Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

Oci Company Ltd.

Min-Ki Hong

Sang-Seok Kang

Dong-min Kim

Soo-Whan Kim

Hee-Chang Ye

Eun-Sun Oh

Byung-Man Kang

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method for controlling the pump speed of a redox flow battery for transferring an electrolyte stored in an electrolyte tank to a cell stack comprises the steps of: measuring the input power and/or the output power of the redox flow battery; measuring the charging power and/or the discharging power of the redox flow battery; calculating the power loss of the redox flow battery by using the difference between the input power and the charging power, or the difference between the output power and the discharging power; and adjusting the pump speed according to the power loss.

Method and apparatus for controlling pump speed of redox flow battery

A semiconductor memory device having dummy sense amplifiers and a method of utilizing the same are provided. Embodiments of the semiconductor memory device may include at least one dummy cell block including dummy cells and memory cells. Normal bit lines connecting the memory cells in the dummy cell block in a first direction and dummy bit lines connecting the dummy cells in the first direction. A dummy sense amplifier is also included for connecting any two of the normal bit lines and the dummy bit lines. Some of the embodiments may improve the sensing margin and refresh margin in sensing memory cells in the dummy cell, as well as increasing the redundancy efficiency and utilization of the dummy cells.

Semiconductor memory device having dummy sense amplifiers and methods of utilizing the same

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Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

Min-Ki Hong