International Business Machines Corporation

Advanced Micro Devices Corporation

Black Bear Construction Company, Inc.

Michael C Barrett

Ying Li

Donald A Tiffin

Chih-Kang Shih

Eric Sigfried Petterson

Michael J Dennis

Track alignment apparatus for supporting and linking sections of model railroad track and/or for receiving a model railroad trestle. Track alignment apparatus may include one or more track alignment members to engage trestles, provide rigidity to curved or straight model railroad track, and/or connect model railroad track to a layout base.

Model railroad track alignment apparatus

A method is provided for measuring at resolutions which are in some instances less than 20 nanometers the concentration densities within one or more diffusion regions within a semiconductor substrate. The diffusion regions are prepared for measurement by cleaving a cross-sectional surface and polishing that surface to a substantially flat, exposed profile. The profile is purposefully pre-etched to remove oxide abutting the implant area and thereafter dopant-selective etched in accordance with concentration densities within the substrate. Pre-etching of oxide and concentration density etching of doped silicon provides an exposed topological contour measurable by atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM can detect the entire cross-sectional surface including conductors and dielectrics. The topological height of impurity region profiles of a calibration wafer are correlated to impurity concentrations to form a calibration curve. The calibration curve, in conjunction with topological contour of a target region profile, allows direct and quick measurement of concentration densities along the target region profile at each AFM scan location. The initial scan position is purposefully defined by an oxide pre-etch step to present an easily discernible AFM-read gradient which signals an initial AFM read position.

Method for measuring concentration of dopant within a semiconductor

A magnetic tape cartridge includes a housing for supporting the tape for movement therein and for enclosing a portion of the tape. The tape is expandable from a particular reference point along its width by virtue of temperature and humidity changes. A track position indicator attached to the cartridge includes indicia thereon relative to track positions along the width of the tape. The indicator has a coefficient of expansion closely similar to the coefficient of expansion of the tape, and in the preferred embodiment is made of the same material as the magnetic tape substrate material.

Tape cartridge with track position indicator

Growing community of inventors

Austin, TX, United States of America

Michael C Barrett