Nokia Corporation

R.j. Reynolds Tobacco Products

R.j. Reynolds Tobacco Company

Mikko Juhani Söderlund

Andries Don Sebastian

Simo Kaarlo Tammela

Antti Olavi Pietiläinen

Sami Ilmari Sneck

Provided herein is a moisture barrier film for packaging, such as tobacco or cigarette packaging. The film comprises polylactic acid ('PLA') that is both biodegradable and transparent. The film includes multiple layers of PLA, with a base layer having a relatively high melting point compared to two outer layers, which have a relatively low melting point. The outer layers provide heat sealing capabilities to the film. The film is coated with a metal oxide layer comprised of aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, and/or aluminum-titanium oxide using an atomic layer deposition ('ALD') coating method. The ALD coating to the PLA film results in a moisture transmission rate of less than 4 g/m2/day after the film has been subjected to creasing, which induces cracking of the ALD metal oxide layer.

Package wrapping including PLA film with moisture barrier by atomic layer deposition

This invention relates to detecting a pilot tone in an optical fiber. In the method described in the invention, computational complexity is reduced significantly by almost completely removing the need to carry out multipli-cations. To calculate certain spectral components of DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) only a few multiplications are required. The idea is that for de-tecting one pilot tone, it is adequate to calculate one spectral component of DFT if a specific ratio can be chosen between the pilot tone frequency and the sample rate of the receiver.

Method of detecting pilot tones in a noisy signal

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Helsinki, Finland

Mikko Juhani Söderlund