Altarum Institute

University of Michigan

Michigan Technological University

Nikolas Subotic

Christopher Roussi

Joseph W Burns

Ronald D Chervin

Peter Jensen

William Buller

Vincent Canella

Intrusion detection methods and apparatus exploit the infrastructure of the building itself. The preferred embodiments use the existing power line infrastructure to provide power, data, and sensor observables to a monitoring system which is simply connected at one point, namely, the connection of the building to the city power grid. Computer network interfaces may also be used. In terms of sensors, impedance, capacitive, inductive, electric field and Radar modalities may be used.

Intrusion detection methods and apparatus that use a building's infrastructure as part of a sensor

A system and method for determining respiratory cycle-related EEG changes (RCREC) for a subject with sleep-disordered breathing are provided. The method includes receiving an EEG signal from the subject using at least one sensor, and defining at least two respiratory cycle segments within each respiratory cycle. The method further includes determining an EEG power of the EEG signal during each of the at least two respiratory cycle segments, and determining RCREC by calculating a difference between a maximum EEG segment power and a minimum EEG segment power.

System and method for analysis of respiratory cycle-related EEG changes in sleep-disordered breathing

A substrate is provided with a multiplicity of electrically conductive elements, and the elements are interconnected to form an antenna structure for desired application. Either the antenna pattern itself may be altered according to the invention, or one or more feed points may be changed, or all of the above. As such, the electrically conductive elements may be interconnected to change the directionality of the antenna pattern, the gain, the frequency response, or other operational characteristics. The electrically conductive elements may be arranged in the form of an inchoate antenna pattern or regular array. Switches at key points of the structure enable the pattern to be changed dynamically. Such switching may be carried out in real time in accordance with transmissions/reception characteristics, or in advance using simulations associated with the switched elements.

Methods and apparatus for reconfiguring antenna array patterns

An approach to antenna design optimizes gain, beam pattern, polarization response, and other qualities through self-replicating patterns based upon iterative transformations and candidate geometric shapes. In the preferred embodiment Hausdorff structures are used to realize &lgr; -arbitrary different radiation patterns, including patterns optimized for multiple frequencies. The most preferred approach applies a sequence of different Hutchinson operators to different geometric subsets, thereby achieving patterns which are not only arbitrary in terms of wavelength/frequency, but also permit variable radiation patterns and variable polarization other desirable criteria. In addition to the use of variable scaling, geometric patterns, and the like, multiple structures may be placed within the same spatial footprint to permit reception over more bands. A dynamic reconfigurable antenna array is provided according to an alternative embodiment, enabling a single device to be simultaneously tuned to different or multiple frequencies or other response criteria. The antenna array may be made directional in its radiation (or reception) pattern either by changing the configuration of the array, changing the feed points in the array, or electrically steering the pattern using standard beam formatting techniques on multiple taps. Once a particular antenna architecture is defined, electrical or micro-mechanical switches are placed at key points of the structure enabling the pattern to be changed dynamically. Alternatively, a reconfigurable multi-dimensional array may be used having an active area optimized to maximize reception for a desired frequency and/or directionality.

Growing community of inventors

Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America

Nikolas Subotic