Ngk Spark Plug Company, Limited

The Pilot Ink Co., Ltd.

Kabushiki Kaisha Pilot Corporation

Masashi Ando

Noboru Ishida

Takafumi Oshima

Norihiko Nadanami

Satoshi Sugaya

Yoshikuni Sato

Tatsuo Okumura

Nobuo Sekine

Takaki Otsuka

Takao Kojima

Yasuhisa Kuzuya

Shigeki Mori

Hideaki Asami

Masahiro Kondo

Nobuo Matsubara

Takaki Ootuka

Yoshinori Imamura

Hiroshi Inagaki

Yuichi Yamada

Shigeru Miyata

Hideyuki Tanaka

Takaya Yoshikawa

Nobuhiro Hayakawa

Toshitaka Matsuura

Tessho Yamada

Yoshiaki Kuroki

Yoshiro Noda

Masataka Taguchi

Shinya Awano

Junji Kawai

Takashi Nakashima

Osami Yamauchi

Naomi Arita

Keisuke Makino

Shinji Tanabe

Kenji Hayashi

Makoto Sakuno

A thermochromic writing instrument contains a thermochromic ink, wherein a writing body is accommodated in a barrel movably in a longitudinal direction, an operation portion is provided on the outer surface of the barrel, a pen tip of the writing body is constituted so as to be projectable/retractable from/into a front-end hole of the barrel by operating the operation portion, the thermochromic ink is contained in the inside of the writing body, the pen tip capable of ejecting the thermochromic ink is provided at the front end of the writing tool, and a friction portion capable of thermally changing the color of the handwriting of the thermochromic ink by the frictional heat generated when the handwriting is rubbed with the friction portion is provided on the outer surface of the barrel.

Thermochromic writing instrument

A gas sensor () having a laminate including an alumina substrate () having a heating resister () embedded in the alumina substrate (); a first oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte layer () containing zirconia and alumina and partly constituting an oxygen-detecting cell () and the first solid electrolyte layer () being laminated with said alumina substrate (); a second oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte layer () containing zirconia and alumina and partly constituting an oxygen-pumping cell (); an ion-leakage preventing ceramic spacer () for preventing oxygen-ions from leaking from the second oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte layer () to the first oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte layer (), the spacer () being laminated between the first and second oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte layers (); and a gas-diffusion space () formed between an electrode () of the oxygen-detecting cell () and an electrodes () of the oxygen-pumping cell (). Furthermore, the laminate () is co-fired. Preferably, the zirconia contained at least in the second solid electrolyte layer is made of partially stabilized zirconia, the phase formed in the zirconia consisting essentially of tetragonal and cubic phases. Additionally, an ionic migration-preventing electrode () is optionally embedded in the alumina substrate () for preventing metal ion migration.

Gas sensor having a laminate comprising solid electrolyte layers and alumina substrate

A thermochromic writing instrument contains a thermochromic ink, wherein a writing bodyis accommodated in a barrelmovably in a longitudinal direction, an operation portionis provided on the outer surface of the barrel, and a pen tipof the writing bodyis constituted so as to be projectable/retractable from/into a front-end holeof the barrelby operating the operation portion. The thermochromic inkis contained in the inside of the writing body, the pen tipcapable of ejecting the thermochromic inkis provided at the front end of the writing tool, and a friction portioncapable of thermally changing the color of the handwriting of the thermochromic inkby the frictional heat generated when the handwriting is rubbed with the friction portionis provided on the outer surface of the barrel

A multi-refill writing instrument includes a barrel, writing bodies accommodated in the barrel so as to be movable back and forth, elastic bodies urging the writing bodes backward, operating bodies connected to rear ends of the corresponding writing bodies and window holes formed in a side wall of the barrel so as to extend in the axial direction. The operating bodies protrude from the barrel to an outside through the window holes in the radial direction, one of the operating bodies slides forward along the window hole so that a nib of the writing body connected to the one operating body protrudes from the barrel through a front hole, and a nib of another writing body in a protruding state is retracted into the barrel, and the writing bodies and the operating bodes are pulled out from the barrel and inserted into the barrel.

Multi-refill writing instrument

A gas sensor element having an element body, the element body including: a ceramic heater having ceramic layers and a heater element embedded in the ceramic layers; and a solid electrolyte layer including a detection section covered by a pair of electrodes, the solid electrolyte layer being laminated together with the ceramic heater. Furthermore, the element body has a width at a front portion including the detection section smaller than at a rear portion, and at least both side edge faces of the front portion of the element body are covered with a porous layer.

Lamination-type gas sensor element and gas sensor

A gas sensor () including a protector () for protecting a detection portion () of a sensor element (). The protector () has an inner protector () and an outer protector (). A diameter r of an exhaust hole () formed in the inner protector () and an axial distance h between a front endof the sensor elementand the exhaust hole () satisfy a relation r&#x2266;2h/15+&#x2153;.

Gas sensor

A sensor comprising a sensor element, a metallic housing holding therewithin the sensor element, an inner tubular member fixed to an axially rearward end of the metallic housing, and an outer tubular member radially surrounding the inner tubular member and having a radially inward crimping section for contact with an outer surface of the inner tubular member, wherein an axially forward end of the crimping section is disposed axially apart from an axially forward end of the outer tubular member by a distance of 1.5 mm or less.

Sensor

An ballpoint pen has: a tip body made of metal having an front edge part and a plurality of inward protrusions; a ball rotatably embraced between the front edge part and the inward protrusions; and a rod part urging the ball forwardly and bringing the ball into close contact with the inner surface of the front edge part, wherein ink outflow gaps are formed each between the adjacent inward protrusions, the rod part is inserted into the central part of the ink outflow gaps, the diameter of a virtual inscribed circle of the central part of the ink outflow gaps is larger than the outside diameter of the rod part, and a minimum dimension of each the ink outflow gap is smaller than the outside diameter of the rod part.

Ballpoint pen

A method for detecting the concentration of a specific component in gas discharged from an internal combustion engine, which includes detecting the concentration of the specific component under certain driving conditions to determine a zero point, which indicates a zero concentration of the specific component, of the detection output; calibrating the detection output of the gas sensor based on the determined zero point; and detecting the concentration of the specific component in exhaust gas based on the calibrated detection output.

Methods and apparatus for measuring NOx gas concentration, for detecting exhaust gas concentration and for calibrating and controlling gas sensor

Ink and an ink follower are reserved in an ink tube. An elastic member urges a ball forward. When an outflow of ink is measured at intervals of a writing distance of 100 m, the value of outflow of ink per writing distance of 100 m until a measurement time just before outflow of 80% of the amount of charged ink from the start of writing is selected to be in a range between a value smaller by 20 mg than the outflow of ink in the writing distance range of from 0 m to 100 m and a value larger by 20 mg than the outflow of ink in the writing distance range of from 0 m to 100 m.

Ball point pen

Method and apparatus for correcting a gas sensor response for moisture in exhaust gas

Ball-point pen

Method and sensor for measuring accurate measurement of NOx concentration in an exhaust gas containing O ,H O, CO and NOx and a NOx gas concentration sensor. A first oxygen pump cell sufficiently pumps out oxygen in a measurement gas such as not to decompose NOx. A pair of electrodes is provided on an inner side and an outer side of a second measurement chamber into which the gas is introduced from a first measurement chamber via a diffusion resistance. A voltage is impressed across the paired electrodes for decomposing NOx in the second measurement chamber to dissociate oxygen which causes the current to flow in a second oxygen ion pump cell. The NOx gas concentration is measured for this current. The voltage impressed across the paired electrodes of the second oxygen ion pump cell is set so as not to dissociate H O and CO present in the second measurement chamber.

Method and apparatus for measuring NOx gas concentration

A method and apparatus which enable accurate measurement of the concentration of NOx in a gas under measurement, even when the NOx concentration is low. A gas under measurement is introduced into a first chamber through a first diffusion passage A pump voltage V is applied from a direct-current power source E to a first oxygen ion pump cell such that the electric potential of an oxygen-concentration-measuring cell is held constant. As a result, oxygen is pumped out from the first chamber such that the oxygen concentration measured at an inlet to a second chamber becomes constant. A first pump current I flowing to the first oxygen ion pump cell is measured. Next, the gas under measurement contained in the first chamber is introduced into the second chamber through a second diffusion passage A pump voltage V is applied to a second oxygen ion pump cell of the second chamber by means of a direct-current power source E thereby decomposing nitrogen monoxide contained in the gas under measurement and pumping out oxygen from the second chamber A second pump current I flowing to the second oxygen ion pump cell is measured. In a measurement region in which NOx concentration is low, the second pump current I is proportional to the square of the NOx concentration. Thus, the NOx concentration is obtained from the second pump current I by use of an expression of second order.

Method and apparatus for measuring concentration of a component in a gas

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Aichi, Japan

Masashi Ando