Nissan Motor Company Limited

Hitachi, Ltd.

Masatoshi Mori

Hiroshi Ookubo

Satsuki Yamamoto

A fastening structure is fastened to an object. The fastening structure includes a carbon fiber-reinforced resin, a metal collar and a fastener. The outer circumference of a metal collar has a tapered portion, which is inclined with respect to the central axis of the collar. The inner circumferential surface of a through hole in a carbon fiber-reinforced resin ('CFRP') material has an abutting portion that contacts the tapered portion of the collar via an electrically insulating adhesive. The tilt angle of the tapered portion of the collar and of the abutting portion of the CFRP material are the same as the angle at which the displacement of the CFRP material in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the abutting portion due to thermal deformation resulting from temperature changes is balanced with the displacement of the collar in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the tapered portion.

Fastening structure for carbon fiber-reinforced resin material

In a cylinder apparatus in the form of a shock absorber, a spring seat is mounted within a cylinder, and clearance-fitted to a piston rod with a first lateral clearance for moving along the piston rod longitudinally of the cylinder. The spring seat includes a longitudinal extension at one longitudinal end for defining a space between the longitudinal extension and the piston rod. A rebound spring is mounted around the piston rod within the cylinder. The rebound spring has one longitudinal end fixed to another longitudinal end of the spring seat. An elastic member is retained in the defined space by the longitudinal extension of the spring seat, and clearance-fitted to the piston rod with a second lateral clearance for moving along the piston rod longitudinally of the cylinder, wherein the second lateral clearance is smaller than the first lateral clearance.

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Kanagawa, Japan

Masatoshi Mori