Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho

Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho

Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

K.k. Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho

Nobuyuki Mori

Takayuki Aoyama

Mizuho Inagaki

Yujiro Oshima

Taro Aoyama

Masatoshi Yamada

Akinori Saito

Katsuhiko Sugiyama

Kazuhiro Kozuka

Shinji Suzuki

Kizo Hayakawa

Atsushi Kawamoto

Yoshio Watanabe

Yoshio Kadokawa

Kimihiko Yasuda

Hirotoshi Yoshizaki

Kazumi Nakashima

Yasuhiro Kawabata

In a crankshaft of an in-line four-cylinder engine, an arm that is closest to a flywheel has a greater average thickness in a direction of the rotation axis of the crankshaft than those of other arms. Two of the arms that are coupled to both sides of the third journal from the flywheel each have a center of gravity closer to its own counterweight compared to the centers of gravity of the arms that face the two arms with corresponding crankpins in between. Accordingly, the rigidity against torsional deformation and the thickness of oil films on the journals are reliably maintained while suppressing increase in the weight of the entire crankshaft.

Crankshaft of in-line four-cylinder engine

Local observer frame LOC which is located near a body and moving on a global coordinate system is used for locally observing the body together with the global coordinate system. The rigid body displacement and elastic vibration of the body are represented by rigid body modes and elastic modes respectively, and analyzed by modal analysis uniformly handling these rigid body modes and elastic modes.

Body displacement and vibration analysis method

A direct injection internal combustion engine of a compression ignition type in which portions of an injected fuel spray which have not been evaporated are prevented from striking the walls of the combustion chamber, and the fuel spray is prevented from catching up the air around it when moving in the combustion chamber, thereby providing an engine having reduced combustion noise, reduced amount of smoke and noxious emissions, and improved fuel economy. A combustion chamber is formed in the piston substantially in the form of a spherical cavity gradually narrowing towards the opening of the cavity at the top surface of the piston. An air intake mechanism swirls intake air supplied to the combustion chamber. A swirl injector injects a fuel spray substantially in the form of a hollow cone having a velocity component in a direction tangential of the central axis of the nozzle. The nozzle is offset from the central axis of the cavity and inclined with respect to the central axis of the cavity so that the fuel spray is injected in a forward direction of a swirl stream of intake air in the cavity.

Direct injection internal combustion engine of compression ignition type

In a fuel injection type internal combustion engine including a cylinder body with a cylinder chamber, a cylinder head, a piston adapted to be reciprocated within the cylinder chamber, an injection nozzle having its central axis inclined with respect to the top of the piston and its injection port offset from the center of the cylinder chamber, and a combustion chamber cavity opened in the top of the piston, an auxiliary cavity defined by a notched wall having complicatedly cut surfaces is formed in the opening portion of the combustion chamber cavity. The notched wall is formed in a manner to follow the conical surface of a cone, in response to the piston travel, the cone having as its apex a point located upstream of the injection port, as its center the central axis of the injection nozzle, and as its apex angle the maximum spray diverging angle of the injection nozzle. With this structure, the collision of injected fuel against the combustion chamber cavity wall is prevented while minimizing the reduction in the compression ratio of the engine.

Fuel injection type internal combustion engine

A low-vibration steering device for use on industrial vehicles comprising a steering shaft rotatably supported at its lower end by a gearbox and connected to a steering wheel at its upper end, a tubular steering column enclosing the steering shaft with an annular spacing left between the inside diameter of the steering column and the outside diameter of the steering shaft, a steering column clamp secured to a chassis frame of the vehicle and holding the steering column at a portion above its middle portion, a flexible vibration shutoff member disposed between a lower end portion of the steering column and a portion of the steering shaft near its lower end to support the said lower end portion by said portion near said lower end, and an oil-impregnated bearing interposed between an upper end portion of the steering column and a corresponding upper end portion of the steering shaft and having a greater rigidity than the flexible member. The flexible member may be disposed between a lower end portion of the steering column and the gearbox to connect the former with the latter. The configuration of the flexible member is determined so that an elastic constant thereof is kept comparatively small while a load applied thereto due to a radial movement of the lower portion of the steering column relative to the steering shaft is small, but the constant becomes large when the load exceeds a preset limit.

Low-vibration steering device

Growing community of inventors

Nagoya, Japan

Nobuyuki Mori