Elenion Technologies, LLC

Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy

Matthew Streshinsky

Michael J Hochberg

Thomas Wetteland Baehr-Jones

Yang Liu

Yangjin Ma

Ari Jason Novack

Robert Palmer

Torsten Wuth

Ruizhi Shi

Kishore Padmaraju

Ran Ding

Alexandre Horth

Guido Saathoff

Alexander V Rylyakov

Richard C Younce

Bernd-Harald Horst Jurgen Rohde

Juthika Basak

Meisam Bahadori

Alex Rylyakov

Ajay Mistry

Alexei Tager

Marc Bohn

Douglas Gill

Asres Seyoum

Saeed Fathololoumi

Tal Galfsky

Ruizi Shi

Rafeed Sukkar

Yury Dziashko

Bernd-Harald Horst Juergen Rohde

Rafid Sukkar

Jiabao Zheng

Daihyun Lim

Hang Guan

A segmented optical modulator includes two optical modulator segments located along a main face of a photonic chip, and two RF transmission lines connected to drive a corresponding one of the two optical modulator segments. A signal electrode of one of the transmission lines includes a segment that is vertically capacitively coupled to a plurality of spaced ground-connected metallic elements disposed in sequence along a length of the segment above or below thereof so as to be capacitively coupled thereto.

RF delay line for segmented optical waveguide modulator

An apparatus includes an optical device to output a data-modulated optical signal, an electrical radio-frequency (RF) driver to drive the optical device with one or more RF drive signals, a photodetector to provide a measure of a light intensity output by the optical device, and an electronic controller. The electronic controller is configured to dither an amplitude of at least one of the one or more RF drive signals at a dithering frequency. The electronic controller is also configured to adjust one or more operation settings of at least one of the electrical RF driver and the optical device based on a component of the measure of a light intensity at the dithering frequency.

Optimization of RF driver and/or optical device

An electro-optic device, such as an optical modulator, comprises: a driver for generating a plurality of identical time-synchronized copies of an input electrical signal, and a photonic integrated circuit, including an optical waveguide structure and a plurality of phase-modulating electro-optical modulator segments. Each one of the modulator segments configured to receive a respective one of the plurality of the copies of the input electrical signal. Instead of incorporating a required phase delay between the copies of the input electrical signal into the driver structure, a multi-layer interconnect substrate is provided that includes a plurality of insulating layers alternating with a plurality of conductive layers. The plurality of conductive layers are configured to include a plurality of delay lines, each one of the plurality of delay lines electrically coupled in between the driver and the photonic integrated circuit configured to transmit a respective one of the plurality of copies of the first input electrical signal.

Multi-segment electro-optic devices with low loss RF delay lines

A PIC comprising an optical edge coupler having a plurality of optical cores within a heterogeneous stack of dielectric layers providing an optical cladding for the optical cores. The layer stack comprises first and second groups of layers, wherein refraction-index differences between individual layers of the same group are much smaller than refraction-index differences between any two layers from different groups. The optical cores are arranged in a plurality of parallel planar arrays enabling a large MFD change. At least one of the arrays is located within the first group of layers, and at least another one of the arrays is located within the second group of layers. End sections of the optical cores are adjacent to an edge of the PIC and may be optically coupled to an external optical fiber or on-chip waveguide of another PIC for a low-loss transfer of optical power therebetween.

Optical edge coupler having a heterogeneous cladding structure

An optical resonant modulator based on coupling modulation, comprising a resonant structure with an embedded Mach-Zehnder interferometer that is differentially driven to induced amplitude modulation at the output port. The principle of coupling modulation enables high data/baud rates to be achieved in a photonic integrated circuit, e.g. silicon, footprint that is considerably smaller than that of a conventional traveling-wave Mach-Zehnder modulator, in particular by utilizing space saving features, such as ring resonator phase shifters and bend waveguide arms.

Coupling modulated ring resonator modulator

Coupling modulated micro-ring resonator modulator

A low loss high extinction ratio on-chip polarizer is disclosed. The polarizer includes an input waveguide taper having an outer waveguiding region that widens in the direction of light propagation along at least a portion of the taper length, and a core waveguiding region that narrows in the direction of light propagation along at least a portion of the taper length, so as to selectively squeeze out light of undesired modes into the outer regions while preserving light of a desired mode in the waveguide core. An output filter section is provided to prevent light from reentering the output waveguide after being squeezed out. An integrated light absorber/deflector may be coupled to the outer waveguiding regions.

Integrated on-chip polarizer

Conventional systems use a polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) in order to maintain the light in the same polarization between a laser light source and an optical waveguide on a photonic integrated circuit (PIC). A polarization controller may be provided at an input port of the PIC configured for the manipulation of one or both of the TEand TMpolarized light modes. The polarization controller may include a polarization beam splitter/rotator (PBSR), including a plurality of phase tuners and a plurality of couplers which are coupled together by waveguides, all of which are integrated in a device layer on the PIC.

Polarization controller

An optical waveguide modulator with automatic bias control is disclosed. A dither signal is applied to the modulator bias and its signature detected in light tapped from an output of the modulator using a phase sensitive dither detector such as a lock-in amplifier. The detected signal is processed using pre-recorded information defining the direction of the detected signal change relative to a change in the modulator bias, and the bias is adjusted in the direction determined using the information. An IQ bias of a quadrature modulator is controlled by dithering bias settings of two inner modulators at different dither frequencies, and detecting an oscillation at a sum frequency.

Bias control of optical modulators

In Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based modulators (MZM) input laser light comes in from one side, gets split into two MZI arms, then recombined at an opposite side. Each MZI arm may be phase or intensity modulated depending on the set phase offset, whereby coherent or intensity modulation may be performed which can later be de-coded by a receiver. Ring resonator type modulators (RRM) are compact; however, their phase response is nonlinear, normally limiting their application in coherent phase modulation. However, a combined MZI RRM overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a novel structure and driving scheme for use with semiconductor photonics that takes advantage of the compactness of ring modulators and the linearity of MZI by setting the ring resonators to resonate at the input laser light wavelength.

Null bias mach-zehnder interferometer with ring resonators

An on-chip optical filter including three different arm sections comprised of three different types of waveguides, e.g. shape, material or polarization, can achieve the same performance quality as external commercially available solutions with no addition costs of fabrication of the photonic integrated chip (PIC) and a footprint several orders of magnitude smaller than any of the conventional filters.

Thermally stable optical filter

A semiconductor-based Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) is configured for push-pull bias dithering to control the MZM bias at a desired set point. When two such MZM modulators are connected in parallel to form an IQ modulator, bias settings for both MZMs and the IQ bias may be controlled from an output of the IQ modulator to minimize both the IQ offset and the quadrature error of the output signal constellation even for non-ideal MZMs with low extinction ratios.

A transceiver having an improved transmitter optical signal to noise ratio, and methods of making and using the same.

Transmitter optical signal to noise ratio improvement through receiver amplification in single laser coherent systems

A test system for determining a surface characteristic of a chip facet comprises a chip, which has a facet and includes a waveguide, a detector, and a processor. The on-chip waveguide is configured to direct test light towards the facet, where a portion of the test light is reflected and a portion of the test light is transmitted. The detector is configured to measure an amount of the reflected portion or the transmitted portion, and the processor is configured to determine a surface characteristic of the facet, such as a facet angle, a facet curvature, and/or a facet roughness, on the basis of the measured amount.

Methods, test structures, and test systems for determining a surface characteristic of a chip facet

A skew compensation apparatus and method. In an optical system that uses optical signals, skew may be generated as the optical signals are processed from an input optical signal to at least two electrical signals representative of the phase-differentiated optical signals. A compensation of the skew is provided by including an optical delay line in the path of the optical signal that does not suffer the skew (e.g., that serves as the time base for the skew measurement). The optical delay line introduces a delay Tequal to the delay suffered by the optical signal that is not taken as the time base. The two signals are thereby corrected for skew.

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New York, NY, United States of America

Matthew Streshinsky