Research Triangle Institute

The United States of America As Represented by the Department of Health

The United States of America Represented by the Secretary of Health and

Michael J Kuhar

Frank Ivy Carroll

Philip Abraham

Anita H Lewin

John W Boja

George R Uhl

Amrat Patel

Chien-Liang Lin

Joh W Boja

Shoichi Shimada

Shigeo Kitayama

A class of binding ligands for cocaine receptors and other receptors in the brain. Specifically, a novel family of compounds shows high binding specificity and activity, and, in a radiolabeled form, can be used to bind to these receptors, for biochemical assays and imaging techniques. Such imaging is useful for determining effective doses of new drug candidates in human populations. In addition, the high specificity, slow onset and long duration of the action of these compounds at the receptors makes them particularly well suited for therapeutic uses, for example as substitute medication for psychostimulant abuse. Some of these compounds may be useful in treating Parkinson's Disease or depression, by virtue of their inhibitory properties at monoamine transporters.

Cocaine receptor binding ligands

Tropane derivatives having a high binding affinity and selectivity for dopamine transporters bear, on the tropane backbone either a carboxylic ester or isoxazole moiety, as well as a substituted phenyl moiety. The compounds have utility both as pharmaceutical and as imaging agents, when one or more atoms are radioactive.

The invention relates to novel compounds which show high affinity for cocaine receptors in the brain, particularly dopamine and serotonin transporter sites. The compounds may be used as imaging or pharmaceutical agents, in the diagnosis and treatment of drug addiction, depression, anorexia and neurodegenerative diseases or in determining the doses of therapeutic agents that occupy significant numbers of receptors.

The invention relates to novel compounds which show high affinity for cocaine receptors in the brain, particularly dopamine and serotonin transporter sites. The compounds may be used as imaging or pharmaceutical agents, in the diagnosis and treatment of drug addiction, depression, anorexia and neurodegenerative diseases.

The 3&agr; isomer of RTI-55, RTI-352, is an effective in vivo binding ligand that reflects greater selectivity for the dopamine transporter than is observed with RTI-55. In addition, there is also a more rapid achievement of apparent equilibrium in the striatal-to-cerebellar ratio (compared to RTI-55) as the ratio peaks at about 30 min and is maintained for about 20 min thereafter. Such apparent equilibrium is useful in developing an approach to measuring the number of dopamine transporters present in tissues. Moreover, these results indicate that the utilization of 3&agr; isomers of a variety of 3&bgr;-(substituted phenyl)tropanes will result in greater selectivity for dopamine transporters and a more rapid of achievement of apparent equilibrium.

Dopamine transporter imaging ligand

The invention relates to a method of controlling an invertebrate pest, comprising contacting the pest with a pest-controlling amount of an agent having substantial inhibitory activity toward a phenylethanolamine reuptake transporter as determined by radioactive octopamine reuptake inhibition assay is disclosed. Compositions comprising compounds capable of inhibiting the octopamine reuptake transporter include cocaine analogs. A process for inhibiting the feeding of an invertebrate pest comprising contacting said pest with a pest-controlling amount of an agent having substantial inhibitory activity toward a phenylethanolamine reuptake transporter as determined by radioactive octopamine reuptake inhibition assay, with the proviso that said agent is not cocaine. A process for delaying the maturation of a juvenile invertebrate by contacting it with an inhibitory amount of a phenylethanolamine reuptake transporter blocker is also disclosed. A radioactive phenylethanolamine reuptake inhibition assay for determining whether a given compound is an inhibitor of octopamine neuronal transport is also disclosed.

Methods for controlling invertebrate pests using cocaine receptor

Novel compounds show high affinity for specific cocaine receptors in the brain, particularly dopamine transporter sites, and have the formula ##STR1## Wherein Y=CONRR.sub.2, R.sub.1 =hydrogen, C.sub.1-5 alkyl,

Novel compounds show high affinity for specific cocaine receptors in the brain, particularly dopamine transporter sites, and have the formula ##STR1## Wherein Y=CH.sub.2 R.sub.3, CO.sub.2 R.sub.2 or ##STR2## R.sub.1 =hydrogen, C.sub.1-5 alkyl, R.sub.2 =hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.3-8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkynyl, halogen or amine,

The invention described in this disclosure relates to a cloned cDNA encoding the dopamine transporter protein usually found in certain neural cells. The invention is further directed to the purified dopamine transporter protein and its use as a biosensor material and immunogen for the production of anti-DAT1 antibodies. The disclosure also discusses methods for use of the cDNA for diagnostic and treatment applications, and methods for use of permanent cell lines transformed with the dopamine transporter cDNA for pharmaceutical screening. The use of anti-DAT1 antibodies as a diagnostic tool is also addressed.

CDNA encoding a dopamine transporter

3.beta.-[4-iodophenyl]-tropan-2.beta.-carboxylic acid methyl ester tartrate is a high affinity binding ligand for neurotransmitters in mammalian brains. It and its congeners may be employed for imaging and other brain scanning techniques that allow the determination of the presence of cocaine receptors, such as neurotransmitters and the like.

Growing community of inventors

Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Michael J Kuhar