Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Minoru Ito

Kazuhito Wakabayashi

Masayoshi Shimamura

Satoshi Otake

Yasutaka Akashi

Takuma Matsuda

Masaki Yamada

Michihisa Magome

Takashi Matsui

Tomoya Uesugi

Atsushi Noguchi

Hironori Mori

Kozue Uratani

Atsuhiko Ohmori

Yoshiyuki Takayama

Kazutoshi Ishida

Kentarou Nakamura

Sosuke Yamaguchi

Shohei Urushihara

Kazunori Saiki

Takashi Koyanagi

Takahiro Miyazawa

Nene Dojo

Tatsuya Nakamura

Daisuke Yoshiba

Yasuhide Goseki

Eriko Yanase

Yasutaka Akahashi

Yusutaka Akashi

Provided is a developer carrying member that enables stable formation of images of high quality even on recording paper having a high talc content. The developer carrying member includes a conductive base member and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer includes a urethane resin, and the urethane resin has a carbonate bond and a tertiary amine structure.

Developer carrying member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

The developer carrying member, includes: an electroconductive substrate; and a surface layer containing a resin, on the substrate, in which a thickness of the surface layer is 1.0 &#x3bc;m or more and 100.0 &#x3bc;m or less, a Martens hardness at an indentation depth of 0.1 &#x3bc;m that is measured by infiltrating a Vickers indenter in a thickness direction of the surface layer from an outer surface of the surface layer is 50.0 N/mmor more and 100.0 N/mmor less, an Asker C hardness that is measured from the outer surface of the surface layer is 75&#xb0; or more and 90&#xb0; or less, and a value of a work function of the outer surface of the surface layer is 5.6 eV or more and 6.0 eV or less.

The present invention provides an electrophotographic member which can prevent generation of fogging while high quality images can be output during long-term use. The present invention is an electrophotographic member including a substrate, and an outermost layer directly or indirectly on the substrate, wherein the outermost layer contains a compound having at least a Si&#x2014;O&#x2014;Al bond, and the compound has a structural unit represented by Formula (1) and a structural unit represented by AlO. 

Electrophotographic member, developing apparatus and image forming apparatus

The developing apparatus includes a toner, a developing container, a developing roller, and a toner layer thickness controlling member,

Developing apparatus, developing method, image forming apparatus, and image forming method

A developing apparatus and a developing method that significantly suppress generation of fogging and form a high-quality electrophotographic images under any environments such as a high temperature and high humidity environment and a low temperature and low humidity environment are provided. A toner wherein a covering rate X1 of the surface of a toner particle with silica fine particles, which is determined by ESCA, is 40.0 to 75.0 area %, and the diffusion index represented by (Expression 1) diffusion index=X1/X2 satisfies (Expression 2) diffusion index&#x2267;&#x2212;0.0042&#xd7;X1+0.62 where in the theoretical covering rate with the silica fine particles is defined as X2; and a developing apparatus including a developing carrying member which is a surface layer formed of a urethane resin having a partial structure derived from a reaction of a polyisocyanate with a compound represented by Formula 1.

Provided is a developing apparatus, including toner for developing an electrostatic latent image, a toner carrier for carrying the toner, and a regulating member for regulating a layer thickness of the toner carried by the toner carrier. The toner carrier is placed to be brought into contact with the electrostatic latent image bearing member. The toner carrier includes a substrate, an elastic layer, and a surface layer containing a urethane resin. The urethane resin has a partial structure derived from a reaction between a compound represented by the structural formula (1) and a polyisocyanate. The toner contains toner particles each containing a binder resin and a magnetic material, and inorganic fine particles. The toner has a weight average particle diameter (D4) of from 9.5 &#x3bc;m to 14.0 &#x3bc;m. The toner has a porosity of 50 or more and 56 or less.

Image-forming apparatus, image-forming method, developing apparatus, and developing method

Provided is a developing apparatus, including: a toner for developing an electrostatic latent image; a toner carrier for carrying the toner; and a regulating member for regulating a layer thickness of the toner carried by the toner carrier, in which: the toner includes a toner containing toner particles each containing a binder resin and a magnetic material, and inorganic fine particles present on surfaces of the toner particles; the toner has a dielectric loss factor (&#x2208;&#x2033;) at a frequency of 100 kHz and a temperature of 30&#xb0; C. of 0.03 pF/m or more and 0.30 pF/m or less; the toner carrier includes a substrate, an elastic layer, and a surface layer containing a urethane resin; and the urethane resin has a partial structure derived from a reaction between a compound represented by the structural formula (1) and a polyisocyanate.

Developing apparatus, developing method, image-forming apparatus, and image-forming method

The present invention provides a developing apparatus including a toner, a toner carrying member and a regulating member, wherein the toner is a magnetic toner including a toner particle, a first fine silica particle having a number average primary particle diameter of 5 to 20 nm and a second fine silica particle having a number average primary particle diameter of 40 to 200 nm, the second fine silica particle is a fine silica particle produced by a sol-gel method, the toner has a total energy of 270 to 355 mJ/(g/ml), the toner carrying member has a substrate, an elastic layer and a surface layer including a urethane resin, and the urethane resin has a partial structure derived from a reaction of a particular amine type compound with a polyisocyanate.

Developing apparatus, developing method, image forming apparatus and image forming method

A developer carrying member is provided the surface layer of which can make a developer stable by controlling its triboelectric charging strongly and which can maintain a high image quality over a long period of time even where a developer made highly spherical-particle or a small-particle developer is used. The developer carrying member has a substrate and a surface layer. The surface layer is a cured product of a resin composition containing a binder resin, conductive particles, a quaternary ammonium salt and an azo metal complex compound, the binder resin has in the molecular structure at least one structure selected from the group consisting of an &#x2014;NHgroup, an &#x2550;NH group and an &#x2014;NH&#x2014; linkage, and the azo metal complex compound is a compound represented by the formula (1) as defined in the specification.

Developer carrying member, process for its production, and developing assembly

A high quality electrophotographic member that is excellent in deformation recovery property under high-temperature and high-humidity and that also satisfies filming resistance under low-temperature and low-humidity is provided. The electrophotographic member includes a substrate, an elastic layer, and a surface layer containing a urethane resin, wherein the urethane resin has a partial structure having at least one structure selected from the group consisting of structures of structural formulae (1) to (7) between adjacent two urethane linkages, and the urethane resin further has a partial structure derived from a reaction of a compound represented by a structural formula (8) with a polyisocyanate.

Electrophotographic member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus

Provided is an electrophotographic member, which hardly changes in performance even when being left to stand for a long time period. The electrophotographic member comprises a support, an elastic layer formed on the support, and a surface layer covering a surface of the elastic layer and containing a urethane resin, and in which the urethane resin comprises a reaction product of: a hydroxyl group-terminated prepolymer obtained by reacting a polyester polyol with a polyisocyanate; and an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer obtained by reacting a polyester polyol with a polyisocyanate.

Electrophotographic member and electrophotographic apparatus

A developer carrying member is provided which can maintain a high image quality over a long period of time even where a highly triboelectrically chargeable developer is used. The developer carrying member has a substrate and a surface layer. The surface layer is a cured product of a resin composition containing a binder resin, conductive particles, a quaternary phosphonium salt and an azo metal complex compound, the binder resin has in the molecular structure at least one structure selected from the group consisting of an &#x2014;NHgroup, an &#x2550;NH group and an &#x2014;NH&#x2014; linkage, and the azo metal complex compound is a compound represented by the formula (1) as defined in the specification.

Provided is a developer carrying member that can stably provide a negatively chargeable developer with triboelectric charge and whose surface hardly wears even after its long-term use. The developer carrying member is a developer carrying member, comprising: a substrate; and a surface layer, wherein: the surface layer contains a matrix resin and electro-conductive particles; and the matrix resin contains a crosslinked product of a polymer chain having units represented by the following structural formula (1) and the following structural formula (2), and a polymer chain represented by the following structural formula (3). 

Developer carrying member and developing unit

A developer bearing member is provided which can charge a toner stably and uniformly during the period from the initial stage to the terminal stage of extensive operation even in various environments. The developer bearing member includes a substrate and an electrically conductive resin coating layer formed on the surface thereof. The electrically conductive resin coating layer is formed from a resin composition containing a phenolic resin having in its structure at least one of an &#x2014;NHgroup, an &#x2550;NH group and an &#x2014;NH&#x2014; linkage, a quaternary phosphonium salt and electrically conductive fine particles and the resin composition contains 1 part by mass or more and 60 parts by mass or less of the quaternary phosphonium salt with respect to 100 parts by mass of the phenolic resin.

Developer bearing member and process for producing same, development apparatus and development method

A developer carrying member having less environmental dependence is provided. The developer carrying member has a substrate and a resin layer, which resin layer contains an acrylic resin; the acrylic resin having a unit (1) represented by the following formula (1) and a unit (2) represented by the following formula (2). In the formula (1), Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Rrepresents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an asterisk * represents the part of linkage to the part shown by a double asterisk ** in the formula (2). In the formula (2), Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Rrepresents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atom(s); R, Rand Reach represent an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; Arepresents an anion. 

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Susono, Japan

Minoru Ito