Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Hamamatsu-Photonics K.k.

Nagoya University

Other

Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc.

National Institute for Materials Science

Hokkaido University

Pola Chemical Industries, Inc.

Naoki Nakamura

Hirofumi Kan

Toshiyuki Kawashima

Hiroshi Hasegawa

Takashi Sekine

Atsushi Noro

Takato Kajita

Yushu Matsushita

Hirozumi Azuma

Haruka Tanaka

Yoneyoshi Kitagawa

Yoshitaka Mori

Hongfei Jia

Kiyohito Murata

Hideki Nakayama

Tomoyoshi Motohiro

Osamu Komeda

Tatsumi Hioki

Tomonori Nagashima

Takashi Kurita

Kazuhisa Fujita

Nakahiro Satoh

Shinichiro Okihara

Katsuhiro Ishii

Yasuhiko Nishimura

Tetsuo Uchikoshi

Yoshio Sakka

Kazuhiro Nishikata

Ryohei Hanayama

Atsushi Sunahara

Junji Shiozawa

Liang Wang

Tamaki Nakano

Yasushi Miyamoto

Mitsugu Hanabusa

To provide a proton conductive material which has high proton conductivity even under no humidification and does not elute into water. A proton conductive material comprising a proton-source-polymer and a proton-channel-polymer, wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of the proton-source-polymer and the proton-channel-polymer is a polymer containing an aromatic ring, and wherein at least a part of the polymer containing the aromatic ring has a stacked structure formed by π-π interactions, and a proton conductive material comprising a proton-source-crosslinked-polymer, wherein the proton-source-crosslinked-polymer is a polymer having a main skeleton which contains a proton source group and an aromatic ring, and a crosslinked structure which contains a proton channel, and wherein at least a part of the proton-source-crosslinked-polymer has a stacked structure formed by π-π interactions.

Proton conductive material

Disclosed herein are membrane-electrode assemblies and fuel cells comprising an anode comprising a first catalyst; a cathode comprising a second catalyst; and a proton exchange membrane between the anode and cathode; wherein at least one of the proton exchange membrane, anode, and cathode comprise an antioxidant comprising yttrium doped cerium oxide and a metal doped cerium oxide that has a faster release time of cerium ions compared to yttrium doped cerium oxide.

Antioxidant for fuel cells to improve durability

A proton conducting film includes a polymer having a first part and a second part which are connected by a covalent bond and a plasticizer. The first parts aggregate with each other to form a domain at an operation temperature of the proton conducting film, and the second part crosslinks the domains. The second part has a proton accepting group, and the plasticizer contains a proton donating compound having a pKa of 2.5 or less, and thus the plasticizer penetrates into the second part, and a glass transition temperature of the polymer is lowered compared to when the plasticizer is not included.

Proton conducting film having crosslinked structure and fuel cell

A proton-conductive membrane is provided, which exhibits high proton conductivity even in an anhydrous environment. The proton-conductive membrane includes a crosslinked polymer and a plasticizer, wherein the crosslinked polymer includes a proton acceptor group in an amount equal to not less than 10 mol % of repeating units constituting the crosslinked polymer, the plasticizer includes a proton donor compound having a pKa value of not more than 2.5, and the plasticizer is a viscoelastic solid in a temperature range of 50&#xb0; C. to 120&#xb0; C.

Proton-conductive membrane and fuel cell

A target shell monitoring devicethat monitors an attitude and a position of the target shell Tg, a compression laser output devicethat irradiates the target shell Tgwith a compression laser light LS, and a heating laser output devicethat irradiates the target shell Tgwith a heating laser light LSfollowing the compression laser light LSare provided. The target shell Tghas a hollow spherical shell shape, includes an approximately spherical space Sp on an inner side thereof, includes at least one through hole Hconnecting an outer side thereof and the space Sp, and includes, on an outer surface Sfthereof, irradiation areas Arand Arto be irradiated with compression laser lights.

Laser fusion device and nuclear fusion generating method

An object is to be capable of inducing a nuclear fusion reaction at a relatively high efficiency and downsize a device. A nuclear fusion deviceof the present invention includes a nuclear fusion targetincluding a target substratecontaining deuterium or tritium and a thin-film layercontaining deuterium or tritium stacked on the target substrate, a vacuum containerfor storing the nuclear fusion target, and a laser unitfor irradiating two successive first and second pulsed laser lights P, Ptoward the thin-film layerof the nuclear fusion target, and the intensity of the first pulsed laser light Pis set to a value that is smaller than that of the second pulsed laser light Pand allows peeling of the thin-film layerfrom the target substrate

Neutron generation target, device, and method

A process for producing an anisotropic magnetic material includes: preparing a feebly magnetic material capable of transforming into a magnetic material by a prescribed reaction, orienting the feebly magnetic material by imparting an external field to the feebly magnetic material, and transforming the oriented feebly magnetic material to a magnetic substance by the prescribed reaction.

Process for producing anisotropic magnetic material and anisotropic magnetic material

The gas storage method comprises a step of keeping a gas to be stored and an adsorbent in a vessel at a low temperature below the liquefaction temperature of the gas to be stored so that the gas to be stored is adsorbed onto the adsorbent in a liquefied state, a step of introducing into the vessel kept at the low temperature a gaseous or liquid medium with a freezing temperature that is higher than the above-mentioned liquefaction temperature of the gas to be stored, for freezing of the medium, so that the gas to be stored which has been adsorbed onto the adsorbent in a liquefied state is encapsulated by the medium which has been frozen, and a step of keeping the vessel at a temperature higher than the liquefaction temperature and below the freezing temperature.

Method of producing gas occluding material

An apparatus and a method for observing a submerged sample are disclosed, in which a scanning probe microscope comprises a cantilever with a probe arranged at the forward end thereof, a light source for applying light to the cantilever and a detector for detecting the light reflected from the cantilever, the apparatus further comprising a sample container having a side wall for holding a liquid therein. The probe is placed in closely opposed relation to the sample in the liquid in the sample container, and the relative positions of the probe and the sample are changed, so that based on the interaction between the probe and the sample, a surface image of the sample is produced to observe the sample. A device for preventing volatilization of the liquid having the sample submerged therein is formed on the surface of the liquid. An insulative liquid layer not mixed with the surface of the liquid having the sample submerged therein is formed on the surface of the liquid. Only the forward end of the probe is introduced into the liquid having the sample submerged therein, while the other portion of the probe is covered with the insulative liquid. The light from the light source is applied to the cantilever in the liquid without passing through the interface between the liquid and the atmosphere, and the reflected light is picked up in the liquid.

Submerged sample observation apparatus and method

A nonlinear optical silica material mainly consisting of SiO &mdash;GeO to which hydrogen or halogen element X is added. Oxygen bonded to Ge contained in the nonlinear optical silica material is replaced by H or X, and one Ge has two Ge&mdash;O bonds and one Ge&mdash;H (or Ge&mdash;X) bond at Ge&middot; points where nonlinearity is exhibited in the silica material. The Ge&mdash;H (or Ge&mdash;X) bond does not relate to a crystal network, so that when the polarity is oriented in order to exhibit nonlinearity at Ge&middot;, an electric field to be applied can be lowered, and when a optical semiconductor hybrid element or the like is produced, other portions of the semiconductor elements can be prevented from being broken or degraded in performance. An insulating film can be interposed between the semiconductor substrate and the nonlinear optical silica film to prevent undesired impurities from dispersing into the semiconductor substrate and other elements and preventing a defect from being caused in the crystal of the substrate due to the silica film.

Nonlinear optical silica material and nonlinear optical device

A method for manufacturing a nonlinear optical thin film of a silica glass system with sufficient nonlinear optical characteristics, in which a glass substrate is disposed within a vacuum deposition chamber and an electron beam is applied to a SiO &mdash;GeO -system glass placed on a hearth liner to form a SiO &mdash;GeO -system thin film on the surface of the substrate . In an application of this method, ions of argon, for example, are emitted from an ion source to produce dipoles in the deposited SiO &mdash;GeO -system thin film. By applying an electric field to the SiO &mdash;GeO -system thin film thus formed, the dipoles are oriented to let the thin film exhibit nonlinear optical characteristics.

Method for manufacturing a nonlinear optical thin film

To produce a high quality thin film by effectively removing the particles from the emitted substance and the oxygen retained under a high vacuum during the production of the thin film by laser ablation, there is provided a process for producing a thin film on a substrate by laser ablation in a vacuum chamber in which a laser beam is irradiated to a target to cause emission of a substance from the target and allowing the emitted substance to deposit on the substrate to grow a thin film on the substrate by laser ablation, the process including irradiating an ion beam to at least one of the substrate and a plume of the emitted substance formed between the substrate and the target.

Process for producing thin film

A process for simultaneously producing carbon black and hydrogen, wherein ethylene is fed into a reaction system having a temperature of 400.degree. C. or above and a pressure of not less than 5 kg/cm.sup.2 in an inert atmosphere in the presence of a nickel catalyst to decompose ethylene according to the following formula:

Process for simultaneously producing hydrogen and carbon black

A process for producing a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film, comprising the steps of: developing a monomolecular film of a film forming molecule on the surface of water and transferring the monomolecular film on a substrate, wherein a film forming solution containing the film forming molecule is dropped on the surface of water while allowing a water stream directed to the substrate to act on the surface of water or allowing an air stream directed to the substrate to act on a position in the vicinity of the surface of water; a condensed film of the film forming molecule is rapidly formed upon dropping of the film forming solution by taking advantage of the action of the water stream or air stream; and, after or simultaneously with the formation of the condensed film, the condensed film is transferred onto the substrate. This process can prevent the inclusion of impurities, enabling an LB film to be produced using a small apparatus without using any large developing trough. Further, a hybrid LB film can be formed by changing the film forming molecule dropped on the surface of water in the course of the formation of the LB film.

Process for producing Langmuir-Blodgett film

Growing community of inventors

Shizuoka-ken, Japan

Naoki Nakamura