International Business Machines Corporation

Meeta Yadav

Gari Singh

Gennaro A Cuomo

Matt Richard Hogstrom

Tiia J Salo

Joseph H Allen

Dinakaran B Joseph

Rohith Kottamangalam Ashok

David J Hoeweler

Shikhar Singh

Nikola Vouk

Embodiments relate to method products for publishing messages within a geographic area. Aspects include receiving a location from each of a plurality of user devices and creating a geo-hash tree based on the location of each of a plurality of user devices. Aspects also include receiving a message with the geographic area, computing a geo-hash grid for a region that includes the geographic area and identifying one or more nodes of the geo-hash tree that corresponds to the geo-hash grid. Aspects further include transmitting the message to one or more of the plurality of user devices associated with the one or more identified nodes.

Publishing messages based on geographic area

Embodiments relate to methods, systems and computer program products for publishing messages within a geographic area. Aspects include receiving a location from each of a plurality of user devices and creating a geo-hash tree based on the location of each of a plurality of user devices. Aspects also include receiving a message with the geographic area, computing a geo-hash grid for a region that includes the geographic area and identifying one or more nodes of the geo-hash tree that corresponds to the geo-hash grid. Aspects further include transmitting the message to one or more of the plurality of user devices associated with the one or more identified nodes.

A method, system and computer program product for dynamically routing messages in a publish/subscribe system. A messaging application receives messages from sensors (e.g., road condition sensors). Upon analyzing the messages using data analytics, an event (e.g., icy road condition) may be correlated with the analyzed messages. In such a scenario, a temporal topic based on the triggered event is created. Furthermore, a temporal publication (e.g., 'icy road condition near exit 40') and a temporal subscription are created. Potential subscribers to be associated with the temporal subscription are identified by using either geo-location information or social media information. Once those subscribers are identified, they are associated with the temporal subscription. The temporal publication is then published to the subscribers associated with the temporal subscription. In this manner, messages are dynamically routed to the appropriate subscribers that may have previously been excluded based on dynamically created temporal topics, subscriptions and publications.

Dynamically routing messages in a publish/subscribe system by creating temporal topics for subscriptions and publications

Content of a publish-subscribe topic tree is provided. This includes receiving a path for a requested topic. The path specifies topics leading from a highest to a lowest level topic in the path. Content in the topic tree is retrieved for matching topics that match the lowest level topic in the path independently of whether the matching topics are on the path in the tree.

Technology for providing content of a publish-subscribe topic tree

Embodiments of the invention provide for the optimization of utilization of non-volatile memory in message queuing. In an embodiment of the invention, a method for optimizing utilization of non-volatile memory in message queuing includes receiving a new message in a message queuing system implemented in a host computing system. The method also includes storing the new message as a master message in non-volatile memory of the host computing system. The method yet further includes subsequently receiving different messages that each share redundant information with the master message. The method even yet further includes delta encoding each of the different messages and storing the delta encoded different messages in the non-volatile memory. Finally, the method includes deleting the master message from the non-volatile memory only once each of the different messages and the master message have been acknowledged by at least one consumer subscribing to the message queuing system.

Optimization of non-volatile memory in message queuing

Embodiments of the invention provide for the optimization of utilization of non-volatile memory in message queuing. In an embodiment of the invention, a method for optimizing utilization of non-volatile memory in message queuing includes receiving a new message in a message queueing system implemented in a host computing system. The method also includes storing the new message as a master message in non-volatile memory of the host computing system. The method yet further includes subsequently receiving different messages that each share redundant information with the master message. The method even yet further includes delta encoding each of the different messages and storing the delta encoded different messages in the non-volatile memory. Finally, the method includes deleting the master message from the non-volatile memory only once each of the different messages and the master message have been acknowledged by at least one consumer subscribing to the message queuing system.

Embodiments relate to method and computer program products for routing messages based on geolocation information. Aspects include receiving a message from a publisher, computing a geo-hash for the message based on a location associated with the message, and traversing a geo-hash tree associated with a subscriber to determine if the geo-hash of the message corresponds to a geo-hash grid in the geo-hash tree. Based on determining that the geo-hash of the message corresponds to an identified geo-hash grid in the geo-hash tree, a point in a polygon algorithm is performed to determine if the location associated with the message is inside an area of interest associated with the identified geo-hash grid. If the location associated with the message is inside the area of interest, the message is forwarded to the subscriber.

Routing messages based on geolocation information associated with both the messages and with subscribers

Routing messages based on geolocation information associated with both the message and with subscribers

When a virtual machine writes to a page that is being shared across VMs, a share value is calculated to determine how different the page would be if the write command were implemented. If the share value is below a predefined threshold (meaning that the page would not be 'too different'), then the page is not copied (as it would be in a standard copy-on-write operation). Instead, the difference between the contents of the pages is stored as a self-contained delta. The physical to machine memory map is updated to point to the delta, and the delta contains a pointer to the original page. When the VM needs to access the page that was stored as a delta, the delta and the page are then fetched from memory and the page is reconstructed.

Data sharing using difference-on-write

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system and computer program product for collocating VMs based on memory sharing potential. In an embodiment of the invention, a VM co-location method has been claimed. The method includes selecting a VM from amongst different VMs for server colocation. The method additionally includes computing an individual shared memory factor for each of a set of the VMs with respect to the selected VM. The method yet further includes determining a VM amongst the VMs in the set associated with a highest computed shared memory factor. Finally, the method includes co-locating the determined VM with the selected VM in a single server.

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Cary, NC, United States of America

Meeta Yadav