Mobil Oil Corporation

Minas R Apelian

Thomas F Degnan

Anthony S Fung

David O Marler

Dominick N Mazzone

Stuart S Shih

Mae K Rubin

Clinton R Kennedy

William S Borghard

Robert T Hanlon

Werner O Haag

Albin Huss, Jr

Dennis E Walsh

Michael S Sarli

Chaya R Venkat

Weldon K Bell

David L Fletcher

David A Pappal

Charles L Baker

George H Hatzikos

Iraj I Rahmim

Thomas R Kiliany, Jr

James R Boulton

Gordon J Kennedy

Chung-Hur Lee

Poh K Ng

This invention discloses a process for producing a high Viscosity Index lubricant having a VI of at least 125 from a waxy hydrocarbon feed having a wax content of at least 40 wt %. The process comprises catalytically dewaxing waxy paraffins present in the feed by isomerization in the presence of hydrogen and in the presence of a low acidity large pore zeolite isomerization catalyst. This catalyst has a ratio of SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, as synthesized, of at least 50:1, and an alpha value of not greater than 20, wherein the catalyst is prepared in the absence of boron. The catalyst further comprises a noble metal hydrogenation component. The feed may be hydrocracked prior to dewaxing with the large pore zeolite. The feed may be solvent dewaxed prior to isomerization. The effluent of the isomerization step may also be further dewaxed by either solvent or catalytic means in order to achieve target pour point.

Wax hydroisomerization process employing a boron-free catalyst

This invention discloses a process for producing a high Viscosity Index lubricant having a VI of at least 125 from a waxy hydrocarbon feed having a wax content of at least 40 wt %. The process comprises catalytically dewaxing waxy paraffins present in the feed by isomerization in the presence of hydrogen and in the presence of a low acidity large pore zeolite isomerization catalyst. This catalyst has a ratio of SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, as synthesized, of at least 50:1, wherein the catalyst is prepared in the absence of boron. The alpha value of the catalyst is no greater than 20. The catalyst comprises a noble metal hydroisomerization catalyst such as Pt. The feed may be hydrocracked prior to dewaxing with the large pore zeolite. The effluent of the process may also be further dewaxed by either solvent or catalytic means in order to achieve target pour point.

Wax hydroisomerization process

This invention provides a process for producing a distillate boiling-range hydrocarbon product which comprises hydrotreating a hydrodesulfurized aromatic, substantially dealkylated hydrocarbon feed produced by the catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon fraction, the feed having an initial boiling point of at least 300.degree. F., an aromatic content of at least about 30 weight percent, a hydrogen content not more than about 12 weight percent and a sulfur content of not more than 5000 ppmw, in the presence of a catalyst comprising an inorganic, non-layered, porous, crystalline phase material having pores with diameters of at least about 13 .ANG. and exhibiting, after calcination, an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one peak with a relative intensity of 100 at a d-spacing greater than about 18 .ANG., said material containing at least one Group VIII metal and less than 5000 ppm Na, said process being carried out at a hydrogen partial pressure of not more than 1000 psig to evolve product containing less than about 10 weight percent aromatics and less than 300 ppmw sulfur at a 390.degree. F.+ feed conversion of less than about 30 weight percent.

Catalyst and process for producing low-aromatics distillates

There is provided a process for regenerating a coked catalyst comprising a zeolite and a noble metal such as platinum. The process involves treating the coked catalyst under somewhat mild oxidation conditions, whereby a sufficient portion of the coke is removed from the catalyst to restore the hydrocarbon sorption properties of the zeolite component to the level observed in the non-coked form. Surprisingly, the original activity of the catalyst is substantially restored, even though a substantial amount of coke remains on the regenerated catalyst.

Regeneration of noble metal containing zeolite catalysts via partial

Petroleum wax feeds are converted to high Viscosity Index lubricants by a two-step hydrocracking-hydroisomerization process in which the wax feed is initially subjected to hydrocracking under mild conditions with a conversion to non-lube range products of no more than about 30 weight percent of the feed. The hydrocracking is carried out at a hydrogen pressure of at least 1000 psig using an amorphous catalyst which preferentially removes the aromatic components present in the initial feed. The hydrocracked effluent is then subjected to hydroisomerization in a second step using a low acidity dicarboxylic acid-treated zeolite Beta or mordenite catalyst which effects a preferential isomerization on the paraffin components to less waxy, high V.I. isoparaffins. The second stage may be operated at high pressure by cascading the first stage product into the second stage or at a lower pressure, typically from 200 to 1000 psig. The second stage catalyst is preferably a noble metal containing zeolite Beta catalyst which is treated with oxalic acid to give a low Alpha Value, typically below 10. The second stage is carried out at relatively low temperature, typically from 600.degree. to 650.degree. F. with a 650.degree. F.+ conversion in the range of 10 to 20 weight percent of the second stage feed but with high selectivity for isomerization of the paraffins. A final dewaxing step to target pour point may be used with relatively low loss, typically no more than 15 weight percent, during this dewaxing. The final products typically have V.I. values in excess of 130 and usually in the range of 140 to 155 and are characterized by exceptional stability.

Production of high viscosity index lubricants

A method for skeletal isomerization of linear olefins to iso-olefins, e.g., n-butenes to isobutylene, over a catalyst comprising medium pore zeolite, e.g., a zeolite selected from ZSM-22, ZSM-23, and ZSM-35. Treatment of the zeolite with dicarboxylic acid, e.g., oxalic acid, significantly reduces aging rate and increases cycle length of the catalyst.

N-olefin skeletal isomerization process using dicarboxylic acid treated

Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst, modified to reduce surface acidity, and preferably an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. In favorable cases, using feeds of extended end point such as heavy naphthas with 95 percent points above about 380.degree. F. (about 193.degree. C.), improvements in both product octane and yield relative to the feed may be obtained.

Hydrocarbon upgrading process

A process for catalytically converting cyclohexanone oxime to epsilon caprolactam. The conversion catalyst is a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a Constraint Index greater than 1 and a reduced surface acidity. The surface acidity is reduced by selective surface dealumination of the crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite by contacting the zeolite with dicarboxylic acid, such as oxalic acid.

Synthesis of caprolactam using catalysts

A method for producing substantially linear hydrocarbons by oligomerizing a lower olefin at elevated temperature and pressure which comprises contacting the lower olefin under oligomerization/polymerization conditions with constrained intermediate pore siliceous acidic zeolite, e.g., ZSM-22, -23 or -35, having Bronsted acid activity; wherein the zeolite has acidic pore activity and wherein the zeolite surface is rendered substantially inactive for acidic reactions. The zeolite surface can be inactivated by contact with dicarboxylic acid, e.g., oxalic acid. The olefin oligomers may be used as alkylating agents to prepare biodegradable alkylbenzenes and alkylphenylsulfonates.

Olefin oligomerization with surface modified zeolite catalyst

A process for producing high quality lubricants by the hydrocracking and hydroisomerization of petroleum waxes uses a catalyst which is based on an ultra-large pore crystalline material. The crystalline material exhibits unusually large pores of at least 13 .ANG. diameter and a high sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C. The crystalline material is characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one d-spacing greater than about 18 .ANG. and in a particularly preferred form, a hexagonal arrangement of pores of at least 13 .ANG. diameter which can be indexed with a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 .ANG.. The hydrocracking catalysts based on these materials are capable of producing lube products with a high VI of at least 120 and usually higher, values of 135 and higher e.g. 143. the lube products are produced in good yield from feeds which may contain down to about 30 percent wax content, although wax contents of at least 50 percent are preferred for the highest quality products. The catalysts achieve this result without the use of fluorine or other promoters.

Production of lubricants by hydrocracking and hydroisomerization

A process for the selective surface dealumination of a zeolite having a Constraint Index greater than 1 by contacting the zeolite with dicarboxylic acid, such as oxalic acid.

Selective surface dealumination of zeolites using dicarboxylic acid

A process for the dealumination of a zeolite having the structure of mordenite by contacting the zeolite with dicarboxylic acid, such as oxalic acid, and steaming. The process is useful for the dealumination of TEA mordenite.

Process for the dealumination of mordenite

A process for the selective surface dealumination of organic-containing zeolites by contacting the zeolite with dicarboxylic acid, such as oxalic acid. The treatment results in a reduction in surface acidity without a significant reduction in overall activity. The organic may be a directing agent used in the zeolite synthesis or introduced into the pores of the zeolite after thermal treatment.

Method for producing zeolites with reduced surface acidity

Hydroprocessing catalysts of high metal content and surface area are based on a support material comprising a non-layered, ultra-large pore crystalline material. The crystalline material exhibits unusually large pores of at least 13 .ANG. diameter and a high sorption capacity demonstrated by its benzene adsorption capacity of greater than about 15 grams benzene/100 grams at 50 torr and 25.degree. C. and may be characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one d-spacing greater than about 18 .ANG.. In a particularly preferred form, the crystalline material has a hexagonal arrangement of pores of at least 13 .ANG. diameter which has an electron diffraction pattern with one line at a d.sub.100 value greater than about 18 .ANG.. The catalysts based on these materials are capable of accommodating high metal loadings while retaining a high surface area with high pore volume and low density. Because of the high surface area of the support material, the metals may be incorporated by simple impregnation in a single step. The catalysts are particularly useful for process applications requiring high hydrogenation functionality and acidic functionality and therefore are useful in hydrocracking applications without requiring a halogen promoter.

Hydroprocessing catalyst composition

A process for the dealumination of a zeolite having the structure of zeolite Beta by contacting the zeolite with dicarboxylic acid, such as oxalic acid.

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Vincetown, NJ, United States of America

Minas R Apelian