Commissariat &#xc0; L'&#xc9;nergie Atomique Et Aux &#xc9;nergies Alternatives

Socomec

Colas

Bubendorff

Ykk Corporation

Bubendorff, Societe Anonyme

Nicolas Chaintreuil

Franck Barruel

Stéphane Siat

Alexandre Plissonnier

Pierre Perichon

Jean-Paul Garandet

Philippe Thony

Eric Pilat

Christian Kern

Sylvain Lespinats

Rémi De Bettignies

Stéphane Guillerez

Eric Coquelle

Jean Therme

Valérian Soulima

Vincent Delpy

Virginie Renzi

Cédric Gouy-Pailler

Annalaura Fasiello

Antoine Labrunie

Yannick Veschetti

Paul Messaoudi

Sandrine Vallet

Vincent Chauve

Jean-Baptiste Desmouliere

Thi Than Yen Mai

Cédric Gouy-pailler

Adrien Brun

Fabrice Claudon

Yoann Le Blevennec

Cyril Ginet

Thi Thanh Yen Mai

The invention relates to a signaling system, comprising a crossable zone intended to be positioned on a highway and comprising a signaling marking forming a plurality of signaling strips, said system being characterized in that:

Signalling system

The photovoltaic installation being intended to supply an electric current (i), the method comprises the steps of measuring (e0) values representative of the electric current (i) supplied by the photovoltaic installation; adjusting (e2) a variable current jump threshold (s(ti)) according to measured values; detecting (e3) a current jump with an amplitude greater than a current jump threshold adjusted according to values measured before the jump; and detecting (e5) an electric arc based on the detection of a current jump.

Method and device for detecting an electric arc in a photovoltaic installation

A photovoltaic installation comprising at least one photovoltaic module () and an electromechanical unit capable of producing a non-stray electric arc of a duration less than or equal to a given arc-quenching duration (x) when contacts of the electromechanical unit are opened. The photovoltaic installation comprising a method comprising the steps of: detecting (E) the appearance of an electric arc in a photovoltaic installation; triggering (E) a timer to start timing from the moment (T) of appearance of an electric arc; measuring (E) at least one of electric quantities of a group including a voltage (V) of the at least one photovoltaic module and a current (I) produced by the photovoltaic installation at the end of the arc-quenching duration starting from the moment (T) of appearance of the electric arc; comparative testing (E; E) in order to determine whether the measured electric quantity is equal to an open-circuit voltage (V) of the photovoltaic module or to a zero current; and, if the test is negative, identifying a stray electric arc.

Method and device for detecting a stray electric arc in a photovoltaic installation

A functionalized infrastructure including a bottom layer including a zone to be covered, the infrastructure including: n covering slabs arranged juxtaposed in order to pave the surface to be covered, each covering slab having a rank i, with i ranging from 1 to n and n being greater than or equal to 2 and including a coverage surface positioned to cover a part of the zone and at least one electrical functionalization assembly, the n covering slabs including at least one covering slab of a first type having a coverage surface of a first form and a covering slab of a second type having a coverage surface of a second form, each covering slab including an electrical connection block arranged on the slab so as to separate each slab of rank i from a slab of rank i+1 by a pitch (P) that is constant.

Functionalized infrastructure and method for installing such a functionalized infrastructure

The invention relates to a one-piece light signalling slab () comprising a structure with a plurality of layers that are superposed and attached together, said structure comprising:

Light signalling slab and system capable of using such a slab

The method comprises the steps of measuring (E) a voltage signal at the terminals of at least one photovoltaic module of the installation () with a sampling frequency greater than or equal to 50 kHz and, from the measured voltage signal, determining an initial voltage preceding the appearance of the arc and voltage values during the electric arc; evaluating values of an electric current produced by the photovoltaic installation during the electric arc; time integration (E) of the product of arc voltage values equal to the difference between the voltage values during the arc and the initial voltage, determined in step A), and current values evaluated in step B), in order to determine the energy of the arc.

Method and device for evaluating the energy produced by an electric arc in a photovoltaic installation

The invention relates to a method including the steps of measuring (EO) an electric current signal produced by the apparatus () at a sampling rate no lower than 50 kHz, and, from the measured current signal, determining (E) an initial value () of the current before the occurrence of an electric arc, determining (E) current values (Iarcj) during the electric arc, evaluating (E) arc voltage values from the current values determined during the arc and from the initial value of the current, integrating (E) over time the product of the arc voltage values evaluated by the determined current values, in order to determine the energy of the arc.

A method estimating a series or parallel nature and a location of an arc in a photovoltaic device, operating under direct current, including N (N=1 or N&#x3e;1) strings of photovoltaic modules, connected to a charge device having a capacitive behaviour for the modules, the method including: a) detecting, at terminals of each of the modules of each string, evolution of voltage over time, during formation of an electric arc; b) identifying the modules at the terminals of which a voltage variation occurs between a first zone with stable voltage and a second zone with stable voltage for a duration of at least 5 &#x3bc;s, which immediately follows the voltage variation, and identifying the sign of each voltage variation; c) estimating the series or parallel nature and the location of the arc in the photovoltaic device.

Electric arc detection in photovoltaic installations

The method includes connecting a MOSFET-type transistor to the photovoltaic installation; applying, to the transistor, a signal of a control voltage (Vgs) that crosses a linear regime range (&#x3c6;) of the transistor, between two critical voltages including a saturation voltage (Vgs(sat)) and a threshold voltage (Vgs(th)), and measuring the current and the voltage of the photovoltaic installation while the linear regime range of the transistor is being crossed. The control voltage signal (Vgs) of the transistor is generated from a digital control signal. The transistor initially being in short-circuit (&#x3c6;) or open-circuit (&#x3c6;) regime, a command is issued for a first, rapid variation (BT) in the control voltage (Vgs) in the direction of the linear regime range of the transistor, then a second, slow variation (BT) in the control voltage (Vgs) crossing the linear regime range of the transistor, the transition between the first and the second variation being discontinuous.

Method and system for determining current-voltage characteristics of a photovoltaic installation

Method for detecting an electric arc in a photovoltaic installation, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Method for detecting an electric arc in a photovoltaic installation, which includes measurement (E) of voltage values at at least one site of the electrical circuit of the photovoltaic installation; digitization (E) of the measured voltage values so as to form voltage data; formation (E) of a window of n recent digitized voltage data; computation (E) of a test value associated with the said window of the n voltage data; analysis (E) of a test vector comprising m test values associated with m recent windows generating a quantity arising from this analysis representative of a risk of electric arc; comparison (E) of this quantity arising with at least one threshold so as to deduce therefrom the presence or otherwise of an electric arc within the photovoltaic installation.

Method and device for detecting electrical arcing in a photovoltaic installation

Photovoltaic module () comprising a plurality of electrically connected photovoltaic cells (), characterized in that it has a square shape and comprises at least two contact pads () in each corner of the module so as to comprise at least four connectors () on each edge () of the module.

Photovoltaic module with simplified connection

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a monolithic silicon wafer () comprising multiple vertical junctions () having an alternation of n-doped areas and p-doped areas, including at least the steps of: (i) providing a liquid bath () including silicon, at least one n-type doping agent and at least one p-type doping agent; (ii) proceeding to directionally solidify the silicon in a direction (I), varying the convection-diffusion parameters thereof in order to alternate the growth of n-doped silicon layers () and p-doped silicon layers (); and (iii) cutting a slice (), parallel to the direction (I), of the multi-layer structure obtained at the end of the step (ii), such as to obtain said expected wafer ().

Method for manufacturing a monolithic silicon wafer comprising multiple vertical junctions

A method for detecting an electrical arc in a photovoltaic installation includes measurement (E) of voltage values at at least one point of the electrical circuit of the photovoltaic installation; digitization (E) of the measured voltage values to form a sampling of data x; calculation (E) of an estimation value y of the presence of an electrical arc based on a statistical calculation on the sampling of data and the inclusion of an omission factor &#x3a6;; and comparison (E) of the estimation value y of the presence of an electrical arc with a threshold value to deduce therefrom the presence or absence of an electrical arc in the photovoltaic installation.

Method and device for detecting electric arc in a photovoltaic installation

A method detecting a parallel arc in a photovoltaic device, including N (N=1 or N&#x3e;1) photovoltaic modules, connected to a charge device having a capacitive behavior for the modules, the method including: a) detecting, across main terminals of the device, evolution of voltage over time, at least during formation of the electric arc; b) identifying a negative voltage variation between a first zone with stable voltage and a second zone with stable voltage for a duration of at least 5 &#x3bc;s, which immediately follows the voltage variation, and c) determining whether the voltage variation is between a maximum value Vmax, greater than or equal to 100 V, and a minimum value Vmin, less than or equal to 30 V, with a fall time of this variation between a minimum duration Tmin greater than or equal to 0.01 &#x3bc;s and a maximum duration Tmax less than or equal to 10 &#x3bc;s.

Growing community of inventors

Montmelian, France

Nicolas Chaintreuil