The Babcock & Wilcox Company

Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc.

Blasch Precision Ceramics, Inc.

Mikhail Maryamchik

Donald L Wietzke

David J Walker

Michael J Szmania

Kiplin C Alexander

David L Kraft

Felix Belin

Gary L Anderson

Bartev B Sakadjian

Mark C Godden

Shengteng Hu

Jeffrey Hahn

Jeffrey J Bolebruch

Thomas J Flynn

David E James

Edwin L Collins, Iii

Michael L Silvey

Sundara M Kavidass

David R Gibbs

Jeffrey J Hahn

Albert D LaRue

Jason M Marshall

Luis G Velazquez-Vargas

James F Desellem

Karl M Heil

Timothy F Connors

William R Stirgwolt

Jeremiah J Yoder

Stephen W Borsani

William C Henson

Joseph C Comanitz

Richard A Ramsdell

Andrew J Mackrory

Edwin L Collins

David L Karaft

A spray dryer absorber (SDA) system used to reduce the concentration of at least one acid compound in a gas utilizes low or no alkali-containing particulate compounds to prevent cementing during operation. The low or no-alkali-containing compounds may be supplied from external sources and/or from a particulate collection device located downstream of the SDA.

Spray dryer absorber and related processes

A system can quickly cool and de-pressurize a boiler arrangement under non-normal operating conditions such as loss of plant power. A discharge system injects into the furnace a combined stream of steam from a steam discharge system and ambient air, thereby both cooling components of the boiler arrangement and reducing pressure in the steam/water circuit. This reduces or eliminates the additional cost associated with providing extra capacity in a steam drum and/or an independently powered boiler water pump. The system is particularly useful for quickly cooling the U-beams of a circulating fluidized bed boiler during a black plant condition.

Furnace cooling by steam and air injection

A concentrated solar power (CSP) system includes channels arranged to convey a flowing solids medium descending under gravity. The channels form a light-absorbing surface configured to absorb solar flux from a heliostat field. The channels may be independently supported, for example by suspension, and gaps between the channels are sized to accommodate thermal expansion. The light absorbing surface may be sloped so that the inside surfaces of the channels proximate to the light absorbing surface define downward-slanting channel floors, and the flowing solids medium flows along these floors. Baffles may be disposed inside the channels and oriented across the direction of descent of the flowing solids medium. The channels may include wedge-shaped walls forming the light-absorbing surface and defining multiple-reflection light paths for solar flux from the heliostat field incident on the light-absorbing surface.

Solids-based concentrated solar power receiver

A solar power system comprises a solar receiver, a heated solids storage tank downstream of the solar receiver, a fluidized bed heat exchanger downstream of the heated solids storage tank, and means for transporting solid particles from the fluidized bed heat exchanger to a cold solids storage tank upstream of the solar receiver. The fluidized bed heat exchanger includes a first fluidized bed and a second fluidized bed. Solid particles flow through the fluidized bed heat exchanger and transfer heat energy to heating surfaces in the two fluidized beds. The system permits the solid particles to absorb more energy and permits a constant energy output from the fluidized bed heat exchanger.

Concentrated solar power solids-based system

A dual phase fuel feeder is disclosed that can be used to provide both solid fuels and liquid fuels to a boiler, such as a fluidized bed boiler. The fuel feeder includes a sloped chute which defines a solid feedpath. Gas distribution nozzles are located at the base of the fuel feeder, and secondary nozzles are located so as to be able to distribute a liquid or particulate fuel into the solid feedpath. This permits the liquid fuel to contact the solid fuel and be carried into the fluidized bed instead of becoming suspended above the bed.

Dual phase fuel feeder for boilers

A power plant includes a solar receiver heating solid particles, a standpipe receiving solid particles from the solar receiver, a pressurized heat exchanger heating working fluid by heat transfer through direct contact with heated solid particles flowing out of the bottom of the standpipe, and a flow path for solid particles from the bottom of the standpipe into the pressurized heat exchanger that is sealed by a pressure P produced at the bottom of the standpipe by a column of heated solid particles of height H. The flow path may include a silo or surge tank comprising a pressure vessel connected to the bottom of the standpipe, and a non-mechanical valve. The power plant may further include a turbine driven by heated working fluid discharged from the pressurized heat exchanger, and a compressor driven by the turbine.

Power generation plant integrating concentrated solar power receiver and pressurized heat exchanger

A bubble cap assembly for an air distribution grid includes a stem having a top region and a bottom region, a bubble cap connected to the top region of the stem, a membrane having an opening, the bottom region of the stem communicating with the opening; a flange connected to the bottom region of the stem; at least one clamp for pressing the flange against the membrane, and a gasket squeezed between the flange and the membrane by the clamp to provide an air-tight connection between the flange and the membrane.

Fluidizing nozzle or bubble cap assembly for air distribution grid

Alkali-containing bottom ash produced by a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler is recycled to downstream spray dryer absorption (SDA) apparatus to more fully utilize the unused reagent present in the ash, and/or to reduce the amount of reagent used while not increasing NOgeneration.

Bottom ash injection for enhancing spray dryer absorber performance

A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler includes a reaction chamber, where a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) is contained within an enclosure within the lower portion of the reaction chamber and contains an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX) that occupies part of the reaction chamber floor. A plurality of in-bed secondary air nozzles comprise a plurality of tubes which are grouped together and run across the width of the BFB between the BFB enclosure wall and an outside wall of the CFB. The nozzles are positioned to prevent the deflection of solids falling onto the BFB from the CFB by the secondary air jets while avoiding a complicated structure that would interfere with gas and/or solids movement in the furnace. The nozzles' exit openings are flush, or almost flush, with the BFB enclosure wall.

Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) with in-furnace secondary air nozzles

A system for feeding a primary oxidant to an oxy-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. The system includes a plurality of bubble cap assemblies each comprising a stem and a bubble cap with at least one exit hole, each bubble cap connected via a stem to at least one windbox, the windbox containing at least one manifold. A plurality of pipes are provided, each pipe located within a bubble cap assembly with an open end located either at, above or below the exit holes of the bubble caps and an opposite end connected to the manifold located inside each windbox. Recycle gas is piped into the windbox, to the stem, and exiting from the exit holes located in the bubble cap into the CFB. Oxygen is piped into the manifold, through the pipes and exiting through the exit holes located in the bubble cap. The pipe may further contain means placed at its open end, to prevent accidental inlet of hot particles into the pipe, such as a debris shield placed above and proximate to the open end of the pipe or by having the open end oriented in a downward direction. An insulating gap may also be placed inside the bubble cap to reduce thermal conductance between the bubble cap outer surface that is exposed to hot bed material and the inner surface of the bubble cap, being in contact with oxygen.

Primary oxidant feed to oxy-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB)

A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler comprising a reaction chamber. A bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) is contained within an enclosure within the lower portion of the reaction chamber and contains an in-bed heat exchanger (IBHX) that occupies part of the reaction chamber floor. At least one non-mechanical valve, which includes an opening between the CFB and BFB and independently controlled fluidizing means located both upstream and downstream of the opening, is used to control the heat transfer to the IBHX by controlling the solids discharge from the BFB to the CFB. The elevation of the bottom of the opening is at or above the elevation of the fluidizing means. A flow control barrier may be located downstream of the opening.

In-bed solids control valve

An SNCR distribution grid for introducing a NOx reducing reactant into a flue gas flow. The grid is made of one or more elements which are formed by fluid-cooled tubes to which membrane pieces are attached, preferably by welding, to form conduits in between the tubes. The fluid-cooled tubes may be cooled by water and/or steam and the distribution grid is disposed in the flue gas flow. To admit the reactant into the flue gas, nozzles are provided in the membrane and the reactant is conveyed from a location external of the furnace or combustor enclosure, into the conduits so formed, and thence out into the Flue gas flow via the nozzles.

SNCR distribution grid

A system and method for quickly cooling and de-pressurizing a boiler arrangement in the event of a plant power loss, a.k.a. a black plant condition. A steam discharge system injects steam from the steam/water circuit into the furnace, thereby both cooling components of the boiler arrangement and reducing pressure in the steam/water circuit. This reduces or eliminates the additional cost associated with providing extra capacity in a steam drum and/or an independently powered boiler water pump. The system and method is particularly useful for quickly cooling the U-beams of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler during a black plant condition. In application to boiler arrangements with a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) system employing steam as a carrier for a NOreducing agent, the steam discharge system advantageously uses the discharge nozzles of the SNCR system to inject the steam into the furnace.

Black plant steam furnace injection

An integrated fluidized bed ash cooler for a fluidized bed boiler, particularly a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler, employs at least two fluidized bed sections positioned in series along a solids flow path. Each section contains fluidizing means, the first section along the solids path being separated from a following section with a threshold. The first section contains means for measuring a bed temperature in the vicinity of the fluidizing means and at a higher elevation within the fluidized bed. Means are provided for removing oversized bed material from the first section to facilitate the removal of ash while minimizing the possibility of ash plugging during operation.

Integrated fluidized bed ash cooler

An inert impingement surface that is pliable and which, when set in motion, works to shed itself of particle deposits. The pliable surface may be formed of a plurality of coactive members that co-operate with one another to clean-off the particle deposits from each other's surfaces. The coactive members may be in the form of chains, rods, cables, wires, granular inert materials such as gravel or metal balls or other impact means. The pliable surface may also be formed of a heat-resistant material which is caused to experience a continuing shape change, thereby casting-off the particle deposits adhering to the surface.

Growing community of inventors

Fairlawn, OH, United States of America

Mikhail Maryamchik