Apple Inc.

Myungjoon Choi

Hyunwoo Nho

Jie Won Ryu

Kingsuk Brahma

Chaohao Wang

Hyunsoo Kim

Shiping Shen

Sun-il Chang

Junhua Tan

Shengkui Gao

Jesse Aaron Richmond

Injae Hwang

Myung-Je Cho

Wei Hsin Yao

Alex H Pai

Chin-Wei Lin

Hung Sheng Lin

Shinya Ono

Yunhui Hou

Vehbi Calayir

Yao Shi

Li-Xuan Chuo

Derek Keith Shaeffer

Yafei Bi

Mohammad Ali Jangda

Yifan Zhang

Rungrot Kitsomboonloha

Pei-En Chang

Hassan Edrees

Changki Min

Rebecca Park

Jiye Lee

Weichuan Yao

Jesun Kim

Mohammad Bagher Vahid Far

Jun Li

Baris Cagdaser

Wei Xiong

ByoungSuk Kim

Szu-Hsien Lee

Kyung Wook Kim

Koorosh Aflatooni

Xiaokai Li

Yi Qiao

Kwang Soon Park

David S Zalatimo

Yue Jack Chu

Shatam Agarwal

Peng Li

Jason N Gomez

Jason C Hu

James E Brown

Amit Nayyar

Ce Zhang

Jongyup Lim

Hsin-Ying Chiu

Kaikai Guo

Kavinaath Murugan

Steven N Hanna

Evan P Donoghue

An electronic device may include an electronic display having multiple display pixels that display an image based on dithered image data. The electronic device may also include image processing circuitry that generates the dithered image data based on input image data and a threshold gray level that is greater than one. Generating the dithered image data may include replacing each gray level of the input image data that is less than the threshold gray level with either a zero gray level or the threshold gray level according to a dither pattern.

Multi-least significant bit (LSB) dithering systems and methods

An electronic display may include a touch sensing system configured to perform touch sensing in an active area of the electronic display and display driver circuitry configured to program display pixels of the active area to emit light. The electronic display may also include the active area. The active area may include a first portion and a second portion that are at least partially electrically separated. The display driver circuitry may program the display pixels in the first portion while the touch sensing circuitry may perform touch sensing in the second portion.

Split display driver circuitry to mitigate touch sensing system interaction

An electronic device includes a display having multiple regions of pixels. Each pixel includes a diode that emits light based on an amount of current through the diode and a transistor that controls the amount of current flowing through the diode. The electronic device includes driver-integrated circuitry that reduces hysteresis in a first transistor of a first pixel of a region of pixels, settles a threshold voltage of the first transistor, applies a test voltage to the first transistor, and senses a current across the first transistor. The electronic device includes processing circuitry that determines a predetermined voltage based on the current and a predetermined current-voltage relationship determined at an initial temperature, determines a voltage difference between the test voltage and the predetermined voltage, and applies the predetermined voltage and the voltage difference to a second transistor of a second pixel of the region of pixels.

Systems and methods for external off-time pixel sensing

This disclosure provides various techniques for providing fine-grain digital and analog pixel compensation to account for voltage error across an electronic display. By employing a two-dimensional digital compensation and a local analog compensation, a fine-grain and robust pixel compensation scheme may be provided to the electronic display.

Two-dimensional content-adaptive compensation to mitigate display voltage drop

Systems, methods, and devices are provided for mitigating visual artifacts by dynamically tuning bias voltages applied to display pixels. An electronic display may include a display pixel and a bias voltage supply. The bias voltage supply may supply a first bias voltage to the display pixel for a first subframe of a frame of image data. The bias voltage supply may supply a different second bias voltage to the display pixel for a second subframe of the frame of image data. This may mitigate certain image artifacts, such as flicker or variable refresh rate luminance difference, that could arise due to display pixel hysteresis that varies across subframes of the image frame.

Dynamic voltage tuning to mitigate visual artifacts on an electronic display

External compensation of display panels may employ measurement or sensing circuitry configured to measure the output of a pixel and compensate for variations. Due to effects from the sensing circuitry, a mismatch between a target current and the actual current in the pixel may occur. Systems and methods that compensate for the effects from sensing circuitry and reduce or mitigate the mismatch are described. Systems and methods described herein include compensation circuitry that is capable of employing correction factors to compensate for the effects due to the presence of sensing circuitry. Methods for determining the correction factor are also described.

External compensation for displays using sensing and emission differences

Embodiments presented herein relate to reducing visual artifacts on an electronic display caused by an intra-frame pause. To do so, the intra-frame pause may be divided into smaller intra-frame pause segments. The intra-frame pause segments may be applied to the display during different image frames and/or at different locations on the electronic display. For example, each intra-frame pause segment may be applied to a different location on the electronic display. In some embodiments, multiple intra-frame pause segments may be applied during a single image frame. In some embodiments, the intra-frame pause segments may be applied to various image frames and at various location on the electronic display according to a pattern. To reduce band flickering that may be caused by the different locations of the intra-frame pause segments, an emission duty of one or more rows of pixels of the display may be adjusted.

Mitigation of tearing from intra-frame pause

A current-voltage (IV) relationship of a pixel having a diode is initially determined. A first voltage is determined that does not cause the diode to emit light, and a first current across the diode is sensed by applying the first voltage. A predetermined current is determined based on the first voltage and the IV relationship. A ratio is determined based on the first current, a target current, and the predetermined current. A ratio voltage is determined by applying the ratio to a predetermined target voltage. If the first current is less than the predetermined current, then the ratio voltage is applied to supply a target current to the diode. If the first current is greater than the predetermined current, then a second voltage is determined by averaging the first test voltage and the ratio voltage, and the second voltage is applied to supply the target current to the diode.

Display compensation using current sensing across a diode without user detection

Electronic devices and methods for compensating for aging or other effects in a display during a non-transmitting state (off state) of the display. Sensing may include emissive element sensing of the display and/or thin film transistor sensing of the display. Compensating for the effects may preserve or increase a uniformity of transmission of the display.

Display off-time sensing

Systems and methods are presently disclosed that compensate for temperature-based parasitic capacitance variation of a pixel of a display by causing a driver transistor of the pixel to enter an ohmic or linear region. A lookup table is generated based on temperatures at the pixel, diode voltages, and target diode currents or luminances at a diode of the pixel. A correction voltage is determined based on a target diode current or luminance, a temperature at the pixel, and the lookup table. A data voltage is applied corresponding to the target diode current or luminance and the correction voltage to the driver transistor.

Systems and methods for temperature-based parasitic capacitance variation compensation

An electronic display may include pixel circuitry to display an image based on image data compensated for voltage variations within the pixel circuitry. Image processing circuitry may generate a compensation value to compensate the image data for cross-talk (e.g., electromagnetic coupling between an electrode of touch sensor circuitry and an electrode of the pixel circuitry) that may cause the voltage variations. Additionally or alternatively, the image processing circuitry may generate another compensation value to compensate the image data for another cross-talk (e.g., electromagnetic coupling between two electrodes of the pixel circuitry). The image processing circuitry may generate the compensated image data based on the first compensation value and/or the second compensation value.

Electronic display cross-talk compensation systems and methods

A system may include an electronic display panel having multiple pixels for depicting image data and processing circuitry that may receive a first error value representative of a first difference between a first electrical signal measured at a first pixel of the multiple pixels and an expected electrical signal for the first pixel. The first electrical signal may be based on a test signal transmitted to the first pixel and the expected electrical signal may correspond to an expected response of the first pixel based on the test signal. The processing circuitry may filter the first error value to generate a first compensated error value and may filter the first error value based on the first compensated error value to generate a second compensated error value, where the second compensated error value may filter one or more effects of spatial crosstalk between one or more pixels near the first pixel.

Spatially leaking temporal integrator for pixel compensation

Techniques for implementing and/or operating an electronic device, which includes a display pixel that emits light to facilitate displaying an image during an emission period and a data driver coupled to the display pixel via a data line. The data driver generates a data line voltage signal based on image data that indicates target luminance of the display pixel in the image and supplies the data line voltage signal to the data line during a non-emission period preceding the emission period to facilitate writing the image to the display pixel. Additionally, the data driver supplies an intermediate voltage greater than a ground voltage to the data line during the emission period in which the image is displayed to facilitate reducing luminance variation in the image resulting from a leakage current flowing between an internal node of the display pixel and the data line during the emission period.

Display pixel luminance stabilization systems and methods

A system may include a display panel that includes number of pixels that display image data on a display. The system may also include a circuit that measures a voltage associated with a light-emitting diode (LED) of a pixel of the number of pixels in response to the LED receiving a current. In addition to the circuit, the system may employ data processing circuitry that may generate a calibrated prediction model based at least in part on the voltage and the current, such that the calibrated prediction model predicts a change in voltage performance of the LED as the LED ages.

Systems and methods for compensating pixel voltages

An electronic display system may include a display panel used to display an image through emitting light. The electronic display system may also include processing circuitry that receives indication of an image to be displayed on the display panel and generates one or more signals to communicate the image on the display panel. The processing circuitry may compensate for non-uniformities in light emission between pixels of the display due to current-voltage non-uniformities.

External compensation for LTPO pixel for OLED display

Growing community of inventors

Sunnyvale, CA, United States of America

Myungjoon Choi