Linde Aktiengesellschaft

Other

Huls Aktiengesellschaft

Prosernat

Linde Akitengesellschaft

Its Reaktortechnik Gmbh

Michael Heisel

Freimut Marold

Reiner Lohmueller

Gerhard Ranke

Gerhard Linde

Dietrich Maschmeyer

Hans Becker

Karl Baur

Wolfgang G Forg

Helmut Schneider

Ulrich Lahne

Benoit Mares

Markus Raab

Aldo Belloni

Martin Gwinner

Josef Sporer

Rainer Zeller

Karl Hobel

Robert Walter

Klaus-Dieter Daun

A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur recovery from a HS-containing gas stream by catalytic direct oxidation and Claus reaction through two or more serially connected catalytic reactors, wherein a specific control of the oxygen supplement is operated. The control and improvement of the process is obtained by complementing, in each major step of the process, the HS-containing gas stream by a suitable flow of oxygen, namely before the HS-containing gas stream enters the Claus furnace, in the first reactor of the process and in the last reactor of the process. Especially in application in a SubDewPoint sulfur recovery process the HS/SOratio is kept constant also during switch-over of the reactors R1 and R by adding the last auxiliary oxygen containing gas directly upstream the last reactor R so that the HS/SOratio can follow the signal of the ADA within a few seconds.

Removal of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur recovery from a gas stream by catalytic direct oxidation and claus reaction

The application relates to a process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream by catalytic direct oxidation without employing the combustion step of a Claus process. The process is particularly suitable for desulfurization of gas streams that contain hydrogen and allows sulfur recovery efficiency of better than 99%.

Process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream

The invention relates to a reactor for carrying out reactions having a high enthalpy change containing catalyst particles between cooled dividing walls. According to the invention, the cooled dividing walls are formed by metal plates/metallic components in which hollow or intermediate spaces in the form of channels are provided in the metal plates/components for accommodating and conveying a cooling medium so as to cool the reactor. The reactor can be used for carrying out strongly exothermic catalytic reactions, for example for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene.

Reactor for carrying out reactions having a high enthalpy change

The invention relates to a process for the production of ethylene oxide from a gaseous feedstock&mdash;in a cooled exothermic catalytic reaction of ethylene and oxygen from this feed gas in parallel flow-through reaction zones. According to the invention, the reaction zones are limited by cooled dividing walls, and the cooling is achieved by a fluid that flows inside the dividing walls. In addition, the invention relates to a reactor for this purpose with catalyst particles between cooled dividing walls. According to the invention, the cooled dividing walls are formed with the aid of metal plates, and cavities in the form of channels for receiving and for passing through a coolant are arranged for cooling in the metal plates.

Method and reactor for producing ethylene oxide

This invention is a method for the recovery of elemental sulfur from a gas mixture containing H.sub.2 S. The gas mixture is first subjected to desulfurization in a Claus installation which has a thermal part and a catalytic part resulting in the recovery of elemental sulfur. Sulfur compounds still contained in the Claus tail gas are then transformed into H.sub.2 S by means of hydrogenation and, if necessary, by means of hydrolysis and the hydrogenated Claus tail gas is subjected to catalytic direct oxidation of the H.sub.2 S to elemental sulfur. The Claus installation comprises exactly one catalytic stage and the catalytic direct oxidation also takes place in exactly one reactor. Sulfur recovery rates of 99.3% to 99.6% are achieved by the method of the invention.

Method for the recovery of elemental sulfur from a gas mixture

Process for the removal of HCN from gas mixtures

Process for the desulfurization of a crude gas containing H.sub.2 S

For the thermal conversion of hydrogen sulfide contained in a gaseous stream, the gaseous stream is introduced into a non-catalytic reactor together with sulfur dioxide obtained from a waste gas purification facility arranged downstream of the reactor. If necessary, the sulfur yield can be regulated by feeding additional fuel gas and/or reducing gas and/or process air into the reactor. The thus-produced vapor-phase sulfur is condensed out by cooling and is obtained as a product; the resultant gaseous stream extensively freed of sulfur compounds is discharged and fed into the aforesaid downstream waste gas purification facility.

Process for thermal conversion of hydrogen sufide to elemental sulfur

A process and apparatus for performing catalytic reactions with intensive heat of reaction in which a reaction mixture is conducted through a catalyst bed, from which the reaction heat is removed or to which it is fed by indirect heat exchange with a heat exchange medium. The catalyst bed adjoins at least one bed of a catalytically inert material, which also is in indirect heat exchange with the heat exchange medium.

Apparatus for performing catalytic reactions

For the treatment of a wastewater containing sour gases with a stripping gas, resultant stripping gas containing the sour gases is introduced into at least one combustion stage within the total process for recovery of the sulfur-containing components, the wastewater being stripped with at least a portion of the amount of O.sub.2 -containing gas required in the subsequent combustion stages.

Process for treating wastewater which contains sour gases

A process for performing catalytic reactions with intensive heat of reaction, in which a reaction mixture is conducted through a catalyst bed, from which the reaction heat is removed or to which it is fed by indirect heat exchange with a heat exchange medium. The catalyst bed adjoins at least one bed of a catalytically inert material, which also is in indirect heat exchange with the heat exchange medium.

Process for performing catalytic reactions

A process and apparatus for conducting a catalytic reaction of H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 to elementary sulfur provides for at least two catalyst beds and that at least one part of one of the catalyst beds is operated during the reaction at below the sulfur dew point, preferably below the solids condensation point, and above the water dew point. The adsorbed and deposited sulfur is removed by heating and evaporation. At least two serially connected and interchangeable reactors are employed in preferably a single flow direction in one cycle, and the flow direction of the gas stream is reversed in a second cycle by means of a multiway fitting.

Process and reactor for catalytic reaction of H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 to

A process is disclosed for the purification of a gaseous stream contaminated at least with CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S. The gaseous stream is preheated and subjected, in the presence of recycled SO.sub.2, to a catalytic conversion of H.sub.2 S into elemental sulfur. The thus-obtained sulfur is separated, and the residual gas, which contains at least H.sub.2 S, SO.sub.2, CO.sub.2, and water, is freed absorptively from SO.sub.2 after oxidative conversion of H.sub.2 S to SO.sub.2. It is proposed that the residual gas, after oxidative conversion of H.sub.2 S to SO.sub.2, is cooled in heat exchangers, preferably regenerators, and is subsequently scrubbed with a solvent consisting predominantly of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether.

Claus residual gas cleanup using tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ethers as

In a sulfur condenser and degasser system associated with a Claus furnace, the condenser comprises a wound cross-countercurrent heat exchanger. Liquid sulfur is passed into the top of the condenser as reflux so that ascending sulfur droplets can be coalesced and the condenser can act as a rectifying column. The degassing is preferably carried out substantially simultaneously with the formation of liquid sulfur.

Sulfur condenser and degasser unit

For conducting exothermic catalytic reactions, e.g., production of methane from CO.sub.x and H.sub.2, a reactor is cooled internally by indirect heat exchange with a single heat exchanger provided in the reactor feed inlet region with a gradually increasing surface intensity (defined as the product of the overall coefficient of thermal conductivity, (h), of the tube wall times the cooling surface density, m.sup.2 /m.sup.3) reaching a maximum intensity at a central zone of the heat exchanger where the preponderant cooling occurs. A zone of gradually decreasing cooling surface intensity may also be provided at the outlet end of the reactor, and uncooled adiabatic zones may be incorporated in the zones immediate the inlet and outlet ends of the reactor.

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Pullach, Germany

Michael Heisel