic acid additive made by a melt process

The invention relates to an electrical insulation composition of a polyolefin, which can be used for medium and high voltage from about 10 kV and which resists effectively and permanently the formation of so-called water trees. The insulative polyolefin contains an inorganic oxide additive, in homogeneous distribution therewith, at a concentration of 0.05 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. The additive is absorption-active for heavy metal ions and/or binds heavy metal ions in an ion exchange, with a particle size of up to 50 um or an agglomerate size of up to 100 um. It can be silica, alumina, hydrated alumina or an aluminum silicate. The electrical insulation according to the invention is particularly well-suited for use in cables and wires.

Electrical insulation

The invention relates to electrical insulation material of a polyolefin composition with a phosphate additive which prevents the formation of so-called water trees. The phosphate additive may be a water-soluble alkali or earth-alkali phosphate and/or a hydrolysable phosphoric acid ester (RO).sub.3 PO, wherein at least one of the substituents R is an aliphatic radical and the remaining substituents may be hydrogen or an aliphatic radical. The electrical insulation according to the invention is suited particularly for use in cables and wires.

Electrical insulation I

The invention relates to electric insulation of polyolefin suitable for medium and high voltage from about 10 kV which resists the formation of so-called water trees. For this purpose, the insulation contains as an additive at least one alcoholate of magnesium, calcium or aluminum. The electric insulation according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in cables and wires.

Electric insulation

The invention relates to electrical insulation material of a polyolefin composition containing an additive which prevents the formation of so-called water trees. Barbituric acid compounds are the additives and include barbituric acid, 2-thiobarbituric acid or substituted barbituric or thiobarbituric acid derivatives. The electrical insulation according to the invention is suited particularly for use in cables and wires.

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Erlangen, Germany

Norbert Muller