Itea Inc.

Ausimont

Massimo Malavasi

Grazia Di Salvia

Edoardo Rossetti

Tatiana Temtchenko

Alvise Achille Bassignano

Giampietro Tedeschi

Julio A Abusleme

Claudia Manzoni

Roberta Marchetti

Guido Volpi Ghirardini

Claudio Citti

Alessandro Saponaro

Nazario Di Salvia

A steam generator comprising water/steam tubes passing through the steam generator from the water inlet to the superheated steam outlet, horizontally arranged in tube banks, preferably flat tube banks, perpendicularly crossed by the fumes, the tubes ascend along the steam generator axis from one tube bank the other, with an oblique path so to expose the tube to the fume flow in different positions at each tube bank, the tubes are divided into two or more separate branches, each branch fed by a header distinct from the others, the steam generator being once-through in pure counter-current, vertical or horizontal, the headers of the outlet superheated steam are grouped at direct contact in a bundle, and they are thermally insulated from the outside.

Steam generator

Oxycombustion process wherein a combustor is fed with a fuel, a comburent and compounds under the form of coherent aggregates having Young modulus &#x2265;10MPa, the combustor being isothermal and flameless.

Pressurized oxycombustion process

A combustion process wherein a fuel, a comburent and a component B), sulphur or sulphur containing compounds, are fed to the combuster in an amount to have a molar ratio B'/A&#x2265;0.5, wherein: B&#x2032; is the sum by moles between the amount of sulphur present in component B)+the amount of sulphur (component B)) contained in the fuel, Ais the sum by moles between the amount of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals (component A)) contained in the fuel+the amount of the alkaline and/or alkaline earth metals (component A)) in the form of salts and/or oxides contained in component B), being the combustor isothermal and flameless.

Combustion process

Oxycombustion process wherein low ranking, gaseous, liquid, solid, optionally solid melting hydrocarbon fractions are used as fuels, having a vanadium content in an amount by weight from 50 to 5,000 ppm or higher, for producing energy, wherein magnesium is added as oxide, or as a water-soluble salt, the combustor being refractored and isotherm or quasi isotherm, flameless, working at temperatures comprised between 1,250&#xb0; C. and 1,450&#xb0; C. and under pressurized conditions, wherein the oxidant is oxygen, the oxidant being used in admixture with water or steam such that the ratio by moles oxidant:(water-steam) is comprised between about 1:0.4 and about 1:3 or the oxidant is used in admixture with flue gases recycled from the flue gases outletting the energy recovery equipments, wherein the water amount is higher than 30% by volume, optionally by adding water, the molar ratio oxidant:(water/steam) in flue gases being comprised from about 1:0.4 to about 1:3; the low ranking hydrocarbon fraction containing vanadium is fed in admixture with water or steam, such that the amount of water/steam in the mixture is at least 30% by weight with respect to the hydrocarbon fraction.

Combustion process for fuel containing vanadium compounds

Oxycombustion process for producing energy wherein low ranking gaseous, liquid, solid, optionally solid melting hydrocarbon fractions are used as fuels, having a vanadium content in amounts by weight from 50 to 5,000 ppm or higher, and alkaline metals Ma in amounts from 20 to 10,000 ppm, wherein magnesium is added as oxide, or as a magnesium compound forming MgO in the combustion process, or mixtures thereof and a silico-aluminate wherein the molar ratio SiO:AlOranges from 2:1 to 6:1; the combustor being refractored, isotherm or quasi-isotherm, flameless, working at temperatures in the range 1,250&#xb0;-1,450&#xb0; C. and under pressurized conditions, wherein the oxidant being used in admixture with water or steam, the ratio by moles oxidant:(water/steam) being comprised between about 1:0.4 and about 1:3, or the oxidant is used in admixture with flue gases recycled from the flue gases outletting the energy recovery equipments, wherein the water/steam amount is higher than 30% by volume, optionally by adding water to the recycled flue gases, the molar ratio oxidant:(water/steam) in flue gases being comprised from about 1:0.4 to about 1:3; the hydrocarbon fraction being fed in admixture with water or steam, the amount of water/steam being at least 30% by weight with respect to the hydrocarbon fraction.

A combustion process wherein a fuel, a comburent and component A) are fed to a combustor, component A), comprising low-melting salts and/or oxides having a melting temperature &#x2266;1,450 K, the ratio by moles A'/(A&#x2033;&#x2212;A&#x2032;)&#x2267;0.01, being: A&#x2032; the sum by moles between the amount of metals, under the form of low-melting salts and/or low-melting oxides present in the component A) and the amount of metals under the form of the low-melting salts and/or low-melting oxides or their low-melting mixtures, contained in the fuel, A&#x2033; is the sum of the amount of all the metals contained in the fuel and of those contained in component A), in which the combustor is isothermal type and flameless.

Combustion process for the reduction of particulates in combustion fumes

A plant for the treatment of materials, in particular waste materials and refuse, comprises a combustion reactor to which the material to be treated can be supplied. The combustion reactor has an input for a combustion supporter comprising oxygen and an output for the gases that are produced during the combustion of the materials inside the reactor and, in use, is substantially isothermic or quasi-isothermic at high or very high temperature, and without substantial oxygen deficit, in all of its parts. A portion of the combustion gases is recirculated and mixed with the combustion supporter to bring about a high degree of opacification thereof, which is increased by increasing the total pressure of the combustion chamber. The substances which cannot be gasified inside the reactor are immediately fused. The parameters of the gases at the output from the reactor are constantly measured by sensors with response-time characteristics of about 2 seconds.

Method and plant for the treatment of materials, in particular waste materials and refuse

A combustion process wherein a comburent, a fuel and the following components are fed: i) component B) sulphur or compounds containing sulphur in an amount to have a molar ration B/C&#x2267;0.5, wherein Bis the sum by moles between the total amount of sulphur present in component B)+the total amount of sulphur (component B)) contained in the fuel, Cis the sum by moles between the total amount of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals contained in the fuel (component C))+the amount (component C)) of alkaline and/or alkaline-earth metals in the form of salts and/or oxides contained in component B), ii) component A), comprising low-melting salts and/or oxides or their mixtures, having a melting temperature&#x3c;1,450 K, wherein the ratio by weight A'/(A&#x2033;&#x2212;A&#x2032;)&#x2267;1:100, wherein A&#x2032; is the sum by moles between the metals under the form of low-melting salts and/or oxides or their low melting mixtures in the component A) and the amount of metals of low-melting salts and/or oxides contained in the fuel, A&#x2033; is the sum of the amount of all the metals contained in the fuel and those contained in component A), in which the combustor is isothermal and flameless.

A process for combusting solid liquid or gaseous fuels in a high temperature refractory-lined reactor with the aim of generating electric power comprises mixing at least one fuel with steam. The refactory material of the reactor and the opaque gases of the reaction environment bring about high power infrared radiation which substantially instantaneously preheats the reactants on input including said reactants being intrinsically transparent to infrared radiation (N/O) but rendered opaque and thus absorbers of energy from infrared radiation thanks to dilution with steam. A high efficiency combustor is provided for carrying out the above-stated process.

High-efficiency combustors with reduced environmental impact and processes for power generation derivable therefrom

A process for the removal of heavy metals from flue gas deriving from combustion processes comprising the following steps: a) optional removal by filtration of solid particles or of particulate of heavy metals or their compounds, having an average diameter higher than 10 micron; b) flue gas washing performed with an aqueous phase and transfer of the heavy metals or their compounds to the aqueous phase; c) flue gas cooling and partial condensation of the steam contained in the flue gas and separation of a condensed phase; d) discharge of the flue gases substantially free from heavy metals or their compounds into the environment; f) discharge of the aqueous phase substantially free from heavy metals or their compounds into the environment.

Process for the purification of combustion fumes

Chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymers

Use of crosslinked polymers for coil coating based on perfluoropolyethereal polymers, comprising as repeating units sequences of one or more oxyfluoroalkylenic units such as &mdash;CF,CF,O&mdash;, &mdash;CR,R,CF,CF,O&mdash; wherein R,and R,equal to or different from each other are chosen among H, Cl, F or perfluoroalkyl from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, &mdash;CF,CF(CF,)O&mdash;, &mdash;CFYO&mdash;, wherein Y is equal to F or CF,, having hydroxylic bifunctional termination, crosslinking being carried out with blocked polyisocyanates having at least 3 NCO groups.

Coating for coils

Use for protective coatings of compositions comprising (% by wt.): A) from 10 to 60% of a A1) (per)fluoropolyethereal prepolymer having a polyisocyanic functionality obtainable by reacting a bifunctional having hydroxylic functionality, said fluoropolyethers having --CH.sub.2 OH terminations directly linked to a perfluoroalkylic group CF.sub.2 or CF.sub.2 CFX (X.dbd.Cl, F) or CF(CF.sub.3), with a polyisocyanate containing isocyanurate rings, preferably obtained by cyclotrimerization of HDI, IPDI or other monomeric diisocyanates, by utilizing an excess of isocyanate groups comprised between 10 and 80% by moles; the above fluoropolyether prepolymer can be partially or totally replaced by A2) non fluorinated polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate rings and/or hydrogenated polyisocyanate prepolymers; B) from 0.1 to 50% of a (per)fluoropolyether having bifunctional hydroxylic functionality of the type --CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, --CF.sub.2 CFXCH.sub.2 OH (X.dbd.Cl, F) or --CF(CF.sub.3)CH.sub.2 OH; or polyfunctional hydroxylic functionality termination but containing at least 5% by weight, preferably 10%, of the same type of termination indicated above for the bifunctional; or (per)fluoropolyethers prepolymers as defined in A) but having a lower prepolymerization degree so to leave free oxydrilyic functions of the type --CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH, --CF.sub.2 CFXCH.sub.2 OH (X.dbd.Cl, F), or --CF(CF.sub.3)CH.sub.2 OH; or the latter prepolymers having free hydroxilic functions can be used alone as a single component, being component A) 0%; C) 10-90%, with respect to the resin of a diluting solvent.

Coatings based on perfluoropolyethers

Use of crosslinked polymers for coil coating based on perfluoropolyethereal polymers, comprising as repeating units sequences of one or more oxyfluoroalkylenic units such as --CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O--, --CR.sub.4 R.sub.5 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O-- wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 equal to or different from each other are chosen among H, Cl, F or perfluoroalkyl from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, --CF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)O--, --CFYO--, wherein Y is equal to F or CF.sub.3, having hydroxylic bifunctional termination, crosslinking being carried out with blocked polyisocyanates having at least 3 NCO groups.

Growing community of inventors

Milan, Italy

Massimo Malavasi