Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated

Mallinckrodt, Inc.

Nellcor Incorporated

Draeger Medical Systems, Inc.

Tyco Healthcare Group LP

Michael J Bernstein

Adnan I Merchant

Paul David Mannheimer

Michael E Fein

Charles E Porges

Terrence R Bennett

Jerry K Okikawa

Charles A Richardson

Thomas J Yorkey

David C Jenkins

K L Venkatachalam

Charles H Bowden

Clark Baker

David B Swedlow

Michael W Nootbaar

James E Luecke

Lee M Middleman

Bradford B Chew

Clifford Mark Kelly

Michael Joseph Riley

Johnnie W Huang

Matthew Mozur

Willem A Crone

William L Shea

Dennis E Kovach

Ralph Anderson

Sensors and monitors for a physiological monitoring system having capability to indicate an accuracy of an estimated physiological condition. The sensor senses at least one physiological characteristic of a patient and is connectable to a monitor that estimates the physiological condition from signals detected by the sensor. The sensor includes a detector for detecting the signals from the patient which are indicative of the physiological characteristic. The sensor is associated with a memory configured to store data that defines at least one sensor signal specification boundary for the detected signals. The boundary is indicative of a quality of the signals and an accuracy of the physiological characteristic estimated from the signals by the monitor. The sensor further includes means for providing access to the memory to allow transmission of the data that defines the at least one sensor boundary to the monitor.

Method and circuit for indicating quality and accuracy of physiological measurements

A system for reducing signal interference in modulated signal communication includes a measurement processor. The measurement processor measures amplitudes of noise components of a received amplitude modulated signal prior to demodulation. The measurement processor also identifies a frequency of a noise component having an amplitude larger than the amplitude of another noise component. A carrier frequency generator generates a carrier frequency substantially at a harmonic of the identified noise component. The carrier frequency is used to generate and demodulate the amplitude modulated signal.

System for reducing signal interference in modulated signal communication

A system and method for adjusting power employed by a light emitting device used for medical applications, such as measurement of patient parameter. A system or device includes a light emitting device, a power unit coupled to the light emitting device for powering the light emitting device and responsive to a control signal for adjusting power applied to the light emitting device, and a control unit for providing the control signal and coupled to the power unit, the control signal being determined in response to a characteristic of a signal associated with a physiological parameter measured using light produced by the light emitting device.

Power conserving adaptive control system for generating signal in portable medical devices

The present invention provides a medical sensor for detecting a blood characteristic. The sensor includes a transducer for producing an analog signal related to the blood characteristic. The analog signal is converted into a transmission signal which is in amplitude-independent form for transmission to a remote analyzer. In one embodiment, a current-to-frequency converter converts a signal from a pulse oximeter sensor into a frequency signal which can be transmitted over a transmission line to a remote pulse oximeter.

Medical sensor with amplitude independent output

A method for operating an oximeter sensor, and corresponding apparatus, which includes an encoded temperature characteristic of a light emitter in the sensor. The encoded temperature characteristic is read, and is used to modify a drive of the light emitter in the sensor. This enables a light emitter to be operated at its maximum allowable intensity to maximize a signal to noise ratio, without burning a patient, in accordance with the particular characteristics of that light emitter.

Oximeter sensor with encoded temperature characteristic

An encoding element which is backward compatible and will provide a single coded value to older analyzers in response to first signal, but will also provide a second coded value to a new analyzer or monitor. In one embodiment, both coded values are provided over the same first and second leads which are compatible with existing sensors. In another embodiment, a first voltage level produces a first current from the encoding element, while a second voltage level will produce the second coded value. In another embodiment, a first coded value is provided in response to a DC current from older analyzers. A second coded value is provided in response to a AC signal from newer analyzers. Yet another embodiment provides the coded value in the form of a resonant circuit in the AC driven mode. In another embodiment, the first coded value is provided over the same two leads after a period of time, with the second value being provided prior to that period of time passing.

Multiple-code oximeter calibration element

An oximeter sensor with an encoding element connected to the photodetector. The encoding element is read by reverse-biasing the photodetector, rather than using a lower voltage.

Oximeter sensor with encoder connected to detector

The present invention provides an encoding mechanism for a medical sensor which uses a modulated signal to provide the coded data to a remote analyzer. The modulated signal could be, for instance, a pulse width modulated signal or a frequency modulated signal. This signal is amplitude independent and thus provides a significant amount of noise immunity.

Medical sensor with modulated encoding scheme

A method and apparatus for conserving power in a medical diagnostic apparatus by using a sleep mode during a monitoring state. The sleep mode allows not only the processor to be put to sleep, but other detection circuitry as well. This is accomplished by not relying on detecting events to awaken the sleeping circuitry, but rather establishing the stability of a physiological parameter before going to sleep. The invention monitors a physiological parameter of the patient and enters a sleep mode only after it has been stable for a predetermined period of time. The apparatus is periodically awakened from the sleep mode to take additional measurements and to ascertain that the stability of the physiological parameter has not changed. In one embodiment, the sleep period is chosen to be consistent with the period in which an alarm condition would need to be generated if a patient's condition started to quickly change.

Medical diagnostic apparatus with sleep mode

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for adapting to noise sources affecting a pulse oximeter. Various available frequencies are evaluated to determine their respective noise levels and one is selected to act as the operating demultiplexer frequency. During normal operation of the pulse oximeter, the various available demultiplexer frequencies are periodically scanned to determine which has the lowest associated noise. The noise level associated with the operating frequency is used to determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulse oximeter signals and thereby qualify certain signals from the pulse oximeter. Those pulses associated with a signal-to-noise ratio below a predetermined threshold are rejected and excluded from use in calculating blood oxygen saturation.

Method and apparatus for reducing ambient noise effects in electronic

A method and apparatus for conserving power in a medical diagnostic apparatus by using a sleep mode during a monitoring state. The invention monitors physiological parameters of the patient and enters a sleep mode only after they have been stable for a predetermined period of time. The apparatus is periodically awakened from the sleep mode to take additional measurements and to ascertain that the stability of the physiological parameters has not changed.

Growing community of inventors

San Ramon, CA, United States of America

Michael J Bernstein