American Cyanamid Company

Cytec Technology Corporation

Michael N O'Connor

Hans P Panzer

Louis J Baccei

Anthony T Coscia

Roderick Glyn Ryles

Lesley J Barker

Stable, water-in-oil emulsions are prepared wherein the aqueous phase thereof contains a water-soluble polymer and the oil phase thereof contains a partially esterified lower N,N-dialkanol fatty amine emulsifier by the emulsion polymerization of water-soluble monomers at a ratio of aqueous phase to oil phase of about 2 to 1 to about 3.5 to 1 and a monomer content of at least about 20%, by weight, wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of a second emulsifier comprising a non-ionic, reaction product of ethylene oxide and a long chain compound containing a reactive hydroxyl and/or carboxyl group and having an HLB of above 5 but less than 14, the total weight of the emulsifiers comprising about 1-5% of the emulsion wherein the second emulsifier constitutes from about 10 to about 150% of the weight of the fatty amide and contains less than 0.1 weight percent of sorbitan, sorbitol mixtures thereof and derivatives thereof.

Low setting water-in-oil emulsions

A stable, water-in-oil emulsion comprising an aqueous phase containing a water soluble polymer and an oil phase containing a partially esterified lower N,N-dialkanol fatty amine emulsifier, the ratio of the aqueous phase to the oil phase ranging from about a 2:1 to about 3:5:1 and the polymer content of the emulsion being at least 20%, by weight based on the total weight of the emulsion, wherein said oil phase also contains a second emulsifier comprising a nonionic, reaction product of ethylene oxide and a long chain compound containing a reactive hydroxyl and/or carboxyl group and having an HLB above 5 but less than 14, the total weight of the emulsifiers comprises about 1-5% of the emulsion, and the second emulsifier constitutes from about 10 to 150% of the weight of the fatty amide and contains less than 0.1 weight percent of sorbitan, sorbitol, mixture thereof and derivatives thereof.

Low settling water-in-oil emulsions

A cationic copolymer is prepared by first dissolving the total quantity of a suitable nonionic monomer in water. To this solution there is added up to about 95 mole percent of the total quantity of a suitable cationic monomer of greater reactivity than the nonionic monomer. The solution is then emulsified in a sufficient quantity of a hydrocarbon oil so as to provide a water-in-oil emulsion, with the water phase dispersed. Polymerization is then initiated with incremental additions of the withheld cationic monomer continuing throughout the copolymerization reaction. The resulting cationic copolymer exhibits a uniform distribution of cationic moieties along the polymer chain length which, in turn, has been shown to be a surprisingly more effective cationic copolymer when employed as a dewatering aid.

Preparation of a cationic copolymer

Use of a cationic copolymer prepared by incremental addition of a cationic monomer during the polymerization reaction of a nonionic monomer in the drainage of formed paper provides improved performance characteristics.

Process for draining formed paper

Use of quaternized Mannich bases of low molecular weight polyacrylamides is highly effective in clarifying coal wash waters.

Process for clarifying coal wash waters

Use of quaternized Mannich bases of low molecular weight polyacrylamides is highly effective in clarification of iron ore slimes.

Process for clarifying iron ore slimes

Use of a low molecular weight polyacrylamide modified to provide quaternized dimethylaminomethyl groups in the clarification of raw water provides improved clarification.

Process for clarifying raw water

Homopolymer of compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or 1, m is 1, X is an anion, R' is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, individually, hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, polymers thereof are produced by melt cracking a compound having the formula ##STR2## wherein Z is ##STR3## wherein Y is hydroxyl or RO, R being alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, and R.sup.1 -R.sup.4, n, m and X are as set forth above.

Method of preparing imidozoline and tetrahydro pyrimidine polymers

Compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein n and m are, individually, 0 or 1, X is an anion, R' is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, individually, hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, polymers thereof and methods for their production, are disclosed.

Method of preparing pyrimidines

Polymers of compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein n and m are, individually, 0 or 1, X is an anion, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl and R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, individually, hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, and methods for their production, are disclosed.

Unsaturated imidazolines

Addition polymers of unsaturated imidazolines

Compounds having the formulae ##STR1## wherein Y is hydroxyl or R.sup.2 O, wherein R.sup.2 is alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, R' is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl and Z is ##STR2## wherein n and m are, individually, 0 or 1, X is a halogen, R.sup.3 is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are, individually, hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, and methods for their production, are disclosed.

Propionimidate hydrohalides

Compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein Y is R.sup.2 O, R.sup.2 being alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.10), R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl and Z is ##STR2## WHEREIN M IS 0 OR 1, X is halogen, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are, individually, hydrogen, alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), aryl (C.sub.6 -C.sub.10), alkaryl (C.sub.7 -C.sub.11) or aralkyl (C.sub.7 -C.sub.11) and R.sup.6 is alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), aryl (C.sub.6 -C.sub.10), alkaryl (C.sub.7 -C.sub.11) or aralkyl (C.sub.7 -C.sub.11), are disclosed.

Alkoxy imidazolines

Compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.2 , R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, individually, hydrogen, alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), aryl (C.sub.6 -C.sub.10), aralkyl (C.sub.7 -C.sub.11) or alkaryl (C.sub.7 -C.sub.11) are prepared by heating hydroxyethyl or hydrocarbyloxyethyl imidazolines at 275.degree.-500.degree. and in the presence of a catalyst. Salts are also prepared.

Process for preparing unsaturated imidazolines

Compounds having the formulae ##STR1## wherein Y is hydroxyl or R.sup.2 O, wherein R.sup.2 is alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, R.sup.1 is hydrogen, methyl or phenyl, Z is ##STR2## and Q is ##STR3## wherein n and m are, individually, 0 or 1, X is a halogen, R.sup.3 is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl and R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are, individually, hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, and methods for their production, are disclosed.

Growing community of inventors

Norwalk, CT, United States of America

Michael N O'Connor