Pacific Scientific Energetic Materials Company

Other

USA As Represented by Secretary of the Navy

Arizona State University

Jetaire Aerospace, LLC

US Government As Represented by the Secretary of the Army

The United States of America As Represented by the Administrator of the

Sri International

Pacific Scientific Energetic Materials Company (arizona) LLC

Michael D Williams

John William Fronabarger

George R Pettit

Jon G Bragg

William B Sanborn, Jr

Jayaram K Srirangam

James C Fletcher

Andreas Kling

Andreas Haupt

Bernd Janssen

Michael E Sitzmann

Teresa Barlozzari

Jeffrey C Bottaro

Mynor J Castro

Mark A Petrie

Neha Mehta

Gartung Cheng

Edwin Allen Spomer

Robert Arthur McCoy

William Grant Seeglitz

Robert Nicholas Renz

Magdy Bichay

Ja H Lee

Jason B Pattison

Frank Hohl

Patrick A Caruana

Karl Oyler

Steven H Marino

Jayaram Kasturi Srirangam

Russell J De Young

Russell J DeYoung

Bradley Sleadd

Kieran P M Durkin

Kin Yee

Gilbert H Walker

Thomas Matthias Klapötke

Gregory L Schuster

Davin Glenn Piercey

Nelson W Jalufka

Akash Shah

John Marin

Pamela Tran

The use of flexible foam material to provide ignition mitigation in fuel tanks is described. In one example, a system for ignition mitigation includes a number of foam blocks, wherein each foam block is pre-cut from a flexible foam material. Each foam block can have a unique profile corresponding to inner surfaces of a fuel tank at a particular sector within a compartment of the fuel tank. In other aspects, one or more of the foam blocks can include one or more upper cutouts to provide clearance for upper stiffeners in the fuel tank, one or more lower cutouts to provide clearance for lower stiffeners in the fuel tank, and one or more arcuate cutouts to provide clearance for a tank fuel pump. The foam blocks can be arranged in a stack corresponding to a sequential installation at respective sectors within the compartment of the fuel tank.

Method and material for accomplishing ignition mitigation in tanks containing flammable liquid

A method utilizing quantities of flexible foam material inserted into a fuel tank, thereby providing ignition mitigation and minimizing the risk of explosion in the tank. The foam material is sculpted into a few, or a substantial quantity of foam blocks. In large-scale installations, the blocks are labeled according to exact placement within a stacking pattern that replicates the tank interior. The blocks are inserted by technicians through existing access ports until the tank is filled, excepting minimal planned void spaces. The foam material establishes ignition mitigation by acting as an ignition blocker, mechanically interfering with the compression wave created by a flame front in an explosion, and changing the vaporous mixture-above the fuel level in the tank. Upon completion of foam insertion, the fuel tank is filled with purging fluid, drained through a filter until no debris is found, and a new maximum fuel quantity recalibrated.

Described are methods of preparing silver azide comprising reacting a silver salt, an azide salt, ammonium hydroxide, and a hydrolysable ester at an elevated temperature.

Method for preparation of silver azide

A process method utilizing customized, specifically-shaped pieces of reticulated polyurethane foam (RPF) to fill an aircraft fuel tank or tank compartment to provide ignition mitigation and prevent explosion in the tank. The process involves inserting the shaped pieces of RPF through existing access ports into a fuel tank in order to fill the tank, excepting minimal planned void spaces. This process effects ignition mitigation by acting as an ignition blocker, mechanically interfering with the compression wave that precedes the flame front in an explosion, and changing the vaporous mixture above the fuel level (ullage) in the tank. The foam pieces are assembled and fitted together throughout the tank in a pattern that replicates the shape of the tank. After the foam insertion is complete, the fuel tank is filled with purging fluid, drained through a filter until no debris is found, and the new maximum fuel quantity is recalibrated.

Block foam method of accomplishing ignition mitigation in aircraft fuel tanks

Lead free microdet electric detonators comprising a bridgewire having milled DBX-1 as a spot charge and unmilled DBX-1 as the intermediate material. Such improved microdet electric detonator is free of lead azide and lead styphnate, but with comparable stability, power and sensitivity to current lead-based M100 electric detonators.

Electric detonator with milled and unmilled DBX-1

Described are methods for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate that include reacting aqueous solutions of 5-aminotetrazole, an acid, and sodium nitrite in a continuous flow system at an ambient temperature.

Facile method for preparation of sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate using a flow system

Described are methods for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate that include reacting aqueous solutions of 5-aminotetrazole, an acid, and sodium nitrite in a continuous flow system at an elevated temperature.

Facile method for preparation of 5-nitrotetrazolates using a flow system

Described are methods for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate by reacting 5-aminotetrazole, an acid, and sodium nitrite in water in a batch reaction at an elevated temperature. As examples, the acid is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, or hydrochloric acid, and the elevated temperature is at or above 65&#xb0; C.

Facile method for preparation of 5-nitrotetrazolates using a batch system

Described are methods for preparing copper(I) 5-nitrotetrazolate, which include reacting copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, sodium nitrite, 5-aminotetrazole, and at least one of nitric acid and urea in water.

Method for preparation of a lead-free primary explosive

A batch reactor process for the synthesis of potassium 5,7-dinitro-[2,1,3]-benzoxadiazol-4-olate-3-oxide (KDNP) from 3-bromo-2,4,6-trinitroanisole (ETNA) includes adding BTNA to a reaction vessel containing potassium azide (KN) and water (HO). The resulting mixture is heated to 90&#xb0; C. followed by cooling to room temperature and agitating the final solution. The precipitate KDNP product is recovered by filtration.

Single reaction vessel process for synthesis of salts of DNP

A vehicle destabilizing device that provides for the selective, remotely-deployed deflection and/or overturning of a targeted vehicle regardless of wheel or undercarriage configuration. The device is comprised of a combination of a remote arm/safe mechanism, a remote deployment switch, one or more lifting devices, a housing, and one or more structural members contiguously engaging the vehicle. The housing can be at least partially submerged in a road surface or protrude from the road surface so as to be driven over until deployed. A sensor can provide independent deployment once the device is armed.

Apparatuses, systems and methods for affecting forward motion of a vehicle

Embodiments of materials suitable for use as a replacement for Tetrazene and methods of preparing such materials are described. In one embodiment, the material comprises MTX-1, as well as simple salts or complexes derived therefrom. The methods of preparing such materials include combining Tetrazene and an acid to form a suspension, where the acid is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, or hydrochloric acid. A nitrite salt may be added to the suspension, where the nitrite salt is sodium nitrite, lithium nitrite, potassium nitrite, an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite, an aqueous solution of lithium nitrite, or an aqueous solution of potassium nitrite. In some embodiments, the suspension is stirred until the suspension has a white appearance.

Alternative to tetrazene

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide a compound and material that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive. An embodiment of the present subject matter provides the compound copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter provide methods for preparing lead-free primary explosives. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter also provide methods for preparing copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate.

Lead-free primary explosive composition

Described are compounds and materials that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive, such as copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Copper(I) nitrotetrazolate may he prepared by a process comprising the steps of: combining cupric salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture, heating the mixture, adding a reducing agent and stirring with continued heating. The method may also include combining cupric chloride, sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate and sodium ascorbate.

Preparation of a lead-free primary explosive

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Gilbert, AZ, United States of America

Michael D Williams