Google Inc.

X Development LLC

Mattia Cantono

Rene Marcel Schmogrow

Massimiliano Salsi

Valey Kamalov

Matthew Eldred Newland

Vijayanand Vusirikala

Artem Goncharuk

Kevin Forsythe Smith

Ralph Hofmeister

Jia Shern Ngai

Kevin Croussore

Rafael Muller

Margin hedging in optical communication systems allows for overhead within the optical system. A machine learning model can be trained using the output of a physics based simulation of the optical system as well as the features of the optical system. A trained machine learning model can adjust the results of a physics based simulation of an optical network to more accurately match the adjusted simulation results to the 'true' performance of the optical network. The margins of the optical communication system can be more tailored to the true performance of a designed or planned optical system.

Enhanced uncertainty management for optical communication systems

An optical transport network (OTN) node including a plurality of optical circuit switches (OCSs), each OCS being a respective degree of the OTN node, at least two of the OCSs including an input port configured to be connected to a respective optical transport fiber outside of the OTN node, at least one first output port connected to a first switching layer, and at least one second output port connected to a second switching layer. The first and second switching layers have different levels of granularity, such as but not limited to a wavelength switched layer, a band switched layer or a fiber switched layer.

Network architecture with variable granularity optical routing

Systems and methods are provided for generating a model for detection of seismic events. In this regard, one or more processors may receive from one or more stations located along an underwater optical route, one or more time series of polarization states of a detected light signal during a time period. The one or more processors may transform the one or more time series of polarization states into one or more spectrums in a frequency domain. Seismic activity data for the time period may be received by the one or more processors, where the seismic activity data include one or more seismic events detected in a region at least partially overlapping the underwater optical route. The one or more processors then generate a model for detecting seismic events based on the one or more spectrums and the seismic activity data.

Systems and methods for detecting mechanical disturbances using underwater optical cables

The present disclosure describes a network including two levels of switching: a first level including wavelength selective switching via a first type of switching module, and a second level including fiber level switching via a second type of switching module. The two levels of switching allow for maintaining wavelength selective switching between transmission directions while introducing fiber selective switching between network degrees of the same transmission direction. The first type of switching module is configured to transmit and receive optical signals having a first set of wavelengths at a first network degree at a first direction in a node of a network. The second type of switching module is configured to transmit and receive the optical signals from the first type of switching module and route the optical signals at the first network degree to a second network degree in a second direction.

Degree switching configuration for network architecture

Systems and methods for detecting a mechanical disturbance are disclosed. One of the method may comprise the operation steps including: transmitting, by a transmitter, a pulse at a preset frequency along a first cable; receiving, by a receiver, a plurality of signals, wherein each of the plurality of signals travels along the first cable and a second cable connected to the receiver for a corresponding span; calculating one or more differential phases, wherein each differential phase is calculated based on respective phases and the corresponding spans of two of the plurality of signals; and determining a localization of the mechanical disturbance based on the one or more differential phases.

Detecting seismic events using multispan signals

A system is provided along a route of a network including a first transponder at a first node and a second transponder at a second node. The system further includes one or more processors configured to detect, in a first waveform measured at the first transponder, a first signature at a first time point, and configured to detect, in a second waveform measured at the second transponder, a second signature at a second time point. The one or more processors may correlate the first waveform and the second waveform, and determine, based on the correlation, that the first signature and the second signature correspond to a same event occurring along the route of the network. Based on comparing the first time point and the second time point, the one or more processors may determine an estimated location of the event.

Transponder based active monitoring of optical networks

Systems and methods of undersea optical communication are provided. An undersea optical amplifier assembly can include a water-tight housing and a photonic integrated circuit disposed within the housing. The photonic integrated circuit includes a plurality of optical fiber inputs, each configured to receive an end of a respective optical fiber of a first fiber optic cable bundle, and a plurality of optical fiber outputs. Each optical fiber output corresponds to a respective optical fiber input to form a fiber optic input-output pair, and is configured to receive an end of a respective optical fiber of a second fiber optic cable bundle. The photonic integrated circuit includes an optical amplifier optically coupled to each respective fiber optic input-output pair. The housing includes a first water-tight access port configured to receive the first fiber optic cable bundle, and a second water-tight access port configured to receive a second fiber optic cable bundle.

Low signal to noise ratio submarine communication system

A network is provided with a plurality of nodes connected to one another. At least one node of the plurality of nodes include one or more transponders. For example, the transponders may be configured to receive optical signals having a first set of wavelengths at a first degree of a plurality of degrees in the at least one node. The transponders may convert the received optical signals into electrical signals, and then regenerate optical signals by generating, based on the electrical signals, optical signals having a second set of wavelengths. The node may further include one or more switches configured to route the regenerated optical signals to one or more of the plurality of degrees of the at least one node.

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San Jose, CA, United States of America

Mattia Cantono