Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Nikon Corporation

Nikkin Flux Inc.

Masaki Tsunoda

Isao Sugaya

Minoru Fukuda

Hajime Mitsuishi

Yuichi Kikuchi

Hidehiro Maeda

Mototeru Goto

Ikuhiro Kuwano

Nao Higuchi

Kazuhiro Yamauchi

Hiroshi Shirasu

Takumi Furukawa

Atsushi Uematsu

Hiroki Masu

Yoshiaki Kito

Mikio Ushijima

Koji Ohyama

Eiji Ariizumi

Masanori Aramata

Naoto Kiribe

Masatsugu Hongo

A method for bonding a first substrate and a second substrate includes: forming a protrusion at a partial region of the first substrate; measuring a position of the first substrate after the protrusion is formed in the first substrate; and bonding the first substrate and the second substrate by contacting the protrusion of the first substrate with a surface of the second substrate to form a contact region and enlarging the contact region.

Bonding method, bonding device, and holding member

An electroconductive member for electrophotography including a support having electro-conductivity and an electroconductive layer on the outer surface of the support, the electroconductive layer including a matrix containing a crosslinked product of a first rubber and first electroconductive particles and domains each containing a crosslinked product of a second rubber and second electroconductive particles, wherein at least part of the first electroconductive particles are present as a primary particle in the crosslinked product of the first rubber, wherein, the first electroconductive particles of the matrix observed in a specific observation region have d1 of 200 nm or more, the second electroconductive particles in the domains observed therein have d2 of 50 nm or less, and 80 number % or more of the domains satisfy specific conditions.

Electroconductive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

To improve the throughput of substrate bonding. A substrate bonding apparatus that bonds first and second substrates so that contact regions in which the first and second substrates contact are formed in parts of the first and second substrates and the contact regions enlarge from the parts, the apparatus including: a detecting unit detecting information about the contact regions; and a determining unit determining that the first and second substrates can be carried out based on the information detected at the detecting unit. In the substrate bonding apparatus, the information may be information, a value of which changes according to progress of enlargement of the contact regions, and the determining unit may determine that the first and second substrates can be carried out if the value becomes constant or if a rate of changes in the value becomes lower than a predetermined value.

Substrate bonding apparatus and substrate bonding method

A charging roller comprising an electroconductive mandrel and an electroconductive layer as a surface layer, the electroconductive layer including a matrix containing a cross-linked product of a first rubber and domains dispersed in the matrix, each of the domains containing a cross-linked product of a second rubber and an electroconductive particle, the domains each having a volume resistivity lower than a volume resistivity of the matrix, and when sampling a cubic sample of the electroconductive layer having a side of 20.0 &#x3bc;m from a region from an outer surface of the electroconductive layer to a depth of 20.0 &#x3bc;m, 50 number % or more of all the domains in the cubic sample satisfy a specific condition.

Charging roller, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

A charging member includes an electro-conductive substrate, an elastic layer, and a surface layer provided in this order. The elastic layer has, on an outer surface thereof, concave portions that are independent of each other, and hold insulating particles. The insulating particle is exposed to the surface of the elastic layer. A site in which an outer edge of the projection image derived from each of the insulating particles and an outer edge of a projection image derived from each of the concave portions are separated, exists. The charging member has convex portions derived from the insulating particles exposed to the surface of the elastic layer, and concave portions derived from the concave portions of the elastic layer. The surface layer has a volume resistivity of 1.0&#xd7;10&#x3a9;cm or more.

Charging member, process cartridge, electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and method for manufacturing charging member

Disclosed is a method of adding silicon to aluminum. The method is characterized in that silicon particles having a diameter ranging between 2 mm and 50 mm are added to a molten aluminum together with a flux represented by the general formula XaMFb, where 'X' represents an element included in the third or fourth period of the Periodic Table, 'M' is a III or IV group element of the Periodic Table, and 'F' is fluorine. A part of the flux may be added in the form of coating on the surface of the silicon particle.

Method of adding silicon to aluminum

Growing community of inventors

Tokyo, Japan

Masaki Tsunoda