Other

Ekc Technology Inc.

Advanced Energy Technology Inc.

Dupont Air Products Nanomaterials, LLC

Da Nanomaterials L.l.c.

Melvin Keith Carter

Robert J Small

Maria L Peterson

Tuan Truong

Lily Yao

Madeline S Toy

Xiaowei Cass Shang

Donald William Frey

Fredric Nadel

Sugars comprising the monosaccharides glucose and fructose, and the disaccharides sucrose and mannose are catalytically converted to ethanol in a sulfate fortified acid medium in the presence of transition metal compounds possessing a degree of symmetry. This is not a fermentation process but is a catalytic chemical process where conversion efficiency is improved by saturating the acidic reaction mixture with inorganic sulfate salts to reduce competitive reactions. Ethanol formed during the reaction is removed by distillation facilitating a continuous process.

Direct catalytic conversion of sugars to ethanol

Aldehyde and ketone reactants are converted to hydroxyaldehydes, polyhydroxyaldehydes, hydroxyketones and/or polyhydroxyketones in liquid phase by an aldol condensation process where a selected product carbon chain length is produced using specific concentrations of soluble inorganic base at sub-ambient temperature.

Formation of hydroxycarbonyl compounds

Catalytic reactions conducted during acid digestion of cellulose materials, including paper, a wide range of grasses including prairie grass, switch grass, pine wood sawdust, bagasse dried after sugar cane processing, cotton, waste cellulose products and starch materials, are taught for direct conversion to ethanol. The cellulose material is thoroughly wet in concentrated sulfuric acid in the presence of transition metal complexes possessing a degree of symmetry. Ethanol formed during the reaction can be removed by distillation affording a continuous process.

Direct catalytic conversion of cellulose materials to ethanol

A composition for the cleaning of residues from substrates can contain from about 0.01 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight of one or more fluoride compounds, from about 20 percent by weight to about 50 percent by weight water, from about 20 percent by weight to about 80 percent by weight of an organic amide solvent and from 0 to about 50 weight percent of an organic sulfoxide solvent. The composition can have a pH between about 7 and about 10, alternately from greater than 8 to about 10. Additionally, the composition optionally can contain corrosion inhibitors, chelating agents, surfactants, acids, and/or bases. In use of the composition, a substrate can advantageously be contacted with the composition for a time and at a temperature that permits cleaning of the substrate.

Forming a passivating aluminum fluoride layer and removing same for use in semiconductor manufacture

The invention relates to chemical mechanical polishing of substrates using an abrasive and a fluid composition, wherein certain organosulfonic acid compounds are used as oxidizers, and particularly relates to a method of polishing substrates comprising copper, tungsten, titanium, and/or polysilicon using a chemical-mechanical polishing system comprising organosulfonic acids having an electrochemical oxidation potential greater than 0.2V as an oxidizer.

CMP method for copper, tungsten, titanium, polysilicon, and other substrates using organosulfonic acids as oxidizers

The present invention relates to compositions for the chemical mechanical planarization ('CMP') of barrier/adhesion layers, particularly Ta/TaN barrier/adhesion layers as occur in the manufacture of integrated circuits. CMP compositions comprise an aqueous solution of oxidizer and colloidal silica abrasive. Oxidizers include hydroxylamine nitrate, nitric acid, benzotriazole, ammonium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, hydrazine and mixtures thereof in aqueous solution.

Compositions for chemical mechanical planarization of tantalum and tantalum nitride

The present invention relates chemical mechanical planarization ('CMP') of copper surfaces and describes copper CMP slurries including an oxidizer, one or more hydroxylamine compounds and at least one abrasive. The hydroxylamine compositions can include hydroxylamine nitrate, hydroxylamine, hydroxylamine sulfate, hydroxyl ammonium salts and mixtures thereof. The oxidizers may further include citric acid as a complexing agent for copper. Sulfuric acid and/or nitric acid provide means for modifying the pH of the oxidizer so that the hydroxylamine chemistries are acidic. Some embodiments include corrosion inhibitors such as benzotriazole, 2,4-pentadione dioxime and/or 1,6-dioxaspiro[4,4] nonane 2,7-dione. Some embodiments also include a free radical inhibitor, advantageously hydrazine. Colloidal silica and milled alumina are used as typical abrasive components.

Compositions for chemical mechanical planarization of copper

The present invention relates to compositions for the chemical mechanical planarization (&ldquo;CMP&rdquo;) of barrier/adhesion layers, particularly Ta/TaN barrier/adhesion layers as occur in the manufacture of integrated circuits. CMP compositions comprise an aqueous solution of oxidizer and colloidal silica abrasive. Oxidizers include hydroxylamine nitrate, nitric acid, benzotriazole, ammonium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, hydrazine and mixtures thereof in aqueous solution.

Catalytic processes have been developed for direct ambient air oxidative conversion of hydrocarbons to aldehydes and unsaturated alcohols. Aliphatic hydrocarbons including methane, hexanes, octanes, decanes, gasoline, diesel fuel, oils, solvents and other organic compounds have been oxidized by this catalytic process. The catalysts are based on molecular strings of di-, tri- and/or poly-groups of transition metal complexes. Laboratory results have demonstrated &lsqb;iron(II)&rsqb; , &lsqb;manganese(II)&rsqb; and related families of catalysts to be effective for ambient air direct oxidative conversion of hydrocarbons to products in high yields at room temperature and above, while &lsqb;cobalt(II)&rsqb; was effective for air oxidative conversion of methane to formaldehyde and for other gaseous hydrocarbons to their corresponding aldehydes at elevated temperatures.

Catalytic oxidative conversion of hydrocarbons to aldehydes

A method is provided for detecting the presence of organic materials in an aqueous sample. The materials are decomposed by simultaneous exposure to ultraviolet radiation and acoustic energy to decompose the materials to simple decomposition products. The simple decomposition products such as ammonium ion, halogen ion, alkyl ammonium ions, or sulfate ions, are then detected by conventional analytical devices and methods.

Method for detecting organic compounds by photoacoustic conversion

In a solar heating panel, the panel includes a plate-like solar collector having a serpentine shaped fluid conduit soldered to the plate collector in heat exchange relation therewith. Laterally directed manifolds are provided at opposite ends of the collector and are coupled in fluid communication with the serpentine flow path for coupling a plurality of such solar heating panels in parallel across a manifold structure. The panels include frame structures having a pair of elongated side frame members closed at opposite ends by means of end members with the side and end members having slots formed therein in registration one with the other such that when the side members are mated to the end members, the slots are in registration to define the side ports in the frame for passage therethrough of said manifold conduits. Thermally insulative collars surround the manifold pipes and include annular recesses for receiving the marginal edges of the slots, thereby forming an interlocked framed solar collector structure.

Growing community of inventors

Los Gatos, CA, United States of America

Melvin Keith Carter