Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Noboru Ito

Sadao Mizuno

Shinichi Tanaka

Hideki Hayashi

Munehisa Ikoma

Yuichi Watanabe

Eiji Kadouchi

Kanji Takata

Megumi Kinoshita

Yoshiaki Komma

Kenichi Nishiuchi

Hidenori Wada

Nobuyasu Morishita

Kenichiro Urairi

Yasuko Hoshina

Takashi Ishida

Hiroshi Inoue

Shinji Hamada

Kohei Suzuki

Shunji O'Hara

Yohei Hattori

Miho Okamoto

The present invention employs non-woven fabrics of an olefin resin comprising first filaments having diameters in a range of 3 to 10 &mgr;m as a main component and second filaments having diameters in a range of 20 to 40 &mgr;m contained at {fraction (1/200)} to {fraction (1/10)} of the whole filaments, as separators for separating positive electrodes from negative electrodes. The first filaments are formed by splitting the second filaments.

Alkaline storage battery

Voltage monitoring units are connected in parallel to each of battery modules constituting a battery pack, and they measure the voltages; photocouplers which receive outputs of the units as the primary inputs generate secondary outputs which are electrically insulated from the primary inputs; and the secondary outputs are transmitted to an external control apparatus.

Monitoring apparatus for a series assembly of battery modules

A sealed alkaline storage battery of the present invention employs a non-woven fabric having a double-layer structure of a dense and sparse layers as a separator to separate a positive electrode from a negative electrode, the sparse layer facing the negative electrode and being lower than the dense layer in fiber density.

Sealed alkaline storage battery

An optical head for reproducing data from first and second optical disks which are different from each other in at least one of a base material thickness and an available wavelength, includes: a first light source for emitting a first light beam, the first light beam being used for reproducing data from the first optical disk: an optical system designed to converge the first light beam onto the first optical disk in accordance with a base material thickness and an available wavelength of the first optical disk: and a second light source for emitting a second light beam, the second light beam being used for reproducing data from the second optical disk, wherein an optical path length between the second light source and the optical system is different from an optical path length between the first light source and the optical system, and wherein the optical system converges the second light beam onto the second optical disk.

Optical head for reproducing data from first and second optical disks

A sealed secondary cell maintaining enclosed property and battery performance for a long period in a wide range of environments of use including high temperature, high humidity, and vibration is presented. A terminal pole is composed of a current collector, a flange with a flat top surface, and a pole formed on the flange upper surface projecting at right angle, a rotation arresting portion of the terminal pole is formed by the flange and lower side of a lid, an annular packing is disposed between the flange upper surface and lid lower side so as to surround the pole, an annular pressing spring is pressed in from above the pole, the annular packing interposed between the flange upper surface and lid lower side is compressed in the vertical direction by the elastic force of the annular pressing spring, the annular pressing spring is stopped on the outer circumferential edge of the pole at a position for sealing and fixing the terminal pole in the lid, and thereby the battery jar is enclosed.

Sealed secondary cell

A sealed alkaline storage battery with a long cycle life is disclosed, in which an inadequate adjustment between some of the electrode plates in a cell and the difference in the deterioration resulting from the difference in the heat dissipating abilities of the plates in the cell has been obviated. The storage battery comprises an electrode group configured by piling up a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes alternately with separators interposed therebetween, wherein the capacities of the respective negative electrodes are larger than those of the adjacent positive electrodes, except for the negative electrodes positioned at both ends of the electrode group. The capacities of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes in the central part of the electrode group are larger than those of the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes located closer to both ends of the electrode group.

A multi-layer optical disk includes a plurality of recording layers and each recording layer is composed of a first layer and a second layer having respective transmission indices of T1A and T2A with respect to a disk irradiation beam intensity A and having respective transmission indices of T1B and T2B with respect to a disk irradiation beam intensity B such that T1A.times.T2A=T1B.times.T2B. The interval between one recording layer and another recording layer is at least 10 times as long as a wavelength of an optical source providing the disk irradiation beams. Furthermore, the first and second layers may have respective thicknesses of H1 and H2 and respective refractive indices of N1A and N2A with respect to a disk irradiation beam intensity A and have respective refractive indices of N1B and N2B with respect to an irradiation beam intensity B such that N1A.times.H1+N2A.times.H2=N1B.times.H1+N2B.times.H2.

Optical recording/reproducing apparatus for high density multilayered

Optical head and optical data recording and reproducing apparatus having

Condition managing system of storage battery for a movable body

In a method of detecting deterioration of a battery pack consisting of a series assembly of a plurality of battery modules during charging, on the basis of a voltage difference between a plurality of battery modules, deterioration detection is inhibited until a predetermined capacity is charged after starting of the charge. Also, in a detection apparatus for deterioration in a battery pack according to the present invention, a deterioration reference discharge voltage value which should correspond to a discharge current value and a temperature value is calculated on the basis of reference data, and the deterioration reference discharge voltage value is compared with an actual discharge voltage value to judge whether deterioration occurs or not.

Apparatus for detecting battery pack deterioration during discharge mode

A battery pack is charged while being cooled by passing forced air therethrough. During charging, battery temperature and air temperature of air exhausted from the battery modules by the forced air cooling process are measured, and the difference between the battery temperature and the air temperature is calculated. The difference is added to an amount of change of the battery temperature per unit time to obtain a rate of change of battery temperature. When the rate of change exceeds a predetermined value, charging of the battery pack is controlled. In this manner, the battery temperature rise is correctly detected so that the battery pack can be fully charged without being damaged.

Charge control apparatus for battery pack which uses rate of change of

A multi-layer optical disk includes a plurality of recording layers and each recording layer is composed of a first layer and a second layer having respective transmission indices of T1A and T2A with respect to a disk irradiation beam intensity A and having respective transmission indices of T1B and T2B with respect to a disk irradiation beam intensity B such that T1A.times.T2A =T1B.times.T2B. The interval between one recording layer and another recording layer is at least 10 times as long as a wavelength of an optical source providing the disk irradiation beams. Furthermore, the first and second layers may have respective thicknesses of H1 and H2 and respective refractive indices of N1A and N2A with respect to a disk irradiation beam intensity A and have respective refractive indices of N1B and N2B with respect to an irradiation beam intensity B such that N1A.times.H1+N2A.times.H2=N1B.times.H1+N2B.times.H2.

Multilayer optical disk and apparatus

An optical disk apparatus includes a photodetector divided into eight segments which receive the laser beam reflected from the optical disk and produce signals based on the laser beam sport thereon. In this apparatus, these eight segments are combined in several patterns for the recorded information reproduction, the tracking error detection, and the focus error detection, respectively. For the recorded information reproduction, eight segments are used as combined in three segment cells RC1, RC2, and RC3 which extend in a direction parallel to each other such that the segment cell RC1 is in center and is sandwitched by other segment cell RC2 and RC3. The segment cells RC1, RC2, and RC3 are located perpendicular to the recording track of the optical disk and produce three signals C, R, and L indicative of the laser beam intensity of the laser beam spot thereon, respectively. Thus obtained signals C is multiplied by a constant K and then added to the other signals R and L. By selecting suitable value as the constant K, the crosstalk component in the reproduced signal can be reduced.

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Hirakata, Japan

Noboru Ito