Sandia Corporation

National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC

Michael Hibbs

Susan J Altman

Paul B Savage

Murat Okandan

Gregory Nolan Nielson

Paul J Resnick

Jose Luis Cruz-Campa

Carlos Anthony Sanchez

Cy Fujimoto

Vipin P Gupta

Peggy J Clews

Howland D T Jones

Jeffrey S Nelson

Timothy N Lambert

David R Wheeler

Clifford Kuofei Ho

Paul Gilbert Clem

Kevin R Zavadil

Adam W Cook

Christopher J Cornelius

Michael A Hickner

Andrea Ambrosini

Laura Biedermann

Kirsten Norman

A moldable photovoltaic module is provided. The module includes a flexible polymeric flex-circuit substrate having an electrically conductive printed wiring pattern and solder pads defined on it. Small photovoltaic cells are affixed to the flex-circuit substrate by back-surface contacts in electrical contact with the solder pads. At least one thermoformable polymeric film is joined to the flex-circuit substrate. Each said solder pad comprises a solder composition that, after an initial melt, has a melting point that lies above at least a portion of the temperature range for thermoforming the polymeric film.

Moldable photovoltaic solar cell module

A membrane assembly is provided. The membrane assembly includes a non-metallic, porous substrate. A graphene oxide membrane is formed over the non-metallic, porous substrate. A chemical linker interface covalently binds the graphene oxide membrane to the non-metallic, porous substrate.

Filtration membranes

A method is provided for making a molded photovoltaic module. The module includes a flexible polymeric flex-circuit substrate having an electrically conductive printed wiring pattern and solder pads defined on it. Small photovoltaic cells are affixed to the flex-circuit substrate by back-surface contacts in electrical contact with the solder pads. At least one thermoformable polymeric film is joined to the flex-circuit substrate. Each said solder pad comprises a solder composition that, after an initial melt, has a melting point that lies above at least a portion of the temperature range for thermoforming the polymeric film.

An apparatus includes an electrochemical half-cell comprising: an electrolyte, an anode; and an ionomeric barrier positioned between the electrolyte and the anode. The anode may comprise a multi-electron vanadium phosphorous. The electrochemical half-cell is configured to oxidize the vanadium and phosphorous alloy to release electrons. A method of mitigating corrosion in an electrochemical cell includes disposing an ionomeric barrier in a path of electrolyte or ion flow to an anode and mitigating anion accumulation on the surface of the anode.

Electrochemical cell having a vanadium phosphorous alloy electrode

An apparatus includes an electrochemical half-cell comprising: an electrolyte, an anode; and an ionomeric barrier positioned between the electrolyte and the anode. The anode may comprise a multi-electron vanadium phosphorous alloy, such as VP, wherein x is 1-5. The electrochemical half-cell is configured to oxidize the vanadium and phosphorous alloy to release electrons. A method of mitigating corrosion in an electrochemical cell includes disposing an ionomeric barrier in a path of electrolyte or ion flow to an anode and mitigating anion accumulation on the surface of the anode.

Electrochemical cell structure including an ionomeric barrier

A composition and method of forming a composition including a compound including a poly(phenylene) backbone represented by the following formula: wherein each of R, Rand Rmay be the same or different and is H or an unsubstituted or inertly-substituted aromatic moiety; wherein Aris an unsubstituted or inertly-substituted aromatic moiety; wherein Ris an alkylene, perfluoroalkyl, polyethylene glycol, or polypropylene glycol moiety; wherein each of R, R, R, R, Rand Ris H or a monovalent hydrocarbon group including two to 18 carbon atoms, with the proviso that each R, R, R, R, Rand Rcannot be H; and wherein each of Y, Y, Y, Y, Yand Ymay be the same or different and is H or a functional group are disclosed. The composition can be used as anion-exchange membranes and as an electrode binder material in anion exchange membrane fuel cells.

Poly(phenylene alkylene)-based lonomers

A composition and an anion exchange membranes including a composition and a method of forming a composition including a compound including a poly(phenylene) backbone represented by the following formula: wherein each of R, Rand Rmay be the same or different and is H or an unsubstituted or inertly-substituted aromatic moiety; wherein each of Arand Armay be the same or different and is an unsubstituted or inertly-substituted aromatic moiety; wherein each of R, R, R, R, Rand Ris H or a monovalent hydrocarbon group including two to 18 carbon atoms, with the proviso that each R, R, R, R, Rand Rcannot be H; and wherein each of Y, Y, Y, Y, Yand Ymay be the same or different and is H or a functional group.

Functionalization of poly(phenylene) by the attachment of sidechains

This invention relates to methods for chemically grafting and attaching ceragenin molecules to polymer substrates; methods for synthesizing ceragenin-containing copolymers; methods for making ceragenin-modified water treatment membranes and spacers; and methods of treating contaminated water using ceragenin-modified treatment membranes and spacers. Ceragenins are synthetically produced antimicrobial peptide mimics that display broad-spectrum bactericidal activity. Alkene-functionalized ceragenins (e.g., acrylamide-functionalized ceragenins) can be attached to polyamide reverse osmosis membranes using amine-linking, amide-linking, UV-grafting, or silane-coating methods. In addition, silane-functionalized ceragenins can be directly attached to polymer surfaces that have free hydroxyls.

Methods for attaching polymerizable ceragenins to water treatment membranes using amine and amide linkages

Biofouling-resistant ceragenin-modified materials and structures for water treatment

Methods for attaching polymerizable ceragenins to water treatment membranes using silane linkages

An array of airfoil-shaped micro-mixers that enhances fluid mixing within permeable membrane channels, such as used in reverse-osmosis filtration units, while minimizing additional pressure drop. The enhanced mixing reduces fouling of the membrane surfaces. The airfoil-shaped micro-mixer can also be coated with or comprised of biofouling-resistant (biocidal/germicidal) ingredients.

Airfoil-shaped micro-mixers for reducing fouling on membrane surfaces

Improved multi-block sulfonated poly(phenylene) copolymer compositions, methods of making the same, and their use as proton exchange membranes (PEM) in hydrogen fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells, in electrode casting solutions and electrodes. The multi-block architecture has defined, controllable hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments. These improved membranes have better ion transport (proton conductivity) and water swelling properties.

Multi-block sulfonated poly(phenylene) copolymer proton exchange membranes

A poly(phenylene) compound of copolymers that can be prepared with either random or multiblock structures where a first polymer has a repeat unit with a structure of four sequentially connected phenyl rings with a total of 2 pendant phenyl groups and 4 pendant tolyl groups and the second polymer has a repeat unit with a structure of four sequentially connected phenyl rings with a total of 6 pendant phenyl groups. The second polymer has chemical groups attached to some of the pendant phenyl groups selected from CH, CHBr, and CHN(CH)Br groups. When at least one group is CHN(CH)Br, the material functions as an anion exchange membrane.

Poly(phenylene)-based anion exchange membrane

An epoxy-crosslinked sulfonated poly(phenylene) copolymer composition used as proton exchange membranes, methods of making the same, and their use as proton exchange membranes (PEM) in hydrogen fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cell, in electrode casting solutions and electrodes, and in sulfur dioxide electrolyzers. These improved membranes are tougher, have higher temperature capability, and lower SOcrossover rates.

Growing community of inventors

Albuquerque, NM, United States of America

Michael Hibbs