Brown University

Sontra Medical Corporation

Cytotherapeutics, Inc.

Echo Therapeutics, Inc.

Sugar Surgical Technologies, Inc.

Cytotherpeutics, Inc.

Nicholas F Warner

John F Mills

Keith E Dionne

Edward J Doherty

David H Rein

Brian M Cain

Tyrone F Hazlett

Scott C Kellogg

Joseph Kost

Moses Goddard

Samir Suresh Mitragotri

Tuan A Elstrom

Andy H Levine

Lawrence Crainich

Paul R Sanberg

Paul J Mulhauser

Patrick Aebischer

Frank T Gentile

Michael J Lysaght

Eric E May

Alfred V Vasconcellos

David J Sugarbaker

Anne M Rathbun

John G Moldauer

John Mills

Shikha P Barman

Linda M Custer

Helice A Schramm

Kenneth A Messier

According to the present invention, a method for enhancing transdermal transport is disclosed. The method includes the steps of increasing a permeability an area of a membrane with a permeabilizing device. The membrane may be, inter alia, biologic skin or synthetic skin. The permeabilizing device may be an ultrasound-producing device. A substance is transported into and through the area the membrane. The substance may be a drug, a vaccine, or a component of interstitial fluid.

Method and apparatus for enhancement of transdermal transport

According to the present invention, a method for enhancing transdermal transport is disclosed. The method includes the steps of increasing a permeability of an area of a membrane with a permeabilizing device. The membrane may be, inter alia, biologic skin or synthetic skin. The permeabilizing device may be an ultrasound-producing device. A substance is transported into and through the area of the membrane. The substance may be a drug, a vaccine, or a component of interstitial fluid.

An hydrogel incorporating a biologically active component is provided that is useful as an interface material for transdermal sensing applications. Specifically, the hydrogel has a crosslinked gel structure and a biologically active component incorporated into the crosslinked gel structure, the biologically active component being capable of converting glucose into a compound having potentiometric activity.

Biocompatible chemically crosslinked hydrogels for glucose sensing

A system, method, and device for non-invasive body fluid sampling is provided. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a controller that controls the generation of ultrasound; an ultrasonic applicator that applies the ultrasound to an area of biological membrane; a receiver that contacts the area of biological membrane and receives body fluid through and out of the area of biological membrane; and a meter that interacts with the receiver and detects the presence of at least one analyte in the body fluid in the receiver. The receiver may include a membrane and a medium, such as a hydrogel, a fluid, or a liquid, that is contained in the membrane. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the steps of (1) identifying an area of biological membrane having a permeability level; (2) increasing the permeability level of the area of biological membrane; (3) contacting the area of biological membrane with a receiver; (4) extracting body fluid through and out of the area of biological membrane; (5) providing an external force to enhance the body fluid extraction; (6) collecting the body fluid in the receiver; (7) analyzing the collected body fluid for the presence of at least one analyte; and (8) providing the results of the step of analyzing the body fluid.

System, method, and device for non-invasive body fluid sampling and analysis

The present invention is directed to apparatus and methods for producing homogenous cavitation. An ultrasound souce comprising an ultrasound transmitting element having an axis and a cross-section along the axis is disclosed The ultrasound transmitting element also has a first axial end and a second axial end operable to produce ultrasonic waves. The cross-section has an area having a maximum value at the first axial end and a minimum value at the second axial end. A method for producing homogenous cavitation at an area of skin comprises creating a volume of fluid having a uniformly dispersed concentration of cavitation nuclei adjacent the area of skin. Ultrasound is then applied to the volume of fluid and causes cavitation at the cavitation nuclei.

Method and apparatus for producing homogenous cavitation to enhance transdermal transport

Implantable therapy systems are disclosed for the local and controlled delivery of a biologically active factor to the brain, spinal cord and other target regions of a subject suffering from a dibilatating condition. The method of the invention involves surgically exposing an insertion site, generally located above a predetermined treatment site (,), in a patient. A cannula (,), having an obturator (,) or dilator (,) positioned therein, is inserted at the insertion site, defining a pathway to the treatment site. In some instances, the cannula can be inserted along the path of a guidewire (,) previously positioned at the treatment site. The cannula (,) is preferably a low friction polymeric material such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The cannula (,) generally has an open proximal end for receiving the obturator (,) or dilator (,), and an open distal end, preferably a tapered end, for delivery of neurologically active factors to the treatment site (,). The obturator (,) is then removed from the cannula (,), and a biocompatible tethered vehicle (,) containing a biologically active material is inserted into the cannula along the passageway. A pusher can be inserted within the cannula, behind the vehicle (,), to position the proximal end of the vehicle at the proximal tip of the cannula (,). Once the vehicle (,) is positioned near the proximal end of the cannula (,), the cannula is removed from the passageway, followed by the pusher, leaving the vehicle (,) positioned at the treatment site (,).

Implantable therapy systems and methods

A sealed, implantable, encapsulation device (20) for diffusing a biologically active product or function to an individual which includes a substantially non-porous fitting (32) including an inner surface (33) defining an access port (34). A permselective, porous, membrane (21), having an interior surface (22), cooperates with the fitting inner surface (33) to form a storage cavity (23) therebetween. The membrane interior surface (22) is in substantially cell-tight dry sealing engagement with fitting (32) to seal cavity (23). Living cells (24) are disposed in the cavity (23) which are capable of secreting the biologically active product to an individual. The membrane (21) is of a material capable of permitting the passage of substances between the individual and cells required to provide the biological product or function. A plug member (35) is positioned in the access port (34) and seated in cell-tight sealing engagement with the fitting inner surface (33). A method for sealing the implantable encapsulation device (20) is also provided.

Method and apparatus for sealing implantable membrane encapsulation

Method and apparatus for sealing implantable, membrane encapsulation

A tissue grasping device is disclosed having a distal end and a proximal end and a central axis extending from end to end. Three tissue engaging tines are located at the distal end, two of which are rotatable, and one of which is spaced from the other two and slidable lengthwise of the plicator. The tines are parallel to one another and to the main axis of the plicator. Actuating mechanism in the form of rack and pinion mechanisms rotate the rotatable tines relative to one another, to grip a portion of the tissue. The non-rotatable times space the portion of the tissue being operated on from the rotatable tine. A push-pull knob mechanism or a thumb-operated lever is employed at the proximal end of the plicator to slide the non-rotatable tine lengthwise of the device to position it in and out of its operating position.

Tissue grasping device

A microdrive apparatus useful in human stereotactic surgery is disclosed. Such apparatus permits safe and accurate placement of a surgical instrument, such as a cannula, into a portion of the central nervous system, e.g. the brain and spinal cord, of a patient by simple mechanical operation.

Microdrive for use in stereotactic surgery

A tissue grasping device is disclosed having a distal end and a proximal end and a central axis extending from end to end. Three tissue engaging tines are located at the distal end, two of which are rotatable, and one of which is spaced from the other two and slidable lengthwise of the plicator. The tines are parallel to one another and to the main axis of the plicator. An actuating mechanism in the form of a rack and pinion mechanism rotate the rotatable tines relative to one another, to grip a portion of the tissue. The non-rotatable tines space the portion of the tissue being operated on from the rotatable tine. A knob mechanism is employed at the proximal end of the plicator to slide the non-rotatable tine lengthwise of the device to position it in and out of its operating position.

Bioartificial organ storage and transport apparatus having a media storage container. The apparatus is designed to securely maintain a bioartificial organ within the container in a sealed environment. The apparatus may also allow for gas exchange and media exchange to ensure the viability of the bioartificial organ. In addition, the apparatus may use a secondary container and cap, designed to allow access to the media storage container and allow for gas exchange and media exchange.

Apparatus and method for storage and transporation of bioartificial

A nozzle assembly for forming hollow fibers, particularly a 'Z-fiber' having longitudinally oriented trabeculae with the fiber wall, is disclosed. The nozzle assembly contains a replaceable nozzle cap, a replaceable seal-guide, and a retractable central bore used to supply core material for the hollow fibers. The Z-fibers are particularly useful in enabling cells, solutes, or the like, to enter the fiber wall and move longitudinally into the center of the fiber wall.

Growing community of inventors

Belmont, MA, United States of America

Nicholas F Warner