International Business Machines Corporation

Metso Fiber Karlstad Ab

Kvaerner Pulping Ab

Re:newcell Lux S.a.r.l.

Cleanflow Ab

Mikael H Lindstrom

Vidar Martin Snekkenes

John Jason Auvenshine

Christofer Lindgren

Bent Braum Holst

Perry J Gallo

Krister Olsson

Biswadeep Banerjee

Shahbaz A Shaik

Gunnar Henriksson

Johan Engstrom

Soren Gustavsson

Catrin Gustavsson

Lennart Borjeson

A method and system for improving operation of a memory device is provided. The method includes detecting, via sensors, environmental factors affecting an operation of individual hardware storage devices within an array of hardware storage devices. The environmental factors are analyzed with respect to operational characteristics of the individual hardware storage devices and a resulting expected failure rate for the individual hardware storage devices is determined. Array parameters associated with a hardware configuration for the array of hardware storage devices with respect to each expected failure rate are determined and associated issues are detected. Reliability characteristics and associated risks of the array of hardware storage devices are determined and a functionality of the array of hardware storage devices is modified.

Hardware storage device optimization

A method for predicting a failure of a complex storage environment is provided. An earliest expected incident of resource exhaustion on a data path of interest is predicted. The method includes monitoring a current utilization of one or more resources over a data path of interest, and calculating a maximum utilization threshold for each resource, such that exceeding the maximum utilization threshold adversely impacts one or more performance measures. An expected performance threshold is created that is associated with an expected performance. A maximum values of resource usage over time is analyzed to predict when the expected performance will fall outside of an acceptable overall performance threshold for the data path of interest to determine an earliest expected incident of resource exhaustion.

Analyzing performance and capacity of a complex storage environment for predicting expected incident of resource exhaustion on a data path of interest by analyzing maximum values of resource usage over time

Green liquor clarification comprising filtering of a flowing suspension containing solids, wherein the suspension is brought into contact with a first filter unit (), said 5 filter unit () comprising one or several filter elements () comprising one or several filter bodies () having filter channels () within the filter bodies () with a filtering layer (), a part of the suspension is forced to pass through the filtering layer () from a first/inner surface (A) to a second/outer surface (B) of the filtering layer () forming a filtrate while the solids substantially remains in a residual part of the suspension forming a slurry and where the filtering layer () is made of a membrane material with pores, said pores having a pore size of 0.1-10 micrometer, more preferred 0.1-5 micrometer and most preferred 0.2-1.0 micrometer.

Method and arrangement for clarifying green liquor

Alert conditions datasets are created from historic data taken from actual incidents for which the alert condition datasets are to indicate during future operations. A networked computers system including various devices is monitored for alert conditions associated with one, or more, of the devices. The severity of an alert is based on the number of alert conditions met for a given alert conditions dataset.

Determining alert criteria in a network environment

There is disclosed a process for the derivatization of cellulose comprising the sequential steps: a) mixing cellulose with a viscosity below 900 ml/g with an aqueous solution to obtain a liquid, wherein particles comprising cellulose in said liquid have a diameter of maximum 200 nm, wherein the temperature of the aqueous solution is below 20&#xb0; C., and wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is above 12, b) subjecting the liquid to at least one of the steps: i) decreasing the pH of the liquid with at least 1 pH unit, ii) increasing the temperature by at least 20&#xb0; C., and c) derivatization of the cellulose. Advantages include that there is provided the possibility to derivatize cellulose faster and to a greater extent after the treatment. Further the yield is improved. The product quality is improved and the manufacture is cheaper and easier.

Process for the derivatization of cellulose

There is disclosed a process for the hydrolysis of cellulose comprising the sequential steps (a) mixing cellulose with a viscosity below 900 ml/g with an aqueous solution to obtain a liquid, wherein particles comprising cellulose in said liquid have a diameter of maximum 200 nm, wherein the temperature of the aqueous solution is below 35&#xb0; C., and wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is above 12, (b) subjecting the liquid to at least one of the steps: (i) decreasing the pH of the liquid with at least 1 pH unit and (ii) increasing the temperature by at least 20&#xb0; C., and (c) hydrolyzing the cellulose. Moreover there is disclose glucose manufactured according to the method and ethanol manufactured from the glucose. Advantages include that the cellulose is hydrolyzed faster and to a greater extent after the treatment. The yield is increased.

Process for the hydrolysis of cellulose

The continuous digester system has an inlet defined therein for the feed of a chips suspension and an outlet for the output of a cooked suspension of pulp. The suspension of chips is fed in to the inlet through a line at the beginning of the cook, where the chips suspension has a volume of starting cooking fluid that establishes a fluid/wood ratio that is greater than 3.5. A final cooking fluid is present during the cook for the major part of the cock and is withdrawn through a withdrawal strainer only during the final 15 minutes of the cook. The final cooking fluid ensures a fluid/wood ratio that is greater than 3.5 in association with the withdrawal. The withdrawn final cooking fluid during the final 15 minutes of the cook consists of spent black liquor that maintains a residual alkali level that lies under 15 g/l.

Method and arrangement for continuous cooking

The continuous digester system has an inlet defined therein for the feed of a chips suspension and an outlet for the output of a cooked suspension of pulp. The suspension of chips is fed in to the inlet through a line at the beginning of the cook, where the chips suspension has a volume of starting cooking fluid that establishes a fluid/wood ratio that is greater than 3.5. A final cooking fluid is present during the cook for the major part of the cook and is withdrawn through a withdrawal strainer only during the final 15 minutes of the cook. The final cooking fluid ensures a fluid/wood ratio that is greater than 3.5 in association with the withdrawal. The withdrawn final cooking fluid during the final 15 minutes of the cook consists of spent black liquor that maintains a residual alkali level that lies under 15 g/l.

Method and device for the continuous cooking of pulp

The continuous digester system has an inlet defined therein for the feed of a chips suspension and an outlet for the output of a cooked suspension of pulp. The suspension or chips is fed in to the inlet through a line at the beginning of the cook, where the chips suspension has a volume of starting cooking fluid that establishes a fluid/wood ratio that is greater than 3.5. A final cooking fluid is present during the cook for the major part of the cook and is withdrawn through a withdrawal strainer only during the final 15 minutes of the cook. The final cooking fluid ensures a fluid/wood ratio that is greater than 3.5 in association with the withdrawal. The withdrawn final cooking fluid during the final 15 minutes of the cook consists of spent black liquor that maintains a residual alkali level that lies under 15 g/l.

The method is for cooking of cellulose pulp in which the raw material, preferably in the form of chips, undergoes a successive elevation of temperature towards the cooking temperature while the chips are first impregnated with an impregnation liquor followed by cooking in a cooking liquor that is preferably alkali. Through the addition of pre-evaporated black liquor, either as early as the impregnation stage or during the subsequent cooking stage, an improved delignification process is achieved in which the pulp obtains improved properties, primarily with respect to strength/viscosity for a given degree of delignification, and also with respect to yield. The method can be used both for continuous cooking and for batch cooking of cellulose pulp.

Cooking of cellulose pulp in a cooking liquor containing pre-evaporated black liquor

The continuous digester is for producing chemical pulp to a process for operating this digester and to a feedback system for the cooking liquid. By means of implementing cooking zones 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th down through the digester, that have a successively decreasing liquid-to-wood ratio, it is possible to obtain a more uniform alkali profile during the cooking. The alkali is kept high at the beginning by means of a high liquid-to-wood ratio, typically over 6:1, which exceeds conventional liquid-to-wood ratios, which are normally around 3.5-5.0:1.

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Sollentuna, Sweden

Mikael H Lindstrom