Exxon Research and Engineering Company

Michael C Kerby

Roby Bearden, Jr

Stephen M Davis

Mark Alan Greaney

Bryan W Eichhorn

Kenneth L Riley

Jack Wayne Johnson

John Frances Brody

Fred M Long

David E Vaughan

William Neergaard Olmstead

LeRoy R Clavenna

Carl W Hudson

Irwin A Wiehe

The invention relates to a process for demetallating a petroleum stream by contacting a metals-containing petroleum feed in the presence of a base selected from Group IA and IIA hydroxides and carbonates and ammonium hydroxide and carbonates and mixtures thereof an oxygen containing gas and a phase transfer agent at a temperature of up to 180.degree. C. for a time sufficient to produce a treated petroleum feed having a decreased metals content. The invention provides a method for enhancing the value of petroleum feeds that traditionally have limited use in refineries due to their metals, e.g., Ni and V content.

Method for decreasing the metals content of petroleum streams

The present invention provides for a method for decreasing the Conradson carbon content of petroleum streams by forming a mixture of the petroleum stream and an essentially aqueous electrolysis medium, and passing an electric current through the mixture at an anodic voltage and pH sufficient to produce a petroleum fraction having decreased Conradson carbon content. The anodic voltage is from +0.5 to +1.5V vs. SCE. Preferably the pH is acidic. The invention provides a method for enhancing the value of petroleum feeds that traditionally have limited use in refineries.

Method for anodically decreasing conradson carbon content of petroleum

The invention is a method for demetallating petroleum streams by subjecting a hydrocarbon soluble metals-containing petroleum stream and an aqueous electrolysis medium to a sufficient anodic potential at a pH sufficient to produce a treated petroleum stream having a decreased metals content. The invention is useful for enhancing the value of petroleum streams that traditionally have limited use in refineries due to their content of metals, particularly Ni and V.

Method for anodically demetallating refinery feedstreams

The present invention relates to an integrated fluid coking/hydrogen production process. The fluid coking unit is comprised of a fluid coker reactor, a heater, and a gasifier. Solids from the fluidized beds are recycled between the coking zone and the heater and between the heater and the gasifier. A separate stream of hot solids from the gasifier is passed to the scrubbing zone of the reactor. Methane and steam are introduced into the stream of hot solids passing from the gasifier to the scrubbing zone. The hot particles act to catalyze the conversion of methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of steam.

Production of hydrogen from a fluid coking process using steam reforming

The present invention provides for a method of decreasing the metals content of metal containing petroleum streams by forming a mixture of the petroleum fraction containing those metals and an essentially aqueous electrolysis medium, and passing an electric current through the mixture at a voltage, pH and time sufficient to remove the metals such as Ni, V and Fe from the stream (i.e. to produce a petroleum fraction having decreased content of the metals). The cathodic voltage is from 0 V to -3.0 V vs. SCE at a pH of from 6 to 14, preferably 7 to 14, most preferably above 7 to 14. The invention provides a method for enhancing the value of petroleum feeds that traditionally have limited use in refineries due to their Ni and V content.

Method for demetallating refinery feedstreams

The present invention provides a method for decreasing the Conradson carbon ('Concarbon') number of petroleum feedstreams by passing an electric current through a mixture of a petroleum stream, typically having a Conradson carbon residue of at least about 0.1% and an aqueous electrolysis medium at a pH and cathodic voltage for a time sufficient to decrease the Conradson carbon number of the petroleum stream. The electrolysis medium contains quaternary carbyl or hydrocarbyl onium salts; inorganic hydroxides such as NaOH or KOH, or mixtures thereof. A cathodic voltage of 0 V to -3.0 V vs. Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE) and a pH of 6-14, preferably 7 to 14, more preferably above 7 to 14 are used. The invention has utility for converting less economically desirable refinery feeds to feeds that are more valuable.

Method for reducing Conradson carbon content of petroleum streams

An integrated fluid coking/paraffin dehydrogenation process. The fluid coking unit is comprised of a fluid coker reactor and a heater with hot solids recycling between the coker reactor and the heater. A light paraffin stream is introduced into the line wherein the hot particles are recycled to the coking zone. The hot particles act to catalyze the dehydrogenation of the paraffins to olefins.

Integrated fluid coking paraffin dehydrogenation process

Disclosed is a method which combines catalytic cracking and olefin production using a coked catalytic cracking catalyst as a dehydrogenation catalyst to dehydrogenate an alkane feed stream and form an olefin rich product stream. The method uses a staged backmixed regeneration system to form the dehydrogenation catalyst and to fully reactivate deactivated cracking catalyst for reuse in the cracking reaction. The catalyst preferably comprises a crystalline tetrahedral framework oxide component.

Integrated catalytic cracking and olefin producing process using staged

The present invention relates to an integrated fluid coking/paraffin dehydrogenation process. The fluid coking unit is comprised of a fluid coker reactor, a heater, and a gasifier. Solids from the fluidized beds are recycled between the coking zone and the heater and between the heater and the gasifier. A separate stream of hot solids from the gasifier is passed to a satellite reactor. A light paraffin stream is introduced into directly into this stream of hot solids passing to the satellite reactor or into the satellite reactor. The hot particles act to catalyze the dehydrogenation of the paraffins to olefins.

Integrated fluid coking/paraffin dehydrogenation process

An integrated fluid coking/paraffin dehydrogenation process. The fluid coking unit is comprised of a fluid coker reactor, a heater, and a gasifier. Solids from the fluidized beds are recycled between the coking zone and the heater and between the heater and the gasifier. A separate stream of hot solids from the gasifier is passed to the scrubbing zone after first being reduced in temperature by introduction of an effective amount of diluent, such as steam. A light paraffin stream is introduced into this stream of hot solids between the point where the diluent is added and the scrubbing zone. The hot particles act to catalyze the dehydrogenation of paraffins to olefins.

An integrated fluid coking/paraffin dehydrogenation process. The fluid coking unit is comprised of a fluid coker reactor, a heater, and a gasifier. Solids from the fluidized beds are recycled between the coking zone and the heater and between the heater and the gasifier. A separate stream of hot solids from the gasifier is diluted with hot solids from the heater then passed to the scrubbing zone of the coker reactor. A light paraffin stream is introduced into this stream of hot solids between the point where the heater solids are introduced and the scrubbing zone. The hot particles act to catalyze the dehydrogenation of the paraffins to olefins.

An integrated fluid coking/paraffin dehydrogenation process. The fluid coking unit is comprised of a fluid coker reactor, a heater, and a gasifier. Solids from the fluidized beds are recycled between the coking zone and the heater and between the heater and the gasifier. A separate stream of hot solids from the gasifier is passed to the scrubbing zone or to a satellite fluidized reactor. A first stream containing an effective amount of C.sub.1 to C.sub.2 paraffins is introduced into this stream of hot solids between the point where the diluent is added and the scrubbing zone. The hot particles act to catalyze the dehydrogenation of paraffins to olefins. A second stream containing C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 paraffins is introduced downstream of the introduction of said first stream.

Disclosed is a method which combines catalytic cracking and olefin production using a coked catalytic cracking catalyst to dehydrogenate an alkane feed stream and form an olefin rich product stream. Preferably, the coked catalytic cracking catalyst has a carbon content of about 0.2-10 wt. %. The catalyst preferably comprises a crystalline tetrahedral framework oxide component.

Integrated catalytic cracking and olefin producing process

A method for preparing unsymmetrical dialkyl ethers and derivatives thereof. The ethers are prepared by reacting a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 aliphatic alcohol with a tertiary alcohol in the presence of a novel catalyst comprised of a transition metal pillared interlayered clay having generally separated layers wherein the interlayer distances are substantially greater than a precursor of the same but non-separated clay and wherein the product includes multimetallic pillars comprised of a cationic polymeric complex of the formula:

Process for the production of unsymmetrical tert-dialkyl ethers

This invention relates to pillared micas, which comprise an active metal selected from the group consisting of Pt, Cr, Pd, It, Rh and mixtures thereof, and a first modifier metal selected from the group consisting of Sn, Ga and mixtures thereof. The mica may also be modified with a second modifier metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or rare earth metals and mixtures thereof. This invention further relates to a process for preparing such a catalyst.

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Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America

Michael C Kerby